91定语从句复习

定语从句定义：•先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。•关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。•关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；•关系副词有when,where，why等。专题十│正面解读•关系代词主语宾语定语指人指物ThatWhoWhomWhichwhose一.关系代词二.关系副词When:指时间Where:指地点Why:指原因IwillneverforgetthatdaywhenIjoinedtheparty.Thisisthehousewherehewasborn.Tellmethereasonwhyyouwerelatethismorning.1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词2.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰.序数词(thefirst),形容词最高级(thebest),thevery,theonly等时。3.先行词为人和物的组合4.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。只用that的情况:1、非限制性定语从句中。Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2、在介词之后。Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.只能用which不能that的情况Fillinthegaps:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthat//that//thatthatthat•“使用where而非真实‘地点’”型定语从句•定语从句的先行词是situation,case,point,scene等名词而且从句缺少状语时，要使用where表示“一种特定的……情况”或“一个特定的……场合”。如：•IhavecometothepointwhereIcan'tstandhim.•我已经到了无法容忍他的程度。•He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationwhereheislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.•他发现他到了有可能会失去控制飞机的地步。先行词为case,point,sceneoccasionsituation;并在定语从句中做状语时，关系词用where.1.Icanthinkofmanycases________studentsknewalotofwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay(论文).2.Wearetryingtoreachapoint_______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.3.Let’sthinkofapropersituation_________thissentencecanbeused.wherewherewhere•三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句•作介词宾语的关系代词一般是which和whom，“介词＋which/whom”既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见的有以下几种结构：•1．介词＋关系代词•MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.•＝MandelawastheblacklawyerwhomIwenttoforadvice.•曼德拉是我寻求建议的一位黑人律师。•2．名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词•LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,threeofwhichwereEnglishnovels.•＝LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,ofwhichthreewereEnglishnovels.•上个星期天，我从书店买回几本书，其中三本是英文小说。•3．形容词最高级＋介词＋关系代词•Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。用适当的介词填空：根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定①Thisisthebook_____whichIspent5yuan._____whichIpaid5yuan.______whichIlearntalot.______whichTomoftentalks.onforfromabout②Iremembertheday_____whichIjoinedtheparty.thedays_________whichIlivedhere.themonth_____whichIstayedthere.onduring/inin根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。Intheperson’spocketinwhosepocket.介词+whose+名词Sheistheperson.____________________（在这个人的口袋里）Ifoundmylostwatch.Sheistheperson_______________Ifoundmylostwatch.用介词＋关系代词填空1Theboywasstayingintheroom___________windowhecouldclimbdown.2.He’stheman____________Ilearntthenews.3.Who’sthecomrade____________youjustshookhands.4.Thereare52studentsinourclass,___________nearly40areLeaguemembers.5.Iknowalady，thehusband____________isaNobelPrizewinner.6.Doyouknowthedriverwhocausedthetrafficaccident____________amanwaskilled.7.Thisistheway__________shestudiesEnglish.throughwhosefromwhomwithwhomofwhomofwhominwhichinwhich8.The5yuan_____________heboughtthebookwasgivenbyhisfriend.9.ThestoryaboutShakespeare,_________thisisoneexample,iswellwritten.10.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses__________________hecan’tseeanything.11.Thekey_________shewasopeningthedoorbroke.12.Thelibrary___________weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.13.Nooneknowthereason_____________sheisleavingsoearly.14.Atlasttheycametoariver_____________anewbridgeisbeingbuilt.forwhichofwhichwithoutwhichwithwhichtowhichforwhichoverwhich当先行词受such,thesameso修饰时，关系词常用as。1I’veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.2ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.3ThisisthesamedictionarythatIlostlastweek四As引导的限定性定语从句4Thisisthesamebookas/thatIreadyesterday.5Idon’tlikesuchpeopleastheytalkedaboutjustknow.6.Ihaveneverreadsointerestingabookasyoutalkedabout.四.As引导的定语从句As也可以用来引导定语从句.1.Heisnotsuchamanasonlythinkofhimself.2.IshouldliketousethesamepenasIusedyesterday.3.Suchproblemsasareoftenmentionedshouldbesolved.4.Iwillreadasmanybooksasarerequired.5.Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.6Hereissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit.当先行词与as,so,such,thesame连用或先行词本身是such,thesame时,关系代词用as.As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词/整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主句隔开有that无that五.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作宾语时可以省略不可以省略关系代词as和which引导的非限定性定语从句相同点：as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。Heishonest,as/whichwecansee.不同点：1.位置不同：2.as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前。which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.ZhangHuahasbeentoParismorethantentimes,whichIdon’tbelieve.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.2.as有正如，正像的意思Hefailedintheexamagain,aswasexpected.Hefailedintheexamagain,whichwasunexpected.as,which非限定性定语从句由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首，which在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.1.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he2.Itrainedhardyest