cx温湿度测量系统--基于单片机和温度传感器DS18B20、HS1101是电容式空气湿度传感器

摘要此温湿度测量系统是基于单线式温度传感器DS18B20、电容式湿度传感器单片机STC89C52对温度湿度分别测量并通过液晶显示屏1602经行显示。温度传感器DS18B20是单线式，体积超小，硬件开消超低，抗干扰能力强，精度高，附加功能强的理想单片机温度传感器，可实时根据指令给出温度数据，可读性高。HS1101是电容式空气湿度传感器，在不同的湿度环境下呈现出不同的电容值，0%～100%RH湿度范围内，电容从162PF变化到200PF，误差误差为2%RH。可见其精度非常高，为了反映出其电容的变化，本系统采用555多谐震荡电路产生不同的频率，用于检测湿度。单片机采集到两个传感器给出的数据进行处理与计算，得出当前的温度与湿度并送给液晶屏显示。本系统具有可读性高，稳定性高，反应速度快，测量值准确的特点。关键词：温湿度测量系统精度高速度快体积小Abstract:ThetemperatureandhumiditymeasurementsystemisbasedonsinglelinetypetemperaturesensorDS18B20,capacitivemoisturesensorSCMSTC89C52fortemperaturehumiditymeasurementandrespectivelybyLCDdisplay.Theline1602TemperaturesensorDS18B20issinglelinetype,volumesuper-small,hardwareKaiXiaoultra-low,stronganti-jammingcapability,highprecision,additionalfeaturesstrongidealsingle-chipmicrocomputertemperaturesensor,real-timetemperaturedata,dependingonthedirectivegivenreadable.HS1101iscapacitivesensor,airhumidityindifferenthumiditypresentsdifferentcapacitance,0%~100%RHhumidity,withinthescopeofcapacitancechangeto200PF,from162PFerrorfor2%RHerror.ecanseeitsprecisionisveryhigh,inordertoreflectthecapacitancechange,thesystemUSESthe555moreharmonicconcussioncircuitsproducedifferentfrequency,whichisusedtodetecthumidity.SCMacquisitiontotwosensorgivesdataprocessingandcalculated,thecurrenttemperatureandhumidityandgivethedisplayontheLCDpanel.Thissystemhasareadable,highstability,reactionspeed,measuredvaluesexactcharacteristic.Keywords:temperatureandhumiditymeasurementsystemhighprecisionspeedsmallvolume目录1.设计要求.................................................................................................................32.方案设计及论证.....................................................................................................32.1总体方案设计..................................................................................................32.2系统主要单元的选择与论证......................................................................32.2.1单片机控制模块的选择论证.................................................................32.2.2温度湿度检测模块的选择与论证.........................................................32.2.3显示模块的选择与论证.........................................................................32.3系统组成..........................................................................................................43.理论分析及计算.....................................................................................................43.1............................................................................................................................43.2............................................................................................错误!未定义书签。4.系统电路设计...........................................................................................................44.1单片机主控电路设计.......................................................................................44.2DS18B20温度检测模块和HS1101湿度检测模块电路设计.......................54.2.1HS1101湿度检测传感器工作原理.......................................................74.2.2DS18B20温度检测传感器工作原理....................................................74.4.3蜂鸣器电路原理.....................................................................................84.31602液晶显示模块电路设计..........................................................................85.系统软件设计...........................................................................................................95.1软件设计流程图..............................................................................................95.2软件设计分析................................................................................................106.系统测试.................................................................................................................106.1主要指标测试.................................................................................................106.2测试结果分析.................................................................................................117.结论.........................................................................................................................11参考文献......................................................................................................................11附录..............................................................................................................................13附录一：系统的总原理图...................................................................................13附录二：系统的PCB元件分布图.....................................................................14附录三：程序清单...............................................................................................17附录五：元器件清单...........................................................................................281.设计要求（1）设计制作一个温湿度计，温度测量范围为-10-50℃，湿度为0-100%；（2）温度测量误差为0.1℃，湿度测量误差为3%；（3）具有量程自动转换功能；（4）其他创新性设计，如低功耗等。2.2.方案设计及论证2.1总体方案设计经分析，将系统分为两个部分，一个是由温湿度传感器组成的检测部分，另一个是由单片机和1602液晶组成的主控与显示部分。如图所示DS18B20和HS1101湿度检测电路将检测到的数送到单片机，单片机对接收到的数据进行处理并送到1602显示，5V稳压电源给各个部分供电。图2.1系统组成框图2.2系统主要单元的选择与论证2.2.1单片机控制模块的选择论证方案一：采用XC9000系列的FPGA。该类器件具有并行处理能力，能快速的响应外部的各种数字信号，但在数据处理方面过于