大学英语四级选词填空技巧

四级考试概况四级阅读考试题型介绍考试时间试卷构成2017.12.16上午9：00-11：20考试时间试卷构成（共710分）写作15%听力理解35%阅读理解35%翻译15%所占分值比例为15%考试时间30分钟提供的信息提纲、情景、图片或图表120-180字写作听力（30minutes）短篇新闻3段长对话2篇听力篇章3篇阅读（40分钟）5%10%20%选词填空匹配题选择题单选词汇理解长篇阅读仔细阅读翻译段落翻译（汉译英）15%30分钟选词填空篇章长度为200-250词。要求考生阅读一篇删去若干词汇的短文，然后从所给的选项中选择正确的词汇填空，使短文复原。匹配题采用1篇较长篇幅的文章，总长度约1000词。阅读速度约每分钟100词。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。选择题2篇为多项选择题型的短文理解测试，每篇长度为300-350词。阅读01选词填空题型简介02选词填空解题步骤和技巧03真题分析04平时如何提高选词填空技能选词填空01近义词辨析不多02固定搭配不多03词性辨析比较容易04首句不设空；一句不设两空选词填空特点01第一句话完整，常为句子大意0215选10，常考名词，动词，副词，形容词03关键是从语法角度确定选词处的词性，然后进行辨别04篇章选词=语法+词性选词填空考点01通读全文02整理选项03选词填空04复读全文，谨慎调整选词填空的解题步骤第一步：通读全文(1分钟)•通读全文是用较快速度，一行一行地读，目的是把握至少90%的文章内容。•要先了解文章大意，带着文章脉络去找选项。所以，务必先沉着地把文章读一遍，尤其注意空格前后的位置，为寻找正确选项打下铺垫。第二步：整理选项•标出15个选项的词性，名词前写n,动词前写v等等。目前•四级考试只考实词中的四种：名词,动词，形容词，副词。不考代词和数词；也不考虚词（冠词,介词,连词,感叹词）标注词性时注意的问题•1.不认识的单词看词缀•2.认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性（比如challenge,change,display作名词和动词都很常见，都要标出来）•3.动词归类要分为V.V-ed.V-ing。根据语法判断具体的形式。•4.选项中出现一组近义词或者反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解。•标词性时的切入点是后缀，也就是词尾。•以-ion,-age,-ness,-ship,-ance,-ence,-ency,-dom结尾的大都是名词；•以-ize,-ise,-fy结尾的大都是动词；•以-ive,-ent,-ful,-ous,-ble,-cal,-less结尾的是大都是形容词；•以-ly结尾的大都是副词。•eg:exclusively唯一地；专有地relatively相当地；相对地(2017.06)abnormal反常的，不规则的brieflyslightlytraditional(2016)第三步：选词填空•1.判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性，缩小正确选项的范围•（1）动词的确定•Inparticular,whenolderpatients_____(complain)ofpain,theyweretolditwasanaturalpartofagingandtheywouldhavetolearntolivewithit.•That'swhyagrowingnumberofhospitalsnowdependonphysicianswho____(specialize)inpainmedicine.•(2)名词的确定•名词主要做主语/宾语•形容词或名词都可以修饰名词•限定词（the,this,that,a,my之类）后必有名词•介词后面必有名词或相当于名词的词•定语从句前面是名词•Educationsoonbecamea_____.(nightmare)•Asthetradelessenin______...(strength)•（3）形容词的确定•名词的前面•...womenare______customers.•副词的后面•EINinobroughtthemost_____weatherinmodernhistory.(4)副词的确定1.动词的附近（前面或后面）...students____outperformtheirpeers......jobsthatusedtobedone___bywomen...2.形容词的前面...buttheyarestillnot____surewhatleadstoit...3.句子的前面Not___,thejuryfoundthembothguilty.第四步：复读全文，谨慎调整•填空完成后，再次复读全文，自我感觉上下文是否通顺，内在逻辑关系是否连贯。如有问题，需要谨慎的微作调整。真题分析Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops(啤酒花)，forexample,whichgivemanyamodernbeeritsbitterflavor,area(26)_____recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasfirstmentionedinreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda(27)_______ingredientinresidue(残留物）from5,000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.WhilediggingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandvessels.Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers(28)_______theywereusedtobrew,filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancient“beer-makingtools,”andtheearliest(29_______evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,theresearchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.To(30)_______thattheory,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,dried(31)_______insidethevessels.Themajorityofthegrains,about80%,werefromcerealcropslikebarley(大麦),andabout10%werebitsofroots,(32)_______lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternEurasiaanddidn'tbecomea(33)_______foodincentralChinauntilabout2,000yearsago,accordingtotheresearchers.Basedonthattiming,theyindicatebarleymayhave(34)_______intheregionnotasfood,butas(35)_______materialforbeerbrewing.(2017)•A)ArrivedB)consumingC)directD)exclusivelyE)includingF)informG)rawH)reachedI)relativelyJ)remainsK)resourcesL)stapleM)suggestN)surprisingO)test•Asifyouneededanotherreasontohatethegym,itnowturnsoutthatexercisecanexhaustnotonlyyourmuscles,butalsoyoureyes.Fearnot,however,forcoffeecanperkthemrightupagain.During1vigorousexercise,ourmusclestireastheyrunoutoffuelandbuildupwasteproducts.Muscleperformancecanalsobeaffectedbya2phenomenoncalledcentralfatigue,inwhichanimbalanceinthebody'schemicalmessengerspreventsthecentralnervoussystemfromdirectingmusclemovements3effectively.Itwasnotknown,however,whethercentralfatiguemightalsoaffectmotorsystemsnotdirectly4involvedintheexerciseitself—suchasthosethatmovetheeyes.Tofindout,researchersgave11volunteersacarbohydrate5solutioneitherwithamoderatedoseofcaffeine—whichisknowntostimulatethecentralnervoussystem—orasaplacebowithout,during3hoursof6cycling.Afterexercising,thescientiststestedthecyclistswitheye-trackingcamerastoseehowwelltheirbrainscouldstill7controltheirvisualsystem.Theteamfoundthatexercisereducedthespeedofrapideyemovementsbyabout8%,8preventingtheirabilitytocapturenewvisualinformation.Thecaffeine—theequivalentoftwostrongcupsofcoffee—was9sufficienttocounteractthiseffect,withsomecyclistsevendisplaying10increasedeyemovementspeeds,theteamreportstodayinScientificReports.Soitmightbeagoodideatogetsomeoneelsetodriveyouhomeafterthatmarathon.平时如何提高选词填空技能•1.掌握词汇的多样性特征•2.了解词缀知识，扩充词汇量•3.关注词汇之间的常用搭配•4.分析语篇内的逻辑关系•5.提高自己分析复合句的语法技能•America'sInternetisfasterthaneverbefore,butpeoplestillcomplainabouttheirInternetbeingtooslow.•NewYork'sAttorneyGeneral'soffice__26__aninvestigationinthefallintowhetherornotVerizon,CablevisionandTimeWarneraredeliveringbroadbandthat'sasfastastheproviders__27__itis.Earlierthismonth,theofficeaskedforthepublic'shelptomeasuretheirspeedresul