高中名词性从句讲解与练习(包含答案)

1名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词类别词义在从句中的作用that无任何词义仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句子成分；一般可以省略，但是在句首不可省略。if和whether意为“是否”，表明从句意义的不确定性起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句子成分关系代词：who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever有各自自身的意义起连接作用，并在从句中充当主、表、宾、定语等关系副词：when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever有各自自身的意义起连接作用，并在从句中充当状语（二）主语从句1.主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.2.that引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.3.用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。It+系动词+形容词+that从句.necessary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,clear...It+系动词+名词+that从句.apity,ashame,afact,nowonder...It+be+动词ed+that从句.said,told,reported,suggested,considered....It+特殊动词+that从句.seem,turnout,appear,matter...e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.4.whether引导的主语从句可放句首，而if引导的主语从句不能放句首，只能放句末。Whethertheworkedcanbecompletedontimeisdoubtful.2Itisdoubtfulwhether/iftheworkcanbecompleted.（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.3.一般不用if引导表语从句，用whether.Thequestioniswhetherwecanreducethecostoftheproduct.4.其他连接词：asif,asthough,because,as,like.Itsoundsasif/thoughhehasbeenreallyill.5.主语为reason：表语从句中的连接词要用that，不用why.Thereasonwhyhewasunhappyisthathehaslosthiskeys.6.表语从句中的虚拟语气.（四）宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或whether。e.g.I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework..I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。e.g.Iwonderifitdoesn’train.②用if会引起误解，就要用whether。3e.g.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.③宾语从句中的whether与ornot直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.Idon’tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whether。e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.（五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。1.if一般不引导同位语从句。2.引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.3.定语从句和同位语从句的区别：A:that引导的两种从句的区别：(1)定语从句说明名词的性质，特征，来源；同位语从句说明名词所表示的具体内容。(2)定语从句中that充当成分，而同位语从句中that只是连词，不充当成分，也不能省略，也不能用which替代。(3)同位语从句的先行词往往使含有某种信息的词：message,news,fact,hope,problem,suggestion....(4)判断方法：凡是同位语从句，皆可以改为：Thenews/idea/thoughtisthat....的结构，而定语从句4不可以。Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameexcitedusall.=Thenewswasthatourteamwonthegame.Thenewsthattheradiobroadcastthismorningisnottrueatall.B:who,whom,whose,when,where,why引导的两种从句的区别：引导的定语从句指代前面先行词所表示的人，物，时间，地点，原因。在同位语从句中，表疑问。IwillcherishthetimewhenIwontheprize.Ihavenoideawhenhewontheprize.练习：名词性从句一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.2.Thetruththattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.3.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.4.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.5.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.6.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.7.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.8.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.9.DoyouremembertheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishatmiddleschool?10.Iwonderwhysherefusedmyinvitation.二、用适当的连词填空：1.Ican’tdecide____________dictionaryIshouldbuy.2.That’s____________herefusedmyinvitation.3.Iamveryinterestedin____________hehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.4.____________weneedismoretime.5.Thefact____________shehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.6.____________and____________theywillmeethasnotbeendecidedyet.7.Pleasetellme____________youarewaitingfor.8.Isthat____________youarelookingfor?9.Wouldyoupleasetellme____________thenearestpostofficeis?10.Idon’tknow____________hewillagreetotheplanornot.三、选择填空：1.Doyousee_____Imean?A.thatB./C.howD.what2.Tellme_____isonyourmind.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why3.Wemuststickto_____wehaveagreedon.A.whatB.thatC./D.how4.Letmesee_____.A.thatcanIrepairtheradioB.whetherIcanrepairtheradioC.IcanrepairtheradioD.whethercanIrepairtheradio5.Keepinmind_____.5A.thattheteachersaidB.whatdidtheteachersayC.thatdidtheteachersayD.whattheteachersaid6.Couldyouadviseme_____?A.whichbookshouldIreadfirstB.whatbookshouldIreadfirstC.thatbook1shouldreadfirstD.whichbookIshouldreadfirst7.Hewascriticizedfor_____.A.hehaddoneitB.whathehaddoneC.whathadhedoneD.thathehaddoneit8.Wouldyoukindlytellme_____?A.howcanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStationB.howIcangettotheBeijingRailwayStationC.wherecanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStationD.whethercanIgettotheBeijingRailwayStation9.Mrs.Smithwasverymuchimpressedby_____.A.whathadsheseeninChinaB.thatshehadseeninChinaC.whatshehadseeninChinaD.whichhadsheseeninChina10.Wetookitforgranted___A.thattheywerenotcomingB.thatweretheynotcomingC.theywerecomingnotD.weretheynotcoining11.Ireallydon'tknow_____A.IshoulddonextB.whatshouldIdonextC.whatIshoulddonextD.howIshoulddonext12.I'mafraid_____.A.thelittlegirlwillhavetobeoperatedonB.thatwillthelittlegirlhavetooperateonC.thelittlegirlwillhavetooperateonD.thatwillthel