高考英语新增分大一轮复习渐进写作全辑StepOne第6讲言简意赅的非谓语动词讲义牛津译林版

1第6讲言简意赅的非谓语动词在写作中，如果出现太多的简单句，会让人觉得单调乏味，水平不高；而如果出现太多的复合句会让人觉得读起来费劲。所以适当地使用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不但显得句式丰富，而且提升了文章的档次。一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句运用非谓语动词转换简单句可采用“三步法”。第一步：写出两个简单句。(1)Ifeltquitesorryforthat.(2)Ibegantothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.第二步：根据两个简单句的意思找出两个句子的对接点，让一个简单句作为主句，另一个简单句用非谓语动词进行改写。让句(2)作为主句，用非谓语动词改写句(1)。第三步：根据主句主语和动词之间的关系来确定用何种非谓语动词。主句的主语是I，与动词felt之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。Feelingquitesorryforthat，Ibegantothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.即时训练1用非谓语动词转换简单句1.Consequently，someviewersbegantoturnawayfromcinemas.Itledtoaslowergrowth.(2017·江苏)→Consequently，someviewersbegantoturnawayfromcinemas，leadingtoaslowergrowth.2.TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseum.Itislocatedinthenorthofourcity.(2017·全国Ⅱ)→TheexhibitionwillbeheldintheCityMuseum，locatedinthenorthofourcity.3.We’llhaveabigfeasttogether.Wegatheraroundthetableandprayfornextyear’sgoodluck.→We’llhaveabigfeasttogether，gatheringaroundthetableandprayingfornextyear’sgoodluck.二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句2相对于用非谓语动词转换简单句，转换复合句要简单一些，只需要两步。因为需要转换的一般是从句部分，只需根据主句的主语和从句动词的关系判断用何种非谓语动词，再确定好时态和语态就可以了。第一步：写出复合句Sinceyouhaverealizedthatyourtimeislimited，you’llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.第二步：把since引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，you与realize之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。Havingrealizedthatyourtimeislimited，you’llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.即时训练2用非谓语动词转换复合句1.Wecansetoutearlysothatwe’llhavemoretimetoselectbooks.→Tohavemoretimetoselectbooks，wecansetoutearly.2.Johnwasabsorbedinpainting，sohedidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.→Absorbedinpainting，Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.3.WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher，Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeingacarrunningtowardsher，Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.三、非谓语动词的常用句型1.remaintobedone有待于被……Itremainstobeseenwhetherthisplanwillbenefitthestudentsornot.这个计划是否对学生们有好处，还需要拭目以待。2.疑问词＋todoToallofyou，freshstudents，howtoadaptyourselftothenewenvironmentisthefirstthingthatyouhavetoface.对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是必须要面对的首要问题。3.beeasy/difficult...todo...做……容易/困难……Ihearthatournewteacheriseasytogetalongwith.我听说我们的新老师很容易相处。4.prefertodo...ratherthando.../wouldratherdo...thando.../woulddo...ratherthando...宁愿做……，而不愿做……Nowadayssometeenagersprefertochatwithstrangersonlineratherthantalkwith3theirparentsfacetoface.如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈，也不愿与父母面对面谈话。5.连词when/while/once/unless/although...＋doing/doneWhilevisitingtheartexhibition，wediscussedthegreatartists’works.参观艺术展时，我们讨论了伟大的艺术家的作品。(2016·天津)6.havingdone...已经……Havingspentnearlyallourmoney，wecouldn’taffordtostayatahotel.几乎把所有的钱都花完了，我们没有钱住宾馆了。7.bydoing...通过做……Moreover，bydoingthepart-timejobIcangetsomepreciousexperiencesothatIcanbetteradapttothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.而且，通过做兼职工作，我能获得一些宝贵的经验，以便能更好地适应社会的发展和变化。8.onlytodosth.(表示出乎意料的结果)Theyhurriedtotheclassroom，onlytofindthatallthestudentshadleft.他们匆忙赶到教室，却发现所有学生都离开了。9.judgingby/from...根据……判断Judgingfromwhathesaid，wecouldtellthathewasnotanhonestman.根据他说的话，我们可以判断他不是一个诚实的人。10.comparedwith/to...与……比较Thereisclearevidencethatchildrenwhotakemusiclessonsdevelopabettermemorycomparedwithchildrenwhohavenomusicaltraining.有明显的证据表明，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。11.besaid/reported/considered...todo...据说/报道/认为……Theirclassissaidtohavebeenchosentotakepartinthecomingceremony.据说他们班已经被选中参加即将到来的典礼。12.非谓语动词在独立主格结构中的使用Muchtimespentsittingatadesk，officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.坐办公室的人花大量时间坐在桌旁，常被健康问题所困扰。13.with＋宾语＋宾语补足语OurChineseteachercameintotheclassroom，withsomebooksinherhand.我们的语文老师进了教室，手里拿着一些书。即时训练3用非谓语动词完成句子1.与传统的相比，它们有三个新的独特功能。4Comparedto/withthetraditionalones，theyhavethreenewuniquefunctions.2.完成了她的项目后，她应学校邀请给新生演讲。Havingfinishedherproject，shewasinvitedbytheschooltospeaktothenewstudents.3.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass，withhiseyesfixedontheblackboard.四、在写作中使用非谓语动词时的常见错误1.现在分词和过去分词误用误MymotherlikesreadingthenovelswritingbyMoYan.正MymotherlikesreadingthenovelswrittenbyMoYan.误Ourteacherwasstandingthere，withhereyesfixingonmymobilephone.正Ourteacherwasstandingthere，withhereyesfixedonmymobilephone.2.“be＋adj.＋todo”结构的误用误Mostofusthinkthatthissentenceishardtobeunderstood.正Mostofusthinkthatthissentenceishardtounderstand.误Thenewstudentishardtogetalong，whichmakesusupset.正Thenewstudentishardtogetalongwith，whichmakesusupset.3.逻辑主语使用不当误Whilecleaningthefloor，herfingerwasalittlehurt.正Whilecleaningthefloor，shegotherfingeralittlehurt.正Whileshewascleaningthefloor，herfingerwasalittlehurt.4.不定式符号to使用不当误Whilewewerehavingarest，Ihadmysistertobuysomefood.正Whilewewerehavingarest，Ihadmysisterbuysomefood.误Whilewewerehavingarest，Igotmysisterbuysomefood.正Whilewewerehavingarest，Igotmysistertobuysomefood.综合演练Ⅰ.用非谓语动词完成句子1.我很荣幸被邀请到这里来发言。Ithinkitagreathonortobeinvitedheretospeak.52.饭菜上来后，先让长辈品尝，因为在中国长者很受尊重。(2018·全国Ⅰ)TheseniorsareusuallythefirsttotastethefoodservedonthetablebecausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.3.得知我们图书馆要买书，我想给一些建议。Knowingthatourlibraryisgoingtobuybooks，I’dliketogivesomesuggestions.4.我们坐在一起吃月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。Wesittogetherandeatmooncakesandfruit，sharingourstories.5.这部电影将在星期天下午放映，从4点到6点持续两个小时。(2018·全国Ⅱ)ThefilmwillbeshownthisSundayafterno