倒装结构

Fillintheblanks.1.Herbookshadan____________(measure)effectonAmericanyoungpeople.2.I_______(vague)rememberedhavingmetherbefore.3.Itwasso________(child)ofhimtoleavejustbecausepeopledidn’tagreewithwhathesaid.4.ByFridayafternoonI’musuallyquite__________(patient)fortheweekendtobegin.5.Aswitnesses(证人)totheaccident,wewereaskedtomakewritten____________(declare)ofwhatwehadseen.immeasurablevaguelychildishimpatientdeclarations6.TheUSgainedits____________(depend)in1776.7.Computerization(计算机化)should_______(able)ustocutproductioncostsbyhalf.8.A________(learn)personisrespectedinmodernsociety.9.Hedoesn’twanttothrowawaythese_____(wear)-outclothes.10.Shecandoawonderful__________(imitate)ofabird’ssong.independenceenablelearnedwornimitation倒装结构倒装语序分为“全部倒装”和“部分倒装”。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下：一、由there,here或now等引起，谓语为come（或go）的句子，需要全部倒装，例如：Therecomesthebus!Theregoesthebell!HerecomesMary!Nowcomesyourturn.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，例如：Therehecomes!Hereshecomes!二、由then引起，谓语为come（或follow）的句子，全部倒装，例如：Thencameanewdifficulty.ThenfollowedeightyearsoftheAnti-JapaneseWar.三、由here（或there）引导，谓语为be的句子，如：HereisChina’slargesttropicalforest.Herearesomepicture-books.注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序，如：Hereyouare./Hereweare./Hereitis./Thereheis.四、在描写情景时，有时为了生动，可以把out,in,up,down,away等副词放在主语前，同时主谓倒装，如：Upwentthearrowintotheair.Upflewtheredballoon.Followingtheroar,outrushedatigerfromamongthebushes.注：如果主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面，如：Awaytheywent./Downitflew./Upitwent.五、由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如：“Wemuststartfortheworknow.”“Somustwe.”Heplaystheviolinquitewell.Sodoesmysister.HehasbeentoBeijing,sohaveI.注：如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管so用开头，语序也不要倒装，如：--Itwascoldyesterday.–Soitwas!--TomorrowwillbeMonday.–Soitwill.六、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如：——Iwon’tdosuchathing.——Neither/NorwillI.Ifyouwon’tgo,neithershallI.Ididn’treadthenoticeonthebulletinboard,nordidhe.七、在if引导的非真实条件句中，如有助动词had,should或were时，可以省略if，进行倒装，如：HadIcomefiveminutesearlier,Iwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.(IfIhadcomefiveminutes…)Shouldanyonecall,tellhimtowaitformehere.WereItenyearsyounger,Iwouldbeabletoclimbtothetopofthehill.Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letusknow.(IfIwereyou…不倒装)八、表示让步意义的“动词+though/as”结构为部分倒装，例如，Tryasyouwill,youcan’tsucceed.Failas/thoughhedid,hewasnotdisappointed.当as引导让步状语从句时，可以把表语提到前面来，采用“形容词（或副词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”这种形式，如：Childasheis,heknowssomethingofelectricity.Youngasshewas,shewasalreadydirectorofafactory.九、当always,often,well,manyatime等词放在句首时，后面常用倒装语序，如：Alwaysdidthesoldiergotohelpthevillagers.Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.WelldoIrememberthedayIsawawildtiger.Manyatimedidhegoswimmingintheriver.注：上述所说的词不放在句首，不用倒装语序。十、only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，其后面的主语部分要进行倒装，如：Onlyinthiswaycanyouhopetoimprovethesituationthere.Onlyoncedidhisfatherdiscusshisfuturewithhim.OnlyafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：OnlysocialismcansaveChina.十一、含有否定意义的副词、连词或短语构成的状语放在句首时，常用倒装语序。这些词和词组有：not,never,hardly,seldom,little,rarely,scarcely,notuntil,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,nosooner…than…,hardly…when…,scarcely…when等，例如：NevershallIforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.Notonlydidhereadthebook,butalsorememberedwhathehadread.注：上面所说的词和词组如果不在句首，句子不必用倒装语序。另外，notonly…butalso连接两个主语时，不用倒装，如：Notonlythestudents,butalsotheteacherwishesforaholiday.十二、当so（或such）…that…结构中的so或such用于句首时，要采取倒装语序，如：Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.Soangrywashethathecouldn’tspeak.Sofastdoeslighttravelthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Suchwashisstrengththathecouldbendironbars.注：such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：Suchwastheresult.Suchwereherwords.Suchwasthestoryhetold.十三、在下列结构中也常用倒装语序：Onahillinfrontofthemstoodagreatcastle.Onthebedlayasickoldman.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingcards.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen.1.Little_______howhappyIhadbeen.A.shehadrealizedB.didsherealizeC.sherealizedD.hassherealized2.________consideredthealternativesmorecarefully,theywouldhaverealizedthatthesecondwasbetterthanthefirst.A.IfthecommitteemembershaveB.HadthecommitteemembersbeenC.ThoughthecommitteemembersD.HadthecommitteemembersBD3._______thewoman’spossessionsthatshecouldcarrytheminasinglesuitcase.A.WeresofewB.SofewwereC.FewweresoD.Thereweresofew4.OnlyafterIhadknownhimforsometime______toappreciatehisrealworth.A.doIbeginB.didIbeginC.IbeganD.hadIbegunBB5.Theyhaveallgotup,and_______.A.JackistooB.sohasJackC.Jackhasn’tD.asJack6.look,_______inhisgreenT-shirt.A.DavidcomeshereB.herecomesDavidC.comeshereDavidD.hereDavidcomesBB7._______tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.A.HardlyhadhebegunB.NosoonerhadhebegunC.NotuntilhebegunD.Scarcelydidhebegin8._______acertaindoubtamongthestudentsastothenecessityofthework.A.ItexistedB.ThereexistedC.TherehadD.Existedthere9.Nextdoortoours_______,whohasjustretiredfromwork.A.wherelivesanoldmanBwheredoesanoldmanliveC.livesanoldmanD.doesanoldmanliveDBC