主动语态如何改成被动语态？

外研版初三(上)Module4Unit3LanguageinuseLanguagepracticePaperandprintinghavebeenusedforages.Thebatteryhasn’tbeenchangedforacoupleofmonths.Hasitbeenpublishedyet?现在完成时的被动语态:have/has(not)been+过去分词InformationcanbekeptonCD-ROMs.Bookscouldonlybeproducedoneatatime.Canbooksbereplacedbycomputers?情态动词的被动语态:情态动词(not)+be+过去分词一般现在时—am／is／are+动词的过去分词一般过去时—was／were+动词的过去分词情态动词—aux.v.(must／can／could／may…+be+动词的过去分词被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词现在进行时——be(am、is、are)+being+动词的过去分词一般将来时——willbe／begoingtobe+动词的过去分词现在完成时——have／has+been+动词的过去分词时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时am/is/are+donewas/were+doneam/is/arebeing+donewas/werebeing+done一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时shall/willbe+donewouldbe+donehave/hasbeen+donehadbeen+done如:give→begivento此类动词还有:passshowsend…再如:buy→beboughtfor此类动词还有:makedrawcookmend…5.一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾语补足语,改成被动语态时,to必须还原。注:1.不及物动词（vi.)不用被动语态。如:happen、takeplace、appear、disappear…1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday.2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday.Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar几种特殊结构注意:see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。ArecorderisusedinourEnglishclasseveryday.Let’spractice!recorderEnglishclassuse…forOftenplayFootballisplayedallovertheworld.Acameraisusedfortakingphotos.robyesterdaysenduplastyearAman-madesatellitewassentupintospacelastyear.Abankwasrobbedyesterday.mustplantcoverwithinafewyears’timeThetreemustbeplantedontheground.Thegroundwillbecoveredwithtreesinafewyears’time.sendtorightnowatallgivesoonTheywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalkwillbegivensoon.digTheearthisbeingdugnow.eatupalreadyThefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.ExercisesCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.1.Ithinkonedaybooksmay________(place)completely.2.Mybike___________(leave)atschool,soIhavetotakethebustoschooltoday.3.Thebattery__________________(charge)yet.HowcanIusemyrecorder.hasbeenlefthasn’tbeenchargedbeplaced4.Papershouldnot_________(throw)away.5.Booksandothermaterialcan___________(borrow)fromthelibrary.6.I’veboughtasecond-handMP3player—andabout1,000songshave_______________(download)ontoit!beborrowedbethrownbeendownloaded7.Hasthecomputer____________(repair)yet?Ineedtowritemyarticlewithit.8.Whathave______________(turnon)?Theradio.beenturnedonbeenrepairedExercisesCompletethequizquestionsandchoosethecorrectanswer.1.Who/pyramids/build?Whowerethepyramidsbuiltby?a)TheEgyptiansb)TheAncientGreeksc)TheRomans2.What/use/tomakepapersincethe19thcentury?Whatwasusedtomakepapersincethe19thcentury?a)Woodb)Silkc)Cotton3.Where/thestoryofRomeoandJuliet/set?WherewasthestoryofRomeoandJulietset?a)InNewYorkb)InAthensc)InLondon4.where/theworld’soldestbookprintedonpaper/discover?Wherewastheworld’soldestbookprintedonpaperdiscovered?a)InIndiab)InChinac)InEgypt5.Howlong/computers/use?Howlonghavecomputersbeenused?a)Forlessthan50years.b)For50yearsc)Formorethan50yearsExercisesMakequestionsandwriteanswers.What/shouldn’t/do/withpaper?(waste)--Whatshouldn’tbedonewithpaper?--Itshouldn’tbewasted.1.what/can/use/tomakepaper?(manythings)2.What/might/use/toreplacebooksoneday?(computers)3.how/must/printers/keep?(ingoodconditions)4.Where/can/music/keep?(onMP3players)Howhastheplacechanged?Usethesewords:add,change,open,paint,put,turnon,takeaway,ThewindowThecapThelightThebasketballThesweaterThepaintingTwochairsThebooksThedisheshave/hasbeenExercisesCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewords.Fromabout500BC,pens_________forwriting.Thefeathersoflargebirds___________anddried.Thepointofeachfeatherwassharpened.call,clean,develop,introduce,invent,produce,spread,use,writewereusedwerecleanedThenpeopleusedthemtowritewithink.Manyfamousworks,suchasShakespeare’splays,______________withthesepens.Theninthe18thcentury,Apenwithasteelwritingpoint___________Onlyafewwordscould___________,however,beforethewriterhadtofillthepenwithinkagain.werewrittenwasinventedwereproducedManyyearslater,thefountainpen____________fromtheseearlypens.In1950,aEuropeancalledLaszloBiroinventedtheballpointpen.Thepopularityofwriting______quicklywiththe___________oftheballpointpen.Eventoday,ballpointpen,orBiros,asthey________,aremuchlessexpensive,comparedwiththefountainpens.spreadwasdevelopedintroductionExercisesCompletethesentenceswiththephrasesinthebox.1.CouldyouimagineadigitalimageofYaoMingonthewall___________aposter?ratherthanbyhand,forages,fromnowon,Iwonder,ratherthan2.Thingsmade_______areusuallymoreexpensivethanthoseproducedinfactories.3.________howoldbooksareactuallydownloadedontocomputers…4.Ihaven’tseenmybestfriend_______!5.We’reusingtoomuchpaper.___________,I’mgoingtoreadallmymagazinesonline.byhandfromnowonforagesIwonderAroundtheworldE-bookAswecansendmailbyemail,wecanreadbooksbye-booknow.E-booksfirstappearedinthe1990sandhavemadegreatimprovementintechnology.Notescanbewrittenonthee-book,newbookscanbeeasilydownloadedfromtheInternet,andit’smuchEasierandquickertosearchforpassages.What’sMore,alotofpaperwillbesaved.Nowadays,themostAdvancede-bookisabout620g,18cmlong,12cmwideand2cmthick.Itlookslikearealbook.ButtheE-bookismoreexpensivethanpaperbooks,sonotman