高考语法填空专项训练——介词(真题版)

语法填空专项训练---介词介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在高考中都两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词)，主要考点：1.时间at,in,on时间点和时间段by不迟于，到……时为止after在……之后before在……之前for一段时间during在……期间within在……期间，不超过since自从…throughout贯穿……期间until/till直到from…to…从……到between在…之间over在……期间，过完一段时间2.方位into进入outof从……出来(a)round围饶着或在……的各处along沿着towards向或朝着to到或向from从up沿……而上off从……离开或下来at朝着或向着for到…去down沿..而下at在某一点或在(某物)旁in在某一范围内on在某物的表面上between在(两者)之间above在……的上头或高出below在…下面或低于among在(多者)之中around在……周围inside在……的里面outside在……的外面before在……之前behind在……的后面over在……的上方或上面under在……的下面或下方；beside/by在……的旁边near在……的附近beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围)across在……的对面或那一边against靠着across从一边到另一边by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过over从某人或某物的上空经过through从某事物的里面经过。3.原因becauseof,owingto,dueto,for,with,at(at常放在情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后原因，相当于“听到或看到”)等。4.方式、方法或手段By乘、坐、骑(接交通工具),靠、通过in用(某种语言或材料，如墨水,抽象的文具inink,inpen,inpencil等)with用(具体的工具)，和……一起；伴随through通过(实践或书本)等。5.“除……外”except,besides,but,exceptfor等。6.“数量”about(大约),around(大约),over(超过)等“关于”on,about等；“所属”“部分与整体关系”of(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度by以及as(当作，作为)，like(像…一样)等。7.能接复合宾语的介词with和without8.短语中的介词。“动词+介词”短语，lookafter,carefor，congratulateon等；“动词+副词+介词”短语catchupwith,getonwith,workhardat,dowellin等；“动词+名词+介词”takeareof,takenoticeof等；“名词+介词”，effecton,congratulationson等。解题技巧：1.什么情况下可能是填介词？我们首先必须知道两点：(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。2.应该填哪个介词？在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当。另外，以下几条思路对解题非常用：(1)由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定。[例1]Hewasverytired_______doingthisforawholeday...分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，“因……而累”，betiredfrom也是固定短语，故也可填from。(2)由所处句型的特殊需要来确定。[例2]ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife._____theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.分析：因theseproverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的这些成语故事的背后常常趣的故事”，“在……背后”，用介词behind。(3)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)只能是with或without。[例3]Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace__with____herfootwoundedsomuch.(福建)(4)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填。[例4]…thevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowhoshouldhavethehonorofreceivingme______aguestintheirhouse.分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，“当作，作为”用介词as。一、单句填空：用适当填空。1.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sank___________achair.(安徽)2.Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you’dbetterleave___________thebackdoor.(北京)3.Agreatmanshowshisgreatness___________thewayhetreatslittlemen.(福建)4.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_________herfootwoundedsomuch.(福建)5.IlikeMr.Miner’sspeech;itwasclearand_______________thepoint.(辽宁)6.Let’slearntousetheproblemwearefacing_________astepping-stonetofuturesuccess.(宁夏)7.ModernequipmentandnosmokingaretwoofthethingsIlike____________workinghere.(全国Ⅱ)8.Ibegantofeel_____________homeinthenewschoolwhenIsawsomefamiliarfaces.(山东)9.Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccess______________herwildestdreams.(陕西)10.Everythingwasperfectforthepicnicexcept_______________theweather.(浙江)11.Thisisajuniorschool.Youshouldgotoaseniorschool___________girlsofyourage.(北京)12.Although_________myopinion,theoldprofessordidn’tcomeupwithhisown.(福建)13.______thesilenceofthepauses,wecouldheareachother’sbreathingandcouldalmosthearourownheartbeats.(湖南)14.Scientistsareconvinced_________thepositiveeffectoflaughter______physicalandmentalhealth.(江西)15.Expertshavebeenwarning_________sometimeofthehealthriskscausedbypassivesmoking.(江西)16.Themanagersuggestedanearlierdate______themeeting.(全国I)17.Somepeoplechoosejobsforotherreasons_________moneythesedays.(全国II)18.Somestudentsoftenlistentomusic______classestorefreshthemselves.(四川)19.Theopen-aircelebrationhasbeenputoffbecause______thebadweather.(浙江)20.Sorry,Madam.You’dbettercometomorrowbecauseit’s_________thevisitinghours.(福建)21.It’squite__________mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.(安徽)22.---It’satopsecret.---Yes,Isee.Iwillkeepthesecret________youandme.(上海)23.Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious______howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.(辽宁)24.Aftertheearthquake,theinjuredwerecared______inthelocalhospitalsortakentothehospitalsintheneighboringcities.(江西)25.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but______theotherhandIenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.(浙江)26.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefond__________playingtennisnowadays.(上海)27.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor______caseyoulockyourselfoutoneday.(北京)28.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,__________whichtherewon’tbemuchwork.(上海)29.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,______whichNewYorkisanexample.(四川)30.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_________whichappearedararerainbowsoon.(福建)31.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,______whentheeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.(山东)32.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,______whichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.(江苏)二、语篇模拟：用适当填空。FathersDayoccursonthe3rdSundayinJune.Theideaforcreatingaday1___childrentohonortheirfathersbeganinSpokane,Washington.Awoman2____thenameofSonoraSmartDoddthought3_____theideaforFather'sDaywhilelisteningtoaMother'sDaysermon4____1909.Havingbeenraised5_____herfather,HenryJacksonSmart,afterhermotherdied,So