川西致密含气砂岩的粘土矿物与潜在地层损害

X(,637001)(),,,XRDSEM,;//;//,,,,;;;;P588.223%15%,,,,40,6070,[1],,()[2][3,4](K1.010-3m2)[5],[6],,[7],[8],,1,,,,,500m5500m,30134,24m,XRD(1),J3p7.12%,3.07%12.9%T3x,,,,,J3p//;J2s/;T3x/,T3x2204Vol.20No.4199811JournalofSouthwestPetroleumInstituteNov1998X19980424(96-110-03-04-01),,,1964,,3:3.1:(1);(2);(3);(4);(5);(6),,J3p,,,,(,),,,,0.1%,0.1%,,I/S/,14m%(%)//%S(Ch/S)%S(I/S)J3p16.017.576.794.585.595.094.6613.278.9724.5125.5625.0456.5965.2460.921001002J3p13.0712.97.290.4514.705.633.6915.7010.251.5043.4624.136.4061.3032.1410.0050.0028.162585204034J3p23.849.696.04011.076.266.3023.6515.7921.8855.8738.70024.349.0414.4451.2430.272070254513J2s3.2010.515.165.6737.9520.4613.4771.3143.117.6533.6417.2408.251.136.1049.1818.063040203526J1q5.058.997.1012.6134.7624.3420.6346.1533.097.7060.3132.384.8621.1210.1915308T3x43.797.105.1709.904.7010.1156.7225.4835.6063.1052.597.7045.1017.21253515T3x37.3624.8624.1943.777.18151T3x22.854.463.713.2532.2913.1563.8194.1081.24021.465.611015113.2,,()3.2.1,J3pJ2sJ1q,,5m10m,,J2sJ1qJ3pT3x4T3x2,J2sJ1qT3x4T3x3,J3pT3x215%J3pCh/S,3m,J2s,,(5m20m),5m5m,/Fe2+Mg2+,J3pT3x4,,0.5m1m,20mJ3p,T3x4,/,J3pT3x2,J3p/,;T3x4I/S,/,J3p,,,,J3p1,60.92%,,21998,3.2.2,,,,,,K+,,,,,,,,T3x4T3x2,,Fe2+Mg2+,J3pJ2s,T3x4T3x2,J2s,5m,,:2KAlSi3O8+2K(Fe,Mg)3AlSi3O10(OH)2+11H2O+10H+KAl3Si3O10(OH)2+0.5(Fe,Mg)5Al2Si3O10(OH)8+7.5H4SiO4+3K++3.5(Fe2+,Mg2+)(1),,,,J3pJ2s,,:2KAlSi3O8+2H++H2OAl2Si2O5(OH)4+2K++4SiO2(2)K+I/SISiO2,T3x4T3x2,,[K+]/[H+],,,Si-Al,:3KAlSi3O8+2H+2K++6SiO2+KAl3Si3O10(OH)2(3)4,,,,,,,,[9]4.1,,,EE,,,10m0.1m,50%70%,J3p,;J2s,T3x4T3x2,,,,T3x2T3x4J3p,J2s4.2,FE,40%50%,5m,3m,,,,J3pJ2sJ1qT3x4T3x24.3FF,0.5m,10m,FE,2060,J2s,4.4//,,,,34:,60%80%,J3pJ2s4.5,,,FF,,,J3pJ2s,T3x4T3x24.6,,FF,FE,0.5m,FE,,1m5m,30%J2sJ1q,,4.7,,,,,,J2sJ1q5(1),[10],2,,,2()J3p1J3p1J3p2J2sJ1qT3x4T3x26(1)//(2):/,/,(3)41998,1(4),,(5),1WilsonMD,PittmanED.AuthigenicClaysinSandstones:RecognitionandInfluenceonReservoirPropertiesandPale2oenvironmentalAnalysis.J.SedPetrology,1977,472NeashamJW.TheMorphologyofDispersedClayinSand2stoneReservoirsanditsEffectonSandstoneShaliness,PoreSpace,andFluidFlowProperties.SPE6858,19773,..:,19924,..:,19905WilsonMD.OriginsofClaysControllingPermeabilityinTightGasSands.JPT,1982:287128776WallsJD.TightGasSands-Permeability,PoreStructure,andClay.JPT,1982:270827147,..,1989,11(4):1158,,..,1991,11(4):24289,,..,1998,20(2):72910,..,1995,15(4)()863PEPDA19973863PEPDA,,PEPDA,1998715:PEPDA,,,,PEPDA,,,()()54:JOURNALOFSOUTHWESTPETROLEUMINSTITUTEVol.20No.4Nov1998ABSTRACTCLAYMINERALSANDPOTENTIALFORMATIONDAM2AGEOFTIGHTGAS-BEARINGSANDSTONEINWEST2ERNSICHUANBASINKangYili(SouthwestPetroleumInst)LuoPingya,JiaoDiJSORTHWESTPETROINST,V20,NO4,PP1-5NOV1998(ISSN1000-2634;INCHINESE)Inordertoillustrateformationdamagemechanismoftightgas-bearingsandstoneandworkoutaprotectionschemedur2ingdrillingandcompletion,claymineralsfromJurassictoUp2perTriassicsandstoneinrepresentativegasfieldswerestudied.Thinsection,XRD,andSEMexperimentalmethodswereusedtoanalyzethecontent,type,occurrenceandmicrostructureoftheminerals.Thestudyindicatesthoseclaycontentdecreaseswithincreaseddepth.Therearekaolinite,chlorite,illite,smectite,interlayeredsmectite/chloriteandsmectite/illite.Di2agenitichistoryofthemineralsisasfollows:smectite(interlay2eredsmectite/chlorite(chlorite,smectite(interlayeredsmectite/illite(I,andkaolinite(iillite.Seventypesofclaymicrostructurearerecognizedandthestabilityofclaymicrostructureincreaseswithdepth.Thestudyalsoshowsthatclaysensitivitiesandreservoirtightness,whichisresultedfromtheexistenceofclays,aretheessentialfactorstocauseformationdamage.Inpreventionofformationdamage,themostimportantistosolvetheclayproblems.Comparedwithwateroroilbasedworkingfluids,gasbasedfluidsaresuperiorfordamagepreventionfromclays.KeyWords:TightSandstone,ClayMineral,FormationDamage,ClayMicrostructure,SichuanBasinRESEARCHONEQUATIONOFSTATEAPPLIEDFORSPECIALOILANDGASCONDENSATESYSTEMSZhaoJincheng(SouthwestPetroleumInst)LiShilun,SunLeiJSORTHWESTPETROINST,V20,NO4,PP6-9NOV1998(ISSN1000-2634;INCHINESE)Byanalyzingthecharacteristicsofspecialoilandgascon2densatesystems,anewandapplicablecubicEOS(EquationofState)isexpandedtothespecialoil/gassystems.Bycalculatingpracticaloil/gassystem,anEOSisderived,whichisapplicableforthewiderangesofcomposition,temperatureandpressure.KeyWords:Condensategasandoil;EOS;DewPoint;CriticalProperty;GasComponent,HydrocarbonComposition;PhaseBehaviorStudy.THEAPPLICATIONOFCOMPREHENSIVERESERVOIREVALUATIONINCOMPLICATEDRESERVOIRSLangXiaolinZhaoLiminKangHongquan(ResearchInsti2tuteofPetroleumExplorationandDevelopment,NorthChinaOilfields)JSORTHWESTPETROINST,V20,NO4,PP10-13NOV1998(ISSN1000-2634;INCHINESE)Bymeansofseismicdataprocessing,ELAN-PLUSlog2gingdataprocessing,ROCKCLASSsedimentaryfaciesanaly2sis,IESXseismicdatainteractiveinterpretation,oilandgasdistinctionbyneuralnetworkandReservoirModeling(RM),thereservoircharacteristicsofNugebaareainErlianBasinwerecomprehensivelyevaluated.Basedonthework,thefavorableoil-bearingareasandboundariesofthereservoirhavebeenfig2uredout.Accordingtothestudy,morethan((tho