外研社高一英语必修1的语法知识总结及练习题

一、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征、状态。当主语是非第三人称单数时，行为动词要发生相应的变化。一般现在时的用法及特点:1）、表示经常或者反复发生的动作.如:我每天吃午饭.Ihaveluncheveryday.2）、还表示现在存在的一种状态.如：我姐姐是一位老师．Mysisterisateacher.3）、客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。4）、一般现在时态经常与often（经常）sometimes（有时）always（总是）usually（通常）等频率词连用，也经常与everyday（每天）,everyweek（每周）,everymonth（每月）,everyterm（每学期）,everyyear（每年）,onceaweek（一周一次），twiceayear（一年两次）等表示时间的词连用。5)、第三人称单数问题一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。1、当主语不是第三人称单数时，结构是：肯定句:主语＋行为动词原形＋其他WespeakChinese.否定句:主语＋don’t＋行为动词原形＋其他Wedon’tspeakChinese.一般疑问句：Do＋主语＋行为动词原形＋其他？DoyouspeakChinese?肯定回答：Yes，主语＋doYes,wedo.否定回答：No，主语＋don’tNo,wedon’t.2、当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词不能用原形了，而是要相应的变化，其变化规则是：动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。1）、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。如：①stop－stops[s];make－makes[s]②read－reads[z];play－plays[z]2）、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz]如：fly－flies[z]；carry－carries[z]study－studies[z];worry－worries3）、以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz]如：teach－teaches[iz];watch－watches[iz]4）、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z]如：go－goes[z]do－does[z]其结构是：肯定句：主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他HespeaksEnglish.否定句：主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他Hedoesn'tspeakEnglish.一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形+其他?DoeshespeakEnglish?肯定回答：Yes，主语＋does.Yes,hedoes.否定回答：No，主语＋doesn't.No,hedoesn't.练习题：workwatchcleanwriteteachwashplayreaddoflystudygodrinkcryhavesitSwimmakeruncarryleavearrivejumpcomeSpeakwearwalkbuyhelppacktaketalktellknowlookloveliveeatwantsay1.He________TVeveryevening.(watch)2.Wealways________toschoolonfoot.(go)3.Tom,withhisclassmates,often______footballafterschool.(play)4.Yourshoes_______underthebed.(be)5.______hereand______byme.(come,stand)6.Hisuncleusually_________toworkbybus.(go)7.Ialways______upatsixinthemorning.(get)8.John________likehisfather.(look)．布莱克太太经常在英语上帮助我们。Mrs.blackoften________us________ourenglish.用词的适当形式填空。1.Whattime_________hisfather_________(do)thework?2.He_________(get)upatfiveo’clock.3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What________(do)heusually________(do)afterschool?5.Tom________(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.Kittysometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithherparents.8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons________yourclassmates______(have)onMonday?10.Weoften___________(play)footballintheplayground.三．选择()1._____youhaveabook?A.DoB.AreC.IsD.Have()2.They_________onafarm.A.workingB.isworkC.workD.isworked()3.DoesPeterliketowatchTV?__________.A.Yes,helikeB.No,hedoesn’tC.Yes,he’dlikeD.No,helikes()4.Shedoesn’t__________herhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do()5.How______Mr.Brown_________toAmerica?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes()6.Where’smycamera?I_______it.A.amnotfindingB.amnotseeingC.can’tfindD.can’tlookat()7.How___hegotowork?He____toworkbybike.A.does;goB.do;goesC.do;goD.does;goes()8.___youusuallylateforschool?No,___.A.Do;IamB.Does;notC.Are;I’mnotD.Are;Iaren’t()9._____she_____homeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left()10.Mr.Yang______Englishthisterm.A.teachesourB.teachesusC.teachsusD.teachour填空题1.Lethim_____(play)basketball.2.Everyone_____(know)whathereallylike.3.Tosegirls____(be)mysister.4.Thatgirl_____(call)meevetySunday.5.How___(do)she_____(spell)theword?用括号里面的词的适当形式填空1.Thedesk________(have)fourlegs.2.She__________(do)herhomeworkeveryday.3.“Thisproblemiseasy,”_________(say)Ann.4.He________(live)inShijiazhuang.5.He_________(need)apairofshoes.6.DoesDanny_________(see)theappletree?7.She__________(come)fromAmerica.8.Thegirl______(look)outofthewindowandseesmanybirdsinthesky.9.Jennyrunshomeand_________(sit)onthechair.10.Thetrain_________(leave)at10:13inthemorning.11.Thathat_________(look)likeacat.12.Danny__________(hurt)hisnose.13.Danny__________(fall)andbreakshistail.14.Dannyandhermothersometimes__________(go)forawalkaftersupper.15.Mymother_______(walk)totheofficeeveryday.5)、用括号里所给词的适当形式，写出下列句子的否定句。1.Thedesk_________________(have)fourlegs.2.She__________(do)herhomeworkeveryday.3.Danny____________(fall)andbreakshistail.4.He____________(live)inShijiazhuang.5.He___________(need)apairofshoes.6.Danny______________(see)theappletree.7.She______________(come)fromAmerica.8.Mymotherandfather_____________(walk)totheofficeeveryday.9.Dannyandhermothersometimes_____________(go)forawalkaftersupper.10.Thetrain____________(leave)at10:13am.11.Thathat_____________(look)likeacat.12.Danny____________(hurt)hisnose.二、现在进行时现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”，是指在说话时动作正在进行中。现在进行时的构成是:主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式第一人称单数I+am+doing+Sth.第一人称复数We+are+doing+Sth.第二人称单(复)数You+are+doing+Sth.第三人称单数He（She，it）+is+doing+Sth.第三人称复数They+are+doing+Sth.肯定句:主语+be（is/am/are）+现在分词否定句：主语+be（is/am/are）+not+现在分词一般疑问句:be（is/am/are）+主语+现在分词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+Sth?变化规则1.直接+ing(例：sleep+ingsleeping)2.去掉不发音的e+ing(例：bite-e+ingbiting)3.重读闭音节，且末尾只有1个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ing(例：sit—sittingbeginning,getting,puttingrun-runningstop-stoppingcut-cuttingcontrol-controlling4.特殊变化：die-dying,lie-lying，tie-tying现在进行时的基本用法：A表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例：Wearewaitingforyou.B.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例：Mr.Greeniswritin