25神经系统

NervousSystemBasicneuralrootsRoot•encephal/o•myel•Medulla•Cerebr/o•Cerebel/o•thalamiMeaning•Brain•Marrow,spinalcord•Marrow脊髓•Cerebrum大脑•Cerebellum小脑•Thalamus丘脑Words•Encephalitis•Encephalomyelitis•Medullary•Cerebral•Cerebrovascular•Spinothalamic•脑炎•脑脊髓炎•髓质的•大脑的•脑血管的•脊髓丘脑的Basicneuralroots•Mening/o•Spin/o•Kinesia•Ax/o•Dendr/o•path•Membrane脑膜•Spine•Motor•Axon轴，轴突•Dendrite树突•illnessWords•Meningitis•Meningocele•Spinocerebellum•Cerebrospinal•Hypokinesia•Axoplasm•epitheliodendritic•脑膜炎•脑膜膨出•脊髓小脑•脑脊髓的•运动过少•轴质•上皮树突的Basicneuralroots•Vag/o•Psych/o•Neur•Gangli•Phobia•Radicul•plex•Vagus迷走•Mind•Nerve•Ganglion神经节•Panic恐怖•Radicle神经根•Plexus神经丛Words•Vagotomy•Psychopathology•Neuralgia•Ganglioneuroma•Algophobia•Radiculmyelopathy•plexiform•迷走神经切断术•精神病理学•神经痛•神经节瘤•疼痛恐怖•脊髓脊神经根病•丛状的ExercisesⅠ•Encephalitis•Encephalomyelitis•Gangliocyte•Meningitis•Neurology•Cerebral•Meningocele•neuralgia•A.inflammationofmembrane•B.ganglioncell•C.pertainingofthecerebrum•D.inflammationofthebrain•E.herniaofthemembrane•F.inflammationofthebrainandmarrow•G.nervedisease•H.thestudyofnerveExercisesⅡ•Axonopathy•Ganglioneuroma•Vagotomy•Hyperkinesia•Hemophobia•Radiculitis•Plexitis•radiculagia•A.inflammationofplexus•B.bloodterrorist•C.axondisease•D.inflammationofradicle•E.paininradicle•F.incisionintothevagus•G.excessivemotor•H.ganliontumorGeneralIntroductionofNervousSystem一、ClassificationoftheNervousSystemcentralnervoussystembrainspinalcordperipheralnervoussystemcranialnervesspinalnervescentralnervoussystem•Brain•spinalcordCoronalaxis(冠状面)Sagittalaxis(矢状面)Thebrain•端脑Telencephalon•间脑Diencephalon•小脑Cerebellum•脑干Brainstem脑干thebrainstem•中脑Midbrain•脑桥Pons•延髓Medullaoblongata中脑Midbrain•大脑脚底cerebralpeduncle•脚间窝interpeduncularfossa中脑Midbrain•上丘Superiorcolliculus•下丘Inferiorcolliculus脑桥Pons•基底部Basilarpart•基底沟Basilarsulcus•小脑中脚MiddlecerebellarpeduncleMedullaoblongata延髓•锥体pyramid:•锥体交叉decussationofpyramid:•橄榄olive:Medullaoblongata延髓–薄束结节Graciletubercle:–楔束结节Cuneatetubercle:–小脑下脚Inferiorcerebellarpeduncle种系发生上：小脑Cerebellum原小脑archicerebellum（古小脑）旧小脑paleocerebellum新小脑neocerebellum前庭小脑vestibulocerebellum：脊髓小脑spinocerebellum：大脑小脑cerebrocerebellum：peripheralnervoussystem脑神经cranialnerves脊神经spinalnerves躯体神经somaticnerves内脏神经visceralnerves传入神经afferentnerves传出神经efferentnerves感觉神经元sensoryneuron运动神经元motorneuron联络神经元associationneuron二、ComponentoftheNervousSystem•CellBodyDendrite树突Axon轴突neuronornervecellpseudounipolarneuronbipolarneuronmultipolarneuron.nervefibers髓鞘myelinsheath施万细胞Schwanncell三、TermsUsedintheNervousSystem中枢部graymatter灰质脑表面皮质cortexwhitematter白质髓质medullanucleus神经核fasciculus纤维束周围部Ganglion神经节四Diseaseneuralgia：神经痛neuritis：神经炎neurology:神经病学neuromyositis：神经肌炎neuromyotonia：神经性肌强直neuropathy：神经病•hypesthesia：感觉减退hypogeusia：味觉减退•spasm：痉挛spasticgait：痉挛步态spasticity：痉挛状态spasticparalysis：痉挛性瘫痪tremor：震颤•prosopagnosia：面容失认［症］pseudoataxia：假［性］共济失调pseudoathetosis：假［性］手足徐动症pseudobulbarparalysis,pseudobulbarpalsy：假［性］延髓性麻痹pseudohypertrophy：假［性］肥大•meningism：假性脑［脊］膜炎meningitis：脑［脊］膜炎meningoencephalitis：脑膜脑炎meningomyelitis：脊膜脊髓炎•mononeuritis：单神经炎monoplegia：单瘫myelitis：脊髓炎myelopathy：脊髓病