课件--五大基本句型

Chapter11五大基本句型Pleasecorrectthewrongsentences.1.I’mwritingtoeverybodysomeadviceabouthowtokeephealthybeforetheexams.2.Itisimportantforyoutokeepyourselfhaveahealthylife.3.Wearegotobedearlyandgetupearlytoo.4.…becauseisgoodforourbody.5.Ihopewewillmoreandmorehealthy.6.It’scanhelpyoumorehealthy.writingtoyoutogivesomeadvicekeepyouhealthyshouldgo/gobecauseitiswillbeItcanhelpyoubemorehealthy.Whatmakesasentence?Sentenceelements谓语(v)定语(Attr)主语(s)宾语(IO,O)状语(Ad)补语(Cs,Co)主语谓语Vtlink-VVi宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Revision表语(P)Point1简单句的五种基本类型（fivebasicsentencepatterns)1.Heruns.2.Peoplemakehistory.3.Knowledgeispower.4.Hegavemeabook.5.WecallherLily.主+谓(Ｓ+V)主+谓+宾(S+V+O)主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+O)主+系+表(S+link-V+P)主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+C)基本句型一:ＳＶ(主＋谓)主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当Pridegoesbeforeafall.Whoisspeaking,please?Skatingisgoodexercise.Totranslatethisidealintorealityneedshardwork.Two-thirdsoftheworkersarewomen.Whetherwe'llgodependsontheweather动词前！谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征只有动词才可以充当谓语。Somechildrenaskedforcolddrinks.Ishallgotoseehimtomorrow.ImustaskhertoteachmetoswimImadeyourbirthdaycakelastnight.Whatdoesthiswordmean?Iwon’tdoitagain.Ｓ│Ｖ(不及物动词)1.Thesun│rose.2.Who│cares?3.Whathesaid│doesnotmatter.4.They│talkedforhalfanhour.5.Thepen│writessmoothly共同特点:谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。ＳＶ1.Time2.Themoon3.Theman5.Everybody6.I7.They8.He9.They10.Heflies.rose.cooked.laughed?woke.talkedforhalfanhour.walkedyesterdayhavegoneisplaying基本句型二Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）共同特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等Showyourpassport,please.Hedidn'tsayanything.Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?动词后！ＳＶ（实义动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Who2.She3.He8.He5.They6.Danny7.I4.Heknowslaughatunderstandsmadeatelikeswantsaidtheanswer?her.English.cakes.someapples.donuts.tohaveacupoftea.Goodmorning.基本句型三Ｓ+link-Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）共同特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等。(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,prove,等等表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态Africaisabigcontinent.Thatremainsapuzzletome.What’syourfaxnumber?Ifeelmuchbettertoday.Herjobissellingcomputers.Ournextstepwastogetrawmaterialsready.Thepatientisoutofdanger.Idon’tfeelatease.Thisiswhathesaid.连系动词后！ＳLink-Ｖ（系动词）Ｐ(表语)1.This2.Thedinner3.He4.Everything5.He6.Thebook7.Theweather8.HisfaceissmellsfelllooksisisbecameturnedanEnglishdictionary.good.happy.different.tallandstrong.interesting.warmer.red.基本句型四Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。ＳＶ（及物）Iｏ（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）1.She2.She3.He8.He5.I6.I7.I4.Hepassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）共同特点:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词,形容词,不定式,动名词,分词,介词短语等。宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的Iconsiderhimagentleman.Washyourhandsclean.Ifoundhimout.Theyleftmewait.Iheardmynamecalled.Ithoughthimtobeagoodman.Makeyourselfathome.Hiswifehasmadehimwhatheis.ＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（宾语）Ｃ（宾补）1.We2.They3.They4.They5.What6.We7.He8.Ikeeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsawthetablethedoorsupperthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.(一)挑出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.(二)挑出下列句中的表语--Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.--Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.--SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.(四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.（二）1.Theyworkhard.主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+间宾+直宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.主+谓1HespeaksEnglishverywell.2Heisplayingunderthetree.3Threethousandpeoplewatchedthegame.4Manymenareworkingthere.5Ifeelmuchbettertoday.6Herjobissellingcomputers.7Ournextstepwastogetrawmaterialsready.8Whetherwe'llgodependsontheweather.9Iheardmynamecalled.10Ithoughthimtobeagoodman.11Makeyourselfathome.12Hiswifehasmadehimwhatheis.13Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.SVOSVSVOSVSVPSVOSVOCSVOSVOCSVOC(S)VOCSVOCSVIoDo除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）为例：Wefoundthehallfull.我们发现礼堂坐满了。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.我们