My friend, Albert Einstein课文讲解

UnitThreeTEXTIMyFriend,AlbertEinsteinI.Pre-readingQuestionsThisisanopenquestion.TextComprehension1)MainIdea:ThisprofileismainlyaboutEinstein’spersonalityandhisincomparablecontributionstoscience.Profile:short,vividbiography,brieflyoutliningaperson’smostoutstandingcharacteristics:hisability,personality,orcareer人物简介2)PurposeofwritingandTone:ThepurposeistoillustratewithanecdotessomecharacteristicfeaturesofEinsteinbothasamanandasascientist.3).OrganizationoftheTextIntroduction(P1):Usingtheword“simplicity”tobegintheillustrationofEinstein’sessenceBody(P2-19):P2-4:Abouthismodesty;P5-7:Einstein’sbrieflifehistoryandhistwogreattheories;P8-11:Abouthisconcentrationonwork;P12-13:Abouthisloveofnaturalsimplicity;P14-16:Abouthisacademiccourage;P17-18:Abouthissenseofjustice;P19:Abouthisyouthfulinnocence;Conclusion:(P20)SummingupwhatitmeanstohaveknownEinsteinandhiswork.4).KeyPointsoftheTextParagraph1convey:makeknown(ideas,views,feelings,etc.)toanotherperson.vt.传达；E.g.:Maryaskedmetoconveyhergratitudetoyou.Hisrecentbookconveystoushisoutlookonlife.Conveyalsomeans“carrysomething(fromoneplacetoanother)”.运输E.g.:Pipesconveyheatfromthecentralheatingsystem(中央供暖系统)toeverypartofthebuilding.conveyorbelt（传送带）Paragraph1词根：conveyadj.conveyable可传达的；可搬运的；可转让的n.conveyor输送机[机]传送机,传送带;运送者,传播者Conveyance[kən'veiəns]运输；运输工具；财产让与conveyancer运输者；传达者essence:themostbasicandimportantqualityofsth.inessence:bynature;essentially本质上；实质的theessenceofmorality道德的精髓Theessenceofhisreligiousteachingisloveforallmen.他宣扬的宗教教义要旨是爱天下人。Paragraph1simplicity:thestateofbeingsimple简单；简朴；纯朴；真诚；坦率E.g.:aroomfurnishedwithsimplicity摆设简朴的房间Herclotheswerecharacterizedbytheirsimplicityandgoodtaste.她的衣着特点是朴素大方，有品位。Hedressedwithelegantsimplicity.他的穿着朴素高雅。Hebelieveseverythingwithchildlikesimplicity.他像孩子一样单纯，对一切信以为真。speakwithsimplicity说话坦诚Paragraph1catch:attack;entrap击中E.g.:Thewindcaughtthesails.风吹袭帆篷。Wegotcaughtinadownpour.我们被大雨淋着了。Sorrowcaughtthebereaved[bɪ'rivd]mother.丧子的母亲悲不自胜。wouldbenonetheworseforitswetting:wouldnotbeharmedbyitsbeingwetnonetheworsefor:notharmedby;notadverselyaffectedby未受…影响/损害,并不更差；依然如故，thinknonetheworseofsomebody依然看重某人E.g.:He’snonetheworseforhisfallfromthewindow.他从窗口掉下，结果并没有怎么样。Ilikeamannonetheworseforbeingoutspoken.我并不因一个人直言不讳而讨厌他。Paragraph1knack:aspecialskillorability,usuallytheresultofpracticen.诀窍；本领；熟练技术；巧妙手法E.g.:Shehasaknackofdoingsumsinherhead,howevercomplicatedtheymaybe.aknackofthetrade做买卖的诀窍Vernehadahappyknackofcombiningadventurewithscience.凡尔纳有一种把冒险和科学结合起来的巧妙本领。Paragraph1Thisknackforgoinginstinctivelytotheheartofamatterwasthesecretofhismajorscientificdiscoveries---thisandhisextraordinaryfeelingforbeauty.Thisunusualabilityofhistoperceivebeauty,thisnaturalabilityofgraspingthenatureofamatterwasthekeytohismanyimportantscientificdiscoveries.他这种本能地把握事物本质的能力正是他能够做出重大科学发现的秘诀所在，除此之外，还有他对美的那种非凡的感觉。Paragraph1InHoffmann’sopinion“simplicity”isthebestwordtodescribetheessenceofEinstein’scharacter.Theabstractnotionofsimplicityisexplainedbyaphraseinthefirstparagraph.Whichisit?SA:Knackforgoinginstinctivelytotheheartofamatter.Whatisthemainideaofthisparagraph?Itintroducesthemainideaofthearticle,thatthemostessentialqualityofEinsteinissimplicity.Whatdidthisexampleindicate?---hewassimple.----hewentinstinctivelytotheheartofthematter.Paragraph2carteblanche:(French)(plural:cartesblanches)fullfreedom,especiallyinpoliticsandinspendingmoney签好字的空白纸；全权，自由处理权E.g.:Hewasgivencarteblanchetobuild,landscape,andfurnishthehouse.那幢房子的建造，庭院布置和装饰完全委托给他了。Herefusedcarteblancheforthebombers.他拒绝授予轰炸机自由选择轰炸目标的权力。Thekinggavehisministercarteblancheinforeignaffairs.Paragraph2dismay:(n.v.)(使)灰心,(使)沮丧;(使)惊愕Hewasdismayedatthesizeofhisadversary.对手的魁伟身材使他丧失了勇气。“Someonestolenmyhouse!”shesaidindismay.“有人偷了我们家！”她惊恐地说。Shefoundtoherdismaythatshehadforgottentobringherwallet.Paragraph2pleadwith:ask(someone)verystronglyinabeggingway恳求；请求E.g.:Thegirlpleadedwithherparentstolethergotoschoolbyherself.plead(withsomebody)forforgiveness(one’slife)请求（某人）原谅（饶命）Shepleadedwithmetogiveuptheplan.她求我放弃这个计划。Paragraph3beinaweof:alsostandinaweof,haverespectaswellasfearandreverencefor敬畏（某人）awen.:thefeelingofrespectandamazementwhenoneisfacedwithsomethingwonderful,frightening,orcompletelyunknown敬畏E.g.:Hevisitedtheexhibitionandstoodinaweofthefossilsofprehistoricanimals.Theaudiencelistenedtothelearnedphilosopherinawe.Paragraph3awev.:causeafeelingofamazementorfear使敬畏,使畏怯E.g.:Themagician’sperformanceawedusall.awedadj.:overwhelmedbyrespectandfear敬畏的intonesofawedamazement:用敬畏惊讶的语气approach:tospeakto,especiallyaboutsomethingforthefirsttime找…商量，同…接洽，同…联系E.g.:Didheapproachyouaboutlendinghimsomemoney?他同你谈过想借些钱的事吗？Heisratherdifficulttoapproach.他这人很难接近。（指不好说话等）IwasinaweofEinstein,andhesitatedbeforeapproachinghimaboutsomeideasIhadbeenworkingon.(L13-)我敬畏爱因斯坦，想同他谈谈我一直在思考的一些想法。此前我一直犹豫不决。Paragraph3inflection:amovementupordownofthevoice;intonation音调变化E.g.:Asentencethatasksaquestionusuallyendsonarisinginflection.awry:notinthecorrectpositionorshape;twisted;bent曲的；歪的；斜的notasplannedorintended;inawrongmanner离开了预期（或正确）方向（的）