医学信息学课件

2020/1/201了解基本概念能简单的完成任务对这个领域感兴趣教学目标2020/1/202MedicalInformatics：概念与历史医学信息学的定义MedicalInformatics的称谓医疗信息学的历史医学信息学的应用医学信息学的任务医学信息学的从业人员和机构医疗信息学的信息资源2020/1/203医学信息学的定义人们不断用科学和正规简洁的术语来定义这个领域，做出了许多非同一般的尝试。下面我们按照时间顺序，列举出关于MedicalInformatics比较重要的定义1977年，AllanH.Levy将医学信息学定义为“处理与信息有关的问题，医疗卫生服务过程中信息的获取、分析、和传播”是什么？对象工具范围信息：获取、分析、传播医疗卫生服务医学信息学的定义1984年，著名的医学信息学教科书HandbookofMedicalInformatics的作者，荷兰的JanvanBemmel将其定义为：医学信息学由信息处理和通讯的理论和实践两个方面组成，它以医疗和卫生保健过程中所产生的知识和经验为基础。是什么？对象工具范围信息处理和通讯理论和实践知识和经验医疗和卫生保健2020/1/205根据Myers的定义，美国医学院协会（AssociationofAmericanMedicalCollege，AAMC）将MI扩展定义为：医学信息学是关于组织管理医学临床、教育和科研信息的发展中的知识的集合和技术的集合……医学信息学将医学科学、信息科学和计算机科学的相关技术和原理结合起来，为使这些技术和原理能促进医学基础知识的应用，最终提高医疗服务水平提供手段。医学信息学的定义1986年，JackD.Myers将MedicalInformatics定义为：“是一个发展中的知识实体和技术集合，它对支持医学科研、教学和医疗的信息进行组织和管理。”是什么对象工具范围知识和技术信息医学、信息、计算机科学医学：科研、教学、医疗2020/1/206JackD.Myers,MACP,apioneerinmedicalinformatics,amemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesandaformerACPPresidentandRegent,diedJan.31.1998.Hewas84.AfterservingoverseasintheArmymedicalreserves,Dr.MyerswaschairofthedepartmentofmedicineattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Dr.Myerswaswellknownamongtheschool'smedicalstudentsandresidentsforhisthoroughteachingstyleandreceivedACP'sDistinguishedTeachingAwardin1981.Duringthelate1970s,Dr.Myersbeganstudyingthefieldofartificialintelligenceandcomputer-assistedmedicaleducation,andhebecameinvolvedinbuildingdatabasessuchastheQuickMedicalReference.Hecontinuedtocontributetothefieldofmedicalinformaticsalmostuntilhisdeath.Dr.MyersservedasanACPRegentfrom1971-75andPresidentfrom1976-77.HealsoservedonadvisorycouncilsfortheNationalInstitutesofHealth.TheNationalAcademyofSciences,InstituteofMedicine,electedhimtomembershipin1976.JackD.Myers2020/1/2071987，美国国立医学图书馆的DonaldA.B.Lindberg的定义是：“医学信息学试图为将计算机和自动化信息系统应用于生物医学和医疗保健工作提供理论和科学基础……医学信息学研究生物医学情报、数据和知识，它们的存贮、检索和在解决问题和决策中的合理使用。”医学信息学的定义是什么对象工具范围？？？情报、数据、知识的存储、检索和使用计算机、自动化信息系统生物医学、医疗保健2020/1/208DonaldA.B.Lindberg,M.D.,ascientistwhohaspioneeredinapplyingcomputertechnologytohealthcarebeginningin1960attheUniversityofMissouri,in1984wasappointedDirectoroftheNationalLibraryofMedicine,theworld'slargestbiomedicallibrary(annualbudget$275million;690careerstaff).From1992-1995heservedinaconcurrentpositionasfoundingDirectoroftheNationalCoordinationOfficeforHighPerformanceComputingandCommunications(HPCC)intheOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicy,ExecutiveOfficeofthePresident.In1996hewasnamedbytheHHSSecretarytobetheU.S.CoordinatorfortheG-7GlobalHealthApplicationsProject.Inadditiontoaneminentcareerinpathology,Dr.Lindberghasmadenotablecontributionstoinformationandcomputeractivitiesinmedicaldiagnosis,artificialintelligence,andeducationalprograms.BeforehisappointmentasNLMDirector,hewasProfessorofInformationScienceandProfessorofPathologyattheUniversityofMissouri-Columbia.HehascurrentacademicappointmentsasClinicalProfessorofPathologyattheUniversityofVirginiaandAdjunctProfessorofPathologyattheUniversityofMarylandSchoolofMedicine.Dr.LindbergwaselectedthefirstPresidentoftheAmericanMedicalInformaticsAssociation(AMIA).Asthecountry'sseniorstatesmanformedicineandcomputers,hehasbeencalledupontoserveonmanyboardsincludingtheComputerScienceandEngineeringBoardoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,theNationalBoardofMedicalExaminers,andtheCounciloftheInstituteofMedicineoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.2020/1/209Dr.Lindbergistheauthorofthreebooks:TheComputerandMedicalCare;ComputersinLifeScienceResearch;andTheGrowthofMedicalInformationSystemsintheUnitedStates,severalbookchapters,andmorethan200articlesandreports.HehasservedaseditorandeditorialboardmemberofninepublicationsincludingtheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.Dr.LindberggraduatedMagnacumLaudefromAmherstCollegeandreceivedhisM.D.degreefromtheCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons,ColumbiaUniversity.AmongthehonorshehasreceivedarePhiBetaKappa,SimpsonFellowofAmherstCollege,MarkleScholarinAcademicMedicine,SurgeonGeneral'sMedallion,recipientoftheFirstAMANathanDavisAwardforoutstandingMemberoftheExecutiveBranchinCareerPublicService,theWalterC.AlvarezMemorialAwardoftheAmericanMedicalWritersAssociation,thePresidentialSeniorExecutiveRankAward,FoundingFellowoftheAmericanInstituteofMedicalandBiologicalEngineering,theOutstandingServiceMedaloftheUniformedServicesUniversityoftheHealthSciences,FederalComputerWeek'sFederal100Award,ComputersinHealthcarePioneerAward,AssociationofMinorityHealthProfessionsSchoolsCommendation,RCIHighPerformanceComputingIndustryRecognitionAward,U.S.NationalCommissiononLibrariesandInformationScienceSilverAward,CouncilofBiologyEditorsMeritoriousAward,HHSMeritoriousServiceAward,MedicalLibraryAssociationPresident'sAward,FellowoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience,andhonorarydoctoratesfromAmherstCollege,theStateUniversityofNewYorkatSyracuseandtheUniversityofMissouri-Columbia.2020/1/20101990，M.S.Blois和EdwardH.Shortliffe,在JAMA上发表的著名文章中，认为“医学信息学是一个迅速增长的科学领域，研究如何存贮、检索和合理使用为解决问题和决策所必需的生物医学信息、数据和知识。医学信息学的定义是什么对象工具范围科学学科信息、数据和知识现代信息技术：计算和通讯生物医学科学的基础和应用随后，Shortliffe在自己的教科书MedicalInformati