第二语言习得的构式语法视角-构式理论与启示

:3(,266061;,210039;,100029):,,,,,:;;;:H319.3:A:1000-0100(2010)02-0107-5SLAfromthePerspectiveofConstructionGrammar:ConstructionTheoryanditsPedagogicalImplicationsLiXiao2huaWangLi2fei(QingdaoUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Qingdao266061,China;NanjingInternationalStudiesUniversity,Nanjing210039,China;UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics,Beijing100029,China)Constructiongrammarattemptstorevealthenature,structureandfunctionsoflanguage.Asatheoreticalsystemoflanguagebasedoncognitivelinguistics,constructiongrammarisareactionaswellasacontrasttothetraditionalgenerativegrammar.Thispapergivesasummaryofthemajorpropositionsofconstructiongrammarandthetheoriesofconstructions.ItanalyzestheimportoftheconstructionsandtheirrelationstoSLAandtheroutesofconstructionacquisitioninSLA,andexplorestheimplicationsoftheconstructiontheoriesinsecondlanguageinstruction,aswellastheorientationsinresearchontherelationsbetweenconstruc2tiongrammarandSLA.Keywords:constructiongrammar;constructiontheory;secondlanguageacquisition;secondlanguageinstruction(Evans&Green2006:1),,(),(constructiongram2mars),1,,(Ellis2003:65),,,,(Langacker1987:57),(:58),(idiomaticity)2080,,,Fillmore,KayOConnor(constructiongrammar),LakoffGoldberg(constructiongrammar),70120102153FOREIGNLANGUAGERESEARCH2010,No.2SerialNo.1533LangackerTaylor(cognitivegrammar)Croft(radicalconstructiongrammar)(Croft2005),(Michaelis&Lambrecht1996),:,,-,(Goldberg1995:4),,,,,,,,,,(usageevents)(Langack2er2000),,(Croft&Cruse2004:225),,,,(instances)(instantia2tions),,,(),,,,,,,,,(Croft&Cruse2004),2ed(Gold2berg1995:3,2006:5),,,,,,,Goldberg:,(something),,,,,,(Goldberg1995:39),,,;,3,(),,,,(),,,,(Croft&Cruse2004:325)Ellis&Bardovi2Harlig,(formula),(low2scopepattern),(Ellis2003,2005;Bardovi2Harlig2002),,,,,(lexicalchunks),,,,(Ellis2002,2003,2005)3.1,(formula)(idiom),,,,,(Wray8012010:22002:465)SinclairCobuild:,(Sinclair1991:110),,,LeechBankofEnglish,,,(Leech2000),,,(Ellis2003),,(Bloom2000),,(chunking)(Ellis2002),,,,,(Biber,Conrad&Reppen1998)3.2,,(scope),(low2scopepat2tern),--,,(slot)(Ilike+Noun;Icant+Verb),,,,,,(Oller2005)(Tomasello1992)(),,,,,,(primitive),(Gold2berg1995:35),,,,,,(Pine,Lieven&Rowland1998:818)3.3,,,,,,,Bybee(Bybee2000),:1),,;2),,;3),,(Ellis2002,Goldberg&Casenhiser2008)3.4,(Evans&Green2006):1),;2)(Warren2005)()(),,,,9012010:2,,Prodromou(idiomaticparadox)(Prodro2mou2003)(Erman&Warren2000:1),HekickedthebucketThepresidentialcandidatethrewinthetowel,,,,,3.5,,,,,;,,,,,,,,(MacWhinney2005),,,,,4,,(1),,,,(2),,,,,,,,,,,,(3),,,,,,,,(4),(),(Hulstijn2004),,,,(Wiktorsson2003),,,,(5),,,Bardovi2Harlig,K.ANewStartingPoint?InvestingFormula2icUseandInputinFutureExpression[J].StudiesinSecondLanguageAcquisition,2002(24).Biber,D.,S.Conrad,&R.Reppen.CorpusLinguistics:InvestigatingLanguageStructureandUse[M].Cam2bridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1998.Bloom,P.HowChildrenLearntheMeaningsofWords[M].Cambridge,MA:MITPress,2000.Bybee,J.&S.Thompson.ThreeFrequencyEffectsinSyn2tax[J].BerkeleyLinguisticSociety,2000(23).Croft,W.LogicalandTypologicalArgumentsforRadicalConstructionGrammar[A].InJan2Ola;stman&Mir20112010:2jamFried(eds.).ConstructionGrammars:CognitiveGroundingandTheoreticalExtensions[C].Amsterdam:JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany,2005.Croft,W.A.&D.A.Cruse.CognitiveLinguistics[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,2004.Ellis,N.C.FrequencyEffectsinLanguageProcessing:AReviewwithImplicationsforTheoriesofImplicitandEx2plicitLanguageAcquisition[J].StudiesinSecondLan2guageAcquisition,2002(24).Ellis,N.C.Constructions,Chunking,andConnectionism:TheEmergenceofSecondLanguageStructure[A].InC.J.Doughty&M.Long.eds.TheHandbookofSec2ondLanguageAcquisition[C].Oxford:BlackwellPub2lishingLtd,2003.Ellis,N.C.AttheInterface:DynamicInteractionsofExpli2citandImplicitLanguageKnowledge[J].StudiesinSecondLanguageAcquisition,2005(27).Erman,B.&B.Warren.TheIdiomPrincipleandtheOpenChoicePrinciple[J].Text20,2000(1).Evans,V.&M.Green.CognitiveLinguistics:AnIntroduc2tion[M].Edinburgh:EdinburghUniversityPress,2006.Goldberg,A.E.Constructions:AConstructionGrammarAp2proachtoArgumentStructures[M].Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress,1995.Goldberg,A.E.ConstructionsatWork:theNatureofGene2ralizationinLanguage[M].NewYork:OxfordUniver2sityPress,2006.Goldberg,A.E.&D.Casenhiser.ConstructionLearningandSecondLanguageAcquisition[A].InPeterRob2inson&NickC.Ellis.eds.HandbookofCognitiveLin2guisticsandSecondLanguageAcquisition[C].NewYorkandLondon:Routledge,2008.Hulstijn,J.H.TheoreticalandEmpiricalIssuesintheStudyofImplicitandExplicitSecond2languageLearning[J].StudiesinSecondLanguageAcquisition,2004(27).Langacker,R.W.FoundationsofCognitiveGrammar.Vol.1:TheoreticalPrerequisites[M].Stanford:StanfordU2niversityPress,1987.Langacker,R.W.ADynamicUsage2basedmodel[A].InMichaelBarlow&SuzanneKemmer(eds.).Usage2BasedModelsofLanguage[C].Chicago:ChicagoUni2versityPress,2000.MacWhinney,B.AUnifiedModelofLanguageAcquisition[A].InJKroll&A.DeGroot(eds.).HandbookofBilingualism:PsycholinguisticApproaches[C].Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,2005.Michaelis,L.A.&K.Lambrecht.TowardaConstruction2bas