The-Political-Parties-in-the-United-States美国的政党体系

ThePoliticalPartiesintheUnitedStatesfocusWhatistheAmericanPoliticalPartySystem?Whatisrelationshipbetweentheseparties?Whatistherelationshipbetweenthepoliticalpartyandthepresidentelection?symbols•TheDemocraticParty•TheRepublicanPartyBipartisanship-----两党制ThetwomajorpoliticalpartiesintheunitedstatesaretheRepublicanandDemocraticParties.Establishedandsupportedbythosewithwealthandpower,bothhaveruledthenationalternativelyfordifferentlengthsoftime.Thissystemisthewell-knownbipartisanshipsystempracticedintheUSDemocraticParty---民主党TheDemocraticPartygrewoutofthe“Anti-Federalists”thatappearedafter1787.Itwasfoundedin1828,ledbyagroupofplantersandcapitalistsandaconsiderablenumberofsmallfarmers.ThomasJeffersonwastheleader.InterestingFacts:ThesymbolofthedonkeyfortheDemocraticPartyissaidtohavestemmedfromAndrewJackson.Hisoppositioncalledhimajackass（公驴；愚蠢的人）.Insteadoftakingitasaninsult,hechosetoadoptthisasasymbol.This,inturn,becamethesymboloftheDemocraticParty.DemocraticParty---民主党believes★Thepartytypicallyarguesformoregovernmentcontrolovereconomicmattersandlessgovernmentcontroloverindividualrightsideals★GovernmentshoulddomoreforallclassesofAmericans.★Theyfavorastrongsocialsecuritysystem.supporters★Poorerandless-privilegedAmericansbelieves★ThepartytypicallyarguesformoregovernmentcontrolovereconomicmattersandlessgovernmentcontroloverindividualrightsRepublicanParty---共和党Itwasfoundedin1854.Itwasapartyofnortherncapitalistswhoopposedslaveryfortheirownpoliticalandeconomicinterests.RepublicanParty---共和党ideals★Asmallgovernmentandfreemarket★Advocatesstrongnationaldefensesupporters★bigindustrialcapitalistsandwell-to-domiddleanduppermiddleclassfeatures★moreconservativeideals★Asmallgovernmentandfreemarket★AdvocatesstrongnationaldefenseIntroductiontoBritishandAmericanCulturePartiesTheRepublicansTheDemocraticsSymbols__________DonkeyIdeasconservative__________Economicideafree____________________interventionSocialissuesOpposelargegovernmentalsocialsecurityprograms__________astrongsocialsecuritysystemPoliticalsupportbusinessgroupsthelessprivilegedsummarizationElephantliberalmarketGovernmentSupportPartyinPower（执政党）out-party（在野党）majorityparty（多数党）Minorityparty(少数党)Wininthepresidentialelectiongainamajorityinthecongressionalelections(国会选举)gainaminorityinthecongressionalelections(国会选举)failinthepresidentialelectionThetwobigpartiesrulethepresidentpositionthroughtheelectioncampaign.majorityparty（多数党）AmericanpresidentelectionTheelectionofthePresidentandVicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisanindirectvote（间接选举）inwhichcitizenscastballotsforaslateofmembersoftheU.S.ElectoralCollege（总统选举团），theseelectorsinturndirectlyelectthePresidentandVicePresident.Presidentialelectionsoccurquadrennially（四年一次的）.TheElectionDayistheTuesdaybetweenNovember2and8,coincidingwiththegeneralelectionsofvariousotherfederal,statesandlocalraces.Themostrecentwasthe2012presidentialelection,heldonNovember6thatyear.SomeotherpartiesLibertarianParty自由党AmericanIndependentParty美国独立党GreenParty绿党ReformParty改革党DemocraticSocialistsofAmerican美国民主社会主义者SocialDemocrats,USA社会民主党SocialistParty,USA社会党CommunistParty共产党NaturalLawPartyoftheUSA自然法律党ConstitutionParty宪法党NewParty新党