状语从句(简单)

状语从句Whatare“AdverbialClauses”?在主从复合句中修饰主语中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫做“状语从句”。分类如下：状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句1)常用连词如下：as,when,while,till/until,not…until,before,since,after等。1.时间状语从句while,when,as辨析While：引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时发生。从句动词常是延续性的When：既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段时间，可表示主从句的动作同时或先后发生。从句动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。As：强调主句﹑从句动作相并发生,译为”一边…一边…”或“随着”1._______hereturned,hiswifewascooking.2._______hewasreading,hiswifewascooking.3.Wetalkedhappily_____wewalkedalong.4.__timegoesby,it'sgettingcolder.WhenWhileasAs当主句是非持续性动词，从句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，when,while,as可互相替换_______________wewerestill，theteachercamein.While/when/Aslaughing另外,when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:Ilikereading______mywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示突然性“就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。1.beabouttodo…when…2.bedoing…when…3.beonthepointofdoing…when…4.haddone…when…while.________________________(我们正要开始就在这时start)itbegantorain.2.____________________________momcamein.3.Ihadjustgothome____________________(就开始下雨）1.Wewereabouttostartwhen我正在玩电脑游戏就在这时妈妈进来了。whenitbegantoraintill只能用于肯定句中，until既可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句。e.g.Iwillbeheretill/untilhecomesback.Iwon’tknowwhereheisuntilIgetaletterfromhim.until/till区别“延续的动词（肯定式）+until”表示“直到…为止”1.我一直睡到闹钟响为止._________________________.“非延续性动词（否定式）+until”表示“直到┅才”2.直到他完成工作才上床睡______________________________________________IsleptuntiltheclockalarmedHedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork.注意:notuntil在句首时要倒装Notuntilhesawithimself___________（他才相信）didhebelieveit.It’s/willbe+一段时间before+一般现在时表示过了多久才It’s/will（not)be+一段时间before+一般现在时表示没过多久就it’sbeen+一段时间since+一般过去时before/since用法Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.ItwillnotbealongtimebeforetheChinabecomeadevelopedcountry.It20yearssincewefirsteachother.sawhasbeen2)一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：themoment/theminute/thesecond（一…就）nexttime（下次）,every/eachtime（每次）firsttime，bythetime(到…时候)Themomenthecomes,Iwilltellhim.BythetimeIgraduatefromthisschool,Iwillhavebeenhereforthreeyears.Besuretocallmenexttimeyoucomehere.EverytimeIcaughtacoldIhadpaininmyhead.3)assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly等副词也可引导；表示“一……就……”。AssoonasIreachhome,Iwilltellhimthenews.Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck54)一些固定搭配也可引导时间状语从句a.hardly…whenb.scarcely…when/beforec.nosooner…than都表示一…就，用以引导时间状语从句。注意：当hardly,scarcely及nosooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。e.g.Nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.IncaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.sinceExercises3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while5.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.A.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than2.地点状语从句地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.注意：不要混同于where引导的定语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，从句前有一个表示地点的名词Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.（______）Gobacktothecitywhereyoucamefrom.（________）状语从句定语从句1.Pleaseputthebook_________________(我能容易找到的地方find)2.Pleaseputthemedicine______________(你的小孩够不着的地方reach)3.Pleaseputtheshoes__________________(原来的地方be)whereIcanfinditeasilywhereyourchildcan'treachitwhereitwas3.原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,since,as,for,nowthat等。1)because语气最强，用来回答why提问，可用在强调句型中。_____________________________（是因为他生病）hedidn'tgowithus.2)since语气比because弱，表示关系上的自然结果，一般译成“既然，鉴于”（往往放于主句之前）______________________,let'scarryouttheplan.（既然没人反对)SincenooneisagainstitItwasbecausehewasillthat3)as语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（可放于主句之前，也可放于主句之后）Wearstrongshoes______weshalldoalotofwalkingtoday.4)for也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示补充说明理由。Hemustbeill,_______heisabsenttoday.5)nowthat用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推理，nowthat放于句首时，that可省略。___________everybodyishere,let'sbegin.asforNow(that)4.条件状语从句1)if,unless(=ifnot),so/aslongas(只要),incase,onconditionthat,once(一旦）2)suppose/supposing/(假设，如果),providing/provided/assuming/given/saythat(如果）1.Youmayusetheroom_________youcleanitupafterwards.(只要long）2.Iwilldoit______________________（只要你帮助我condition)3.You'llbelateagain___________________.(除非你饿了hungry)aslongasonconditionthatyouhelpme.unlessyouarehungry3)“祈使句+and/or/orelse/otherwise”引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相当于条件状语从句。Useyouhead,____________________(那么你就会找到一个办法）Getupnow,________________（否则你会迟到的）.andyouwillfindawayoryouwillbelate1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless5.让步状语从句在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though,although,evenif,eventhough,while,nomatterwho/…,however，as，whether…or…(无论…还是…)等。1.AlthoughIacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.2.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,eveniftheyaredifferentfromyours.3.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,howeverdifficultitis.4.Theoldtowermustbesaved,whateverthecostis.Nomatterwh-与wh_ever的区别Nomatterwh_只引导让步状语从句，此时与wh_ever通用__________________________________