英语48个国际音标教案

同学个性化教学设计年级：教师：科目：班主任：日期：时段：课题英语国际音标的学习与使用教学目标掌握读音，区分并会使用英语国际音标来拼单词的读音重难点透视国际音标的读音标准与区分及使用考点单词中字母组合读音的区分知识点剖析序号知识点预估时间掌握情况120个元音的学习与练习40min228个辅音的学习与练习30min3做相应的练习题并进一步矫正读音30min4回顾并总结本课20min教学内容一．国际音标分为元音和辅音1.元音辅音的定义:(1)气流迫使声带振动，从口腔向外流出时不受任何阻挡而形成的音为元音（2）声腔中的气流通道受到不同程度的阻碍而形成的音为辅音。2.从音系学的角度，即从音节里音的功能来看，位于音节两边的音位为辅音，即节首和结尾，位于音节核心的音位为元音。（red,wet,lead）3.元音和辅音的比较（1）元音：1）气流在通道上不受任何阻挡，畅通无阻。2）发音器官的各个部位保持均衡的紧张状态。3）声带一定振动，即元音都是浊音。4）呼出的气流较弱。5）全是口腔音。6）乐音响度大。（2）辅音：1）气流在通道上受到某种程度的阻挡。2）只有构成阻碍的那部分发音器官处于紧张状态。3）声带不一定振动，有浊音和清音之别。4）呼出的气流较强。5)有口腔音和晕音之分。6）噪音，响度小。二．20个元音：单元音12个：/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ://i://U://ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e//æ/双元音8个：/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/前元音4个：/i://ɪ//e//æ/中元音3个：/ʌ//ɜ://ə/后元音5个：/ɑ://ɒ//ɔ://ʊ//u:/圆唇音4个：/u://ʊ//ɔ://ɒ/1)[ɑ:]字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm2)[ɔ:]字母组合alorauourarsmallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter3）[3:]字母组合irurearerorgirlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormwordworld4)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeieei（eoeyi）threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleaseheshemepiecereceiveceiling5)[u:]字母组合oooufoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthblueprude6)[ʌ]发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood7)[ɒ]发音字母oaouhotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwashwatch8)[ə]字母组合erorouaroaeuteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlistenfamulusSaturday9)[ɪ]发音字母iyeuiuasitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious10)[ʊ]字母组合ooouuolookgoodfootbookwoodwoolcookstood(短脚厨师站在木头和羊毛上看好书)shouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf11)[e]字母组合eaea（ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany12)[æ]发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman13)[eɪ]发音字母aayeaaieynamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)[aɪ]发音字母iybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye15)[ɔɪ]字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice16)[ɪə]字母组合eerearbeerdeerearnearherefierceidea17)[eə]字母组合earairerepearbearchairairfairtherewherecare18)[ʊə]字母组合ouroweroortourpoor19)[əu]([εu])发音字母oowoahomecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal20)[au]字母组合ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown二．28个辅音：/p//t//k//f//θ//s//b//d//g//v//ð//z//ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr//ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr//m//n//ŋ//j//w//ǀ/1轻辅音/p/penpadpandapartyput浊辅音/b/bedboatbirdbadmintonbathroom2轻辅音/t/toothteachteartea浊辅音/d/dolldarknessdaddutydoubt3轻辅音/k/kindkeepsockduckchecktrick浊辅音/g/girlgiftgladbagjogbug4轻辅音/f/fivefightfootfoodliftfour浊辅音/v/veryvisitviewfivesave5轻辅音/θ/threethirstythinkthankmouthbirthday浊辅音/ð/thismotherthosewiththere6轻辅音/s/sixsingsongsitsoup浊辅音/z/zoozebrazerohashisrose7轻辅音/ʃ/washshowsheshop浊辅音/ʒ/televisionusually8轻辅音/ts/lightscoatsjackets浊辅音/dz/birdsfriendsbeds9轻辅音/tʃ/chairchildrenchickenChina浊辅音/dʒ/jeepjumpsubjectjustjacket10轻辅音/tr/treetraintrytreat浊辅音/dr/drinkdrivedressdraw轻辅音/h/highhelphopewhowhose浊辅音/r/radiorabbitrootrosewritewrong鼻音/m/moonmothermakemarketmarker/n/nosenoonneednewplaneorange/ŋ/(ng)thingsingsongswingringgoing(n)thinkthankuncleEnglishfinger半元音/j/yearyesyellowyouyoung/w/wolfwoodwinterweekwatchwoman(wh)wherewhenwhichwhatwhy边音/ǀ/lightlibrarylateladytableballtroublelittle三．辅音的发音区分及分类1.爆破音（6个）：/p//b//t//d//k//g/其中/p//b/为双唇音，/t//d/为齿龈音，/k//g/为软腭音。2.鼻音（3个）：/m//n//ŋ/其中/m/为双唇音，/n/为齿龈音，/ŋ/为软腭音。3.摩擦音（9个）：/f//v//θ//ð//s//z//ʃ//ʒ//h/其中/f//v/为唇齿音，/θ//ð/为齿音，/s//z/为齿龈音，/ʃ//ʒ/为腭龈音，/h/为声门音。4.半元音（3个）：/j//w//r/其中/w/为双唇音，/r/为卷舌音，/j/为硬腭音。5.舌侧音（1个）：/ǀ/同时/ǀ/也属于齿龈音。6.塞擦音（2个）：/tʃ//dʒ/同时/tʃ//dʒ/也属于腭龈音。四．一些辅音的发音分类1.双唇音：主要的发音器官是双唇。（/p//b//m//w/）2.唇齿音:下唇同上齿接触发出的音。（/f//v/）3.齿音;舌尖与上齿接触所发出的音。（/θ//ð/）4.齿龈音：舌面或舌尖和舌面与上齿龈接触或靠近所发出的音。（/t//d//ǀ//n//s//z/）5.卷舌音：舌尖朝后向着上齿龈与硬腭相连接的部分卷起所发出的音。/r/red6.腭龈音：舌面或舌尖和舌面与上齿龈接触，同时舌前部朝硬腭方向抬起所发出的音/ʃ//ʒ//tʃ//dʒ/7.硬腭音;舌前部靠近硬腭所发出的音。如queue/kjU:/中的/j/8.软腭音：舌后与软腭的接触所发出的音。（/k//g//ŋ/）9.声门音：声带间对气流进行阻碍，或声带缩窄，气流通过时产生摩擦，但不震动所发出的音。/h/五．音位变体，即轻辅音在/s/音后面的浊化现象school/skU:ǀ/speak/spi:k/校长签字：___________家长签字：日期：六．做练习运用以上发音规则阅读以下新旧单词：1、facesamegatepagerace2、nicewiferisesizehide3、homenotehopejokerose阅读更多单词：/eI/gradeplatemakegrapeplanetablepaperstationradiobabiesneighbourstaytrainwaittheygreat/i:/eveningtheseChinesemewehesheweekseemeetsleepsweetteacherreadpiecefieldpolicekilo/aI/tigerwhitewriterideChinalikerightbrightfindkindbehindflytrywhy/əu/gosooveropenstovethosehomeholdcoldpostmostghostknowrowwindowyellowcoatboat/ju:/cuteexcuseunitstudentcomputermusicTuesdaybluerulerJuneJulyfruitjuiceshoewhose课堂总结课后作业课堂反馈：○非常满意○满意○一般○差学生签字：个性化拓展练习姓名:年级:科目:日期:限时:评分:一．仔细读单词，读并写出下列划线字母的发音。1、cake_____2、face_____3、game_____4、lake____5、name_____6、be_____7、he_____8、me_____9