淀粉基可环境降解塑料研究

395()Vol.39No.520009JournalofXiamenUniversity(NaturalScience)Sep.2000:043820479(2000)0520647206Ë:1999212224:(1959-),,.,,,,,,(,361005),,,(,525021):,,.,PE,,,ö.:;;;:TQ325.1:A20,.80,,.;,;[1],,.[2],(PVA).1992ATIöEAAöPE,PE.,,,,.,;,,.,,,,,,ö.©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(GB).,10001500mm,90120kcalöcm2,1997516,,28.1.3,1015cm.22.1PE1AXDPE:A1,:A2,:X1,:X2,:D1,+:D2,:D4,3:D5Fig.1ThevariationofmechanicalpropertyofA,X,andDseriesofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchintheagingtestdirectlyexposedtotheatmo2sphere,,.PE,.,,,,,,.PE1997516526,.1A()X()D()PE.,,.A1,15d,Dt(%)27.3%;0.2%(A2),,Dt(%)77.3%,PE.PE,846()2000©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(X1)16%(X2),15d,Et(%)67.2%75%.DPE10d,Et(%)50%,Et(%).,,PE,1,15d,.1PERt(MPa)Tab.1Thevariationofmechanicalproperty(Rt,MPa)ofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchintheagingprocessdirectlyexposedtotheatmospheretödA1A2A3A4A5X1X2X4X5D1D2D4D508.38.38.58.38.38.38.37.57.58.38.38.38.3158.38.38.37.97.88.38.37.57.58.38.38.38.3,PE,.A,(6d),(21d),,56d,,,()(65d).,PE,.2.2PE1)PE,.PE:a),,.b)(amylase),PE(mono-di-oxyge2nase)c)(),,.2000,.PE,.d),,,,PE,,.PE,.2)a)EVAFeSt3DCP(),9465:Ë©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:A1,:A2,:A3,:A4,:A5Fig.2Theeffectofphotosensitizerontheme2chanicalpropertyofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchinthedegradedtestdirectlyembeddedintosoil3,PE:X1,:X2,:X3,:X4,:X5Fig.3TheeffectofstarchonthemechanicalpropertyofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchinthedegradedtestdirectlydirectlyem2beddedintosoil4,PE:D1,:D2,:D3,:D4,:D5Fig.4TheeffectofmaleicanhydrideonthemechanicalpropertyofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchinthedegradedtestdirectlyembeddedintosoil5APE15d:X1,:X2,:X3,:X4,:X5Fig.5Theeffectoftimeinsoilontensileinten2sityofAseriesofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchaftertheagingtestdirectlyexposedtotheatmospherefor15daysPE,056()2000©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.)FeSt3PE.c)DCPPE.3)PEa).6XPE15d:X1,:X2,:X3,:X4,:X5Fig.6TheeffectoftimeinsoilontensileintensityofXseriesofPEplasticsfilledwithstarchaftertheagingtestdirectlyexposedtotheatmospherefor15days24A()X()D()PE.AD,45%.A8Et(%),;D;(X),26%(X4X5)65%.,.,PE(2),650d(1997.5.141999.3.4),,,(2).(),PE,PE,.b),,PE,,[3,4].56,A()X()PE15d,45d,APE(A5),,A2A4105d75d,A1105d,16.9%,30%,.X,X4X545d,50%,75d,22%X375d50%,105d,16%105d13%18%.1565:Ë©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:[1],.[J].,1999,27(6):3-8.[2],.[J].,1997,12:3-5.[3],.()[J].,1998,2:88-92.[4]WeilandP.Biodegradationofplasticsfromrenewableresources[J].Fett2Lipid,1997,99:306-314.StudyofStarch2baseDegradablePlasticsËDegradedTestInTheEnvironmentDAILi2zong,LIWan2li,LINJian2qing,ZHOUShan2kangYAOQing2qing,ZOUYou2si,WANGZhong2quan(Chem.andChem.Engn.Coll.ofXiamenUniv.,361005,China)ZHANGHai2tao,WUHao,NINGYan2mei,GUOJin2xiu(GuandongMaomingPetrochemistryEthyleneCo.,LTD.,Maoming525021,China)Abstract:Amassofdegradedtestsofthedegradableplasticsdesignedinthesepapersintherealenvironmentincludingagingtestinatmosphereanddegradedtestinsoilwerecarriedthrough,whichprovidedalargenumberoffirst2handdata,andsomegooddegradationefficiencywereob2servedfromthem.Thetestsindicatedthatthecompositematerialscomposedwithvariousaddi2tivesandPEplasticsdesignedinthispaperpossessedbetterdegradableperformancewhentheywereembeddedintosoilafterbeingexposedinatmospherethanembeddedintosoildirectly.Itwasachievedtocontrolphoto2andbiodegradableplasticsthroughdevisingeachfilledcomponentreasonably.Keywords:degradableplastics;degradationinenvironment;agingtestinatmosphere;degrad2edtestinsoil256()2000©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.