系动词

连系动词及其用法英语的动词中，有的后面要接名词或代词等作宾语，有的单独作谓语，而有的动词要接作表语的形容词或名词等。我们把后面接表语的动词称为系动词。最常用、也是同学们最熟悉的系动词就是be；除be以外，表感觉和知觉的动词也可以是系动词。系动词的定义:半系动词词汇用法时态语态感官性系动词主观判断系动词状态变化系动词状态持续系动词look,sound,smell,taste,feeletc.+adj.+like+n.一般现在或过去时(特殊:feel)主动表被动seem,appear,turnout,prove,happenetc.+(tobe)adj./n.+todosth.系动词一般现在或过去时不定式可用各种形式系动词主动表被动不定式可主动或被动become,turn,grow,get,go,come,fall,etc.+adj.+n.注意记忆惯用搭配现在\过去\将来\进行\完成时无被动keep,remain,stay,lieetc.+adj.+n.一般现在或过去时无被动仔细看这些句子:Thechocolatecookiessmellsweet.巧克力曲奇饼干闻起来甜甜的。Helooksangry.他看上去很生气。Ittastesdelicious.这尝起来味道鲜美。Theshirtfeelssoft.这衬衫摸上去很软。表感觉和知觉的动词有：look,smell,taste,sound,feel,相当于汉语的“看上去”、“闻起来”，“尝起来”，“听起来”，“摸起来”。注意:这类系动词与系动词be不同，其否定形式和疑问形式的构成要加助动词才行。如：系动词（连系动词）：它本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，后面必须跟表语构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。表感觉和知觉的系动词看起来look:looksmart听起来sound:soundnoisy尝起来taste:tastedelicious摸起来feel:feelsoft闻起来smell:smellsweetCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.(Activity2)feellookseemsmellsoundtaste1.Themilk___________fresh.2.Mysweater_____comfortable.3.Theroom_______quiet.4.Theselanterns_____beautiful!5.You______________angry.6.She_________________nice.7.You______________happy.8.Thispizza____________bad.looks/seems/soundsfeelssoundslooklook/seem/soundsmells/tasteslook/sound/seemsmells/tastesLookatthepicture.Completeeachsentencewithtwosuitablewords.(Activity3)1.Thecakes____________.2.Thebananas_________.3.Thestudents__________.4.Theflowers__________.tastedelicioussmellgoodlookhappysmellsweetThepartysoundsnoisy.Lookatthepicture.Completeeachsentencewithtwosuitablewords.(Activity3)5.Theteacher____________.6.Thejuice__________.7.Thechair_______________.8.Themusic_______________.seemsfriendlytastessourfeelscomfortablesoundsbeautifulChoosethebestanswer1.Thewater_____coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feelsChoosethebestanswer2.Heshookhishead______andlooked____whenhewastoldthebadnews.A.sadly;sadlyB.sad;sadC.sadly;sadD.sad;sadlyChoosethebestanswer3.Ilovetogototheforestinsummer.It____goodtowalkintheforestorsitintheshadeoftrees.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makesChoosethebestanswer4.----Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskatingontheweekend.----_____good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds2.“主观判断”类:包括seem(似乎是)，appear(似乎、显得)，prove(证明是),turnout(结果是,证明是)等.例如:Heappears/seemtobeveryfriendlywithus.Theyappear/seemtohavemisunderstoodme.Itappears/seemthatshewillwin.试比较：Heseems(tobe)forty.Heappears(tobe)forty.他似乎四十岁了。（说话人有一定根据）他看上去四十岁。（从外表上看）Choosethebestanswer1.Hismethodshouldbepopularized;it___practical.A.provesB.isprovedC.hasbeenprovedD.wasproved2.Toeverybody’sgreatsurprise,thefashionableyounglady____tobeathief.A.foundoutB.provedoutC.putoutD.turnedout4.Johnseems_____wellathisjob.Helookscontentwithit.A.togetonB.tobegettingonC.gettingonD.tohavegoton3.“状态变化”类:表示主语从一种状态变化成另一种状态。常见的有:become,turn,grow,go,come,fall,get等。例如：Putthefishinthefridge,oritwillgobadinhotweather.状态变化系动词状态变化系动词用法习惯搭配go多指朝坏的方面变化,也常与表颜色的词连用wrong,bad,mad,hungry,blindetc.turn表“颜色,气味,天气,职业,年龄,时间”等1特殊用法,可接年龄和时间2接单数名词时,单数名词前不接冠词grow表成长,发展中的变化strong,tall,thick,healthyetc.fall表由动态到静态的转变ill,sick,silent,asleepetc.come表事物的发展转向好的状态allright,true,aliveetc.run表发展的状态不是人们所希望的dry,short,wildetc.getbecome常用来指人或物的状态的变化become接名词时,名词前接冠词Choosethebestanswer1.Thediscussion_____alivewhenaninterestingtopicwasbroughtin.A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.hascomeD.came2.Happybirthday,Alice!Soyouhave____twenty-onealready!A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed3.Thetrafficlights_____greenandIpulledaway.A.cameB.grewC.gotD.went4.---Isyourheadachegetting_____?---No,it’sworse.A.betterB.badC.lessD.wellTHINKITOVER4.“状态持续”类:表示主语持续某种状态。常见的有:remain(依然)，keep(保持)，stay(保持)，lie(呈…状态,置于),continue(继续、仍旧)等。例如:—Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?—Itwillstayfreshforseveraldays.ThepopulationgrowthinChinaremainsaproblem.Thebooklayopenonthedesk.Choosethebestanswer1.-----Wouldyouadvisemeonhowtostay_____?-----Trytoliveregularly,eatmorevegetablesandbeinagoodstateofmind.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.morehealthily2.Hekept_____afterher,tryingtocatchher.A.runB.torunC.runningDran3.He_____intheshadebecauseitwasveryhot.A.keepB.tokeepC.keptD.keepingremainremain+n.remain+adj.remain+v-ed/ingremain+prep.phraseremain+todosth.Choosethebestanswer1.Itisagoodplanintheory,butit_____tobeseenwhetheritworksinpractice.A.waitsB.staysC.standsD.remains2.Heremained______thoughwerepeatlyaskedhimtositdown.A.standB.tostandC.stoodD.standing3.Thetrueauthorofthebookremains_____.A.knowB.toknowC.unknownD.knowing