Petrel地质建模手册3

Seismic–DomainConversionObjectives•Qualitycontroltime/depthrelationshipsforwells•Definevelocitymodelintervals•Createanuncorrectedvelocitymodelusingwelldata•Createafinalcorrectedvelocitymodelusingwelldata•Createavelocitymodelwithuncertainty•Depthconverta3DGrid•GeneraldepthconversionOptional:•Createavelocitymodelusingaseismicvelocitycube•Createvelocitymodelusingstackingvelocities(xytvpoint-data)Overview•‘VelocityModeling’isseparatefrom‘DomainConversion’•Interactivelyswitchbetweentimeanddepthforconvertedobjects•Definethevelocitymodelby:-Surfaces/constants-WellTime/DepthRelation-VelocityCubes-3Dgrids•Convertbothwayswiththesamemodel•Convertobjectsindependentofthe3Dgrid•PerformconversionsintheprocessmanagerVelocitymodel–bridgesthegapbetweentimeanddepthdomainTimedomainDepthdomainVelocitymodelTime-depthconversionDepth-timeconversionTheWorkflow•Definevelocitymodel1.Definevelocityintervals(usuallybetweentimeinterpretationsurfaces)2.Definevelocityfunctions(automaticallycalculatedoruser-defined)3.Defineoutput(e.g.velocitycubes,V0andkforQ.C.purposes)•Domainconvertvia1.Rightclickonobject(usescurrently”active”velocitymodel)2.GeneralDepthConversionProcessforMultipleobjects3.3DGridConversion4.WithinaworkflowinProcessmanagerTheProcessVelocityCorrectionsZONESOutputAdvancedDatumDatumVoVo+kzVo+k(z-z0)A:Auto1.Correction(Vo)2.TDR(Vo&k)B:User1.Constant2.SurfaceC:VelocitySEGY(average)D:3DVelocityProperty(average)DatumVoVo+kzVo+k(z-z0)1.Seg-Y2.VelocitySurfaces3.WellDataPoints4.T&Vlogs5.ResidualPoints6.OutputSheet1.Constant2.Surface3.Horizon*4.WellTops1.Constant2.Surface3.Horizon*Ornone1.WelltraceMdinc2.Depth&Timetolerance3.Velocity&kclippingAdditionalSettings++(Gridding&SegYsettings)SavedinModeltabTheexerciseexamplesTime/DepthrelationshipinwellsVelocityCube(SEG-Y)StackingVelocities(Pointdata)VelocityModel1VelocityModel2*VelocityModel3*Active(selected)VelocityModelDomainConversionofobjects*Optionalexercises,seeAttachmentsDefineintervals1.IntheProcesspane,opentheGeophysicsfolderanddouble-clickontheMakeVelocityModel2.Clickthe”Appenditeminthetable”iconasmanytimesasavailableinputobjects3.ChangeBottomIntervaltodesiredtype4.Selectthelevelstomodel,fromInputorModelstab,clickonitsnameanddropitintothedialogboxusingthedropinarrow5.KeeptheCorrectionsettoNone32451Velocitymodelingusingwelldata1.Selecttypeofvelocitymodelforeachinterval.WhenusingtheLinvelfunctionformodelling,constants,surfacesorWellTDRcanbeusedasinput2.SetV0toWellTDR–Surface/Constant3.SetktoWellTDR–Surface/Constant231Velocitymodeling-Output1.OpentheOutputtab2.Clickonthedatatypesneededasoutput215.DefinesGriddingalgorithmsforSurfacesandresolutionforCubes,SurfacesandLogs.2311.OpentheAdvancedtab.2.Checkthat’Wellvelocity’tabisopen.3.PossibletosetMDincrement,depthandtimetoleranceandclippingparametersforV0andk.4.Activate’Outputsettings’tab4Velocitymodeling–AdvancedsettingsVelocitymodelingusingwelldata1.OpenSettingsforWellsandgototheTimetab.SelectCheckshots,WellTopsorcorrectedsoniclogsassourcefortime/depth(movethepreferedsourcetothetop)2.Keeptheparametersforthevelocitymodelthesameasthevaluesshown3.ClickApplyorOKtogeneratethevelocitymodel123Velocitymodelingwithuncertainty1.CreateanewvelocitymodelwithWelltopscorrection,basedonthepreviousvelocitymodel2.ToggleonActivateuncertaintypageicontoinsertaStdDevcolumnundertheVelocitymodeltabandtoactivatetheUncertaintytab.FillinappropriateStdDev.numbers3.GototheUncertaintytabandfillinappropriateVariogramparameters.ToggleonIconizeuncertaintyerrorsurface.ClickApply4.Avelocitymodelcontainingvelocitysurfaceswithuncertaintybuiltintothemisgenerated5.CheckuncertaintystatisticsanddisplaythecorrespondingdeterministicandstochasticV0-surfaces231DeterministicV0-surfaceStochasticV0-surface45Depthconverta3Dgrid1.Makesurethecorrect3DModelisactive2.FromtheProcesstab,underStructuralModeling,openDepthConvert3DGrid3.SelecttheappropriateVelocityModel4.Alternativelychangethepillargeometrytypesforfaultedandnon-faultedpillarsbeforeApplying5.Anew3DModelwillappearintheModelstab,withtheinput3Dgridnameandanextension[DC]34251DepthconvertSeismicdata1.MakesurethecorrectVelocityModelisactive(Boldname).2.Rightclickonthe3Dvolumeandselect’Depthconvertbyactivevelocitymodel’.3.Alternatively,fromtheProcesstab,underGeophysics,opentheGeneralDepthConversionprocess.4.Clickonthe3DvolumenameintheInputtabanddropitintothedialogboxusingtheAppendselecteditemtothelisticon.ClickApply.3412Generaldepthconversion1.MakesurethecorrectVelocityModelisactive(boldtext)2.FromtheInputpane,rightclickontheobjecttobedepthconvertedanduseDepthconvertbyactivevelocitymodel3.Clickingthe+infrontofthedepthconvertedobjectshowsthenowavailabletimeanddepthdomainsfortheobject4.TheTime/depthsettingscanbechangedinthetopToolbar.AlternatebetweenTWTandTVDwhileobservingtheeffectina3DWindow2134Generaldepthconversion5.Alternatively,ortodepthconvertseveralobjects,opentheGeneraldepthconversionprocess6.Selectcorrectvelocitymodelfromthepulldownmenu7.DropintheobjectsbyclickingontheirnamesintheInputpaneandthenontheAppendselecteditemiconint