过热汽温控制系统分析与仿真研究

毕业设计(论文)题目分段串级汽温控制系统性能分析与仿真研究院系自动化系专业班级自动化专业XXXX班学生姓名XXX指导教师于希宁二○一○年六月华北电力大学本科毕业设计（论文）I分段串级汽温控制系统性能分析与仿真研究中文摘要随着我国电力工业的迅速发展，越来越多的高参数大容量机组陆续投产。从发展趋势看,600MW及以上等级的火电机组已成为大电网的主力机组。同时大容量机组的不断增加和电网调度自动化程度的日益提高，对火电厂机组的控制品质提出了更高的要求。主蒸汽温度是锅炉运行中的主要参数,它的高低直接影响锅炉安全稳定运行。锅炉主汽温控制有非线性和时变性。其大延时和大惯性的特点使其一直以来都成为火电厂自动控制的难点。本次毕业设计，针对分段串级汽温控制系统的特点，组成及工作原理进行分析，提出一种适合大迟延对象的并能在实际中得到应用的控制策略后，进行仿真实验，研究其动态特性与鲁棒性。关键字：过热器，分段控制，串级控制，过热汽温，控制策略华北电力大学本科毕业设计（论文）IISteamtemperaturecascadecontrolsub-systemperformanceanalysisandsimulationAbstractWithChina'spowerindustrydevelopingrapidly,moreandmorelarge-capacityhigh-parameterunitshaveputintoproduction..Fromthedevelopmenttrend,above600MWunitwillbecomeamainunitofthepowergridsinthefuture.Withtheincreasingofthelarge-capacityunitandtheincreasingdegreeofautomationoftheschedulinggrid,itisahigherdemandtothequalitycontrolofthethermalpowerplantunit.Supercriticalgeneratingunitsisthedevelopmentoflarge-capacitygeneratingunitsinChinawillalsobecomethemainforceunits.Themainsteamtemperatureisthemainparametersintheboileroperation,whichaffectthesafeandstableoperationofboilerdirectly.Thecontrolofmainsteamtemperatureintheboilerisnonlinearandtimevariability.Itisverydifficulttocontrolforthelargedelayandtheinertiaofitscharacteristics.Inthispaper,wefocusedonthecharacteristics,composition,andtheprinciplesanalysisofmainsteamtemperaturecontrolsystemandandproposeacontrolstrategythatfitsthelargedelaycontrolststemandcanbeappliedinpractice.Then,wemustconductthesimulationanddynamicperformanceanalysis.Keywords:superheater，segmentcontrol，cascadecontrol，superheatedsteamtemperature，controlstrategy华北电力大学本科毕业设计（论文）目录中文摘要..........................................................................................................................................IAbstract..........................................................................................................................................II第一章绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1电力行业发展现况..................................................................................................................11.2课题内容和背景......................................................................................................................11.2.1汽包炉主汽温控制系统的工艺流程...................................................................................11.2.2直流锅炉主汽温控制系统的工艺流程...............................................................................21.2.3过热器的分段控制策略.....................................................................................................21.2.4过热汽温控制的意义及控制难点.......................................................................................21.2.5串级控制策略.......................................................................................................................31.3本文的研究内容......................................................................................................................4第二章主汽温热力系统及控制策略分析...................................................................................52.1直流炉与汽包炉汽温控制系统的区别..................................................................................52.2过热器的工艺流程..................................................................................................................52.3汽温调节对象的动态特性......................................................................................................62.4过热汽温的分段控制策略......................................................................................................72.5主汽温控制的任务分配..........................................................................................................82.6串级控制系统的概述..............................................................................................................92.7串级汽温调节系统................................................................................................................11第三章主汽温控制策略...........................................................................................................133.1概述........................................................................................................................................133.2模糊控制论............................................................................................................................143.3神经网络控制及其与模糊控制的结合.................................................................................153.4Smith预估器.......................................................................................................................16第四章分段串级控制系统的工程实现.....................................................................................174.1过热汽温控制系统SAMA图..............................................................................................174.2过热汽温控制连锁逻辑........................................................................................................194.2.1一级减温喷水控制逻辑.....................................................................................................