Unit 19 Human nature

Aleopardneverchangeshisspots.江山易改本性难移personalityHumannature?Doyouthinkthetwinsaretotallythesame?Why?Peoplearedifferentbecauseweallhaveourownpersonalities.个性，人格Personality---weallhaveourownpersonalities.个性，人格•Whatdifferenttypesofpersonalitiesarethere?•Canapersonchangetheirpersonalities?Describingpersonality•calm•extrovert[‘ɛkstrə,vət]•untidy•flexible•friendly•generous[‘dʒenərəs]•optimistic[,ɒptɪ’mɪstɪk]•nervous•introvert['ɪntrəvɜ:t]•tidy•stubborn['stʌbən]•reserved[rɪ’zɜ:vd]•mean•pessimistic[,pesɪ’mɪstɪk]Apersonalityquiz•Howwelldoyouknowyourdeskmate?(dothequizforyourdeskmate)•Doyouagreewithyourdeskmate’sanswers?Oftenpeopleseeusdifferentlyfromhowweseeourselves.Whyarewesodifferent?•Ispeople’spersonalitythesame?•Howmany‘personalitytraits’arethere?•Canwepredictpeople’spersonality?YourcompanysloganLOGOEveryoneisindividualanddifferent.12Howdoyoujudgeaperson’spersonality?Whatarecalled‘personalitytraits’?3Whatdoyoumeanwhenyousayyouknowsomeonewell?vocabularyindividual[ɪndi`vidjuəl]个体的unique[ju:`ni:k]独一无二的behave-behaviourknowsb./sth.wellaccurate[`ækjurit]准确的feature['fi:tʃə]特征,容貌person-personality[.pə:sə'næliti]trait[treit]特征Everyoneisindividualanddifferent•Inthesamewayaseveryone’saresoiseveryone’s.Wecanusuallyseepeople’spersonalityinthetheywear,orhowtheytheirthings,orhowtheywithotherpeople.fingerprintsuniquepersonalityclotheslookafterbehave•Whenwesaythatweknowsomeonewell,whatwereallyisthatwecanmakeguessesaboutwhatpersonwillor.Weknowthedifferentoftheirpersonality.Thesefeaturesarecalled.meanaccuratedothink‘personalitytraits’Centraltraitsreadandunderstandthesewords:•friendliness-friendly•neatness-neat•competitiveness-competitive•shyness-shy•optimism-optimisticsuffix:adj-nessn.ill-dark-happy-sad-bad-careless-sick-hard-busy-mean-Whatdothecentralpersonalitytraitsaffectus?examplesofcentralpersonalitytraitsare…Whatdothepsychologiststhink?vocabularycentre-centralpsychology[saɪ'kɒlədʒɪ]-psychologist[saɪ’kɒlədʒɪst]affectreactfriendlinessneatness[ni:tnəs]competitiveness[kəm'petətɪvnəs]shynessoptimismgenerallyindifferentsituationsbebornwithallone’slifeSecondarytraitssummarybyyourselves:Whatarethesecondarytraits?Canwechangethem?•second-secondary•as•staythesame•predict-predictable•gettoknow•ingeneral-generally•attitude•unless•stressful•Canwepredictothers?•Whatcanwepredict?•Whencan’twepredictothers?（一）can用来表示“可能”的猜测（二）may和might常用来谈论可能性:（三）must用来表示“肯定”的猜测:（四）should表猜测Grammar-modalsforprobability情态动词表推测Grammar-modalsforprobability情态动词表推测•must:一定（语气肯定）•may：也许（不很肯定）•might：或许（比may语气更弱）•maynot：也许不（表否定）•can‘t：一定不（must的反义）•can:表达理论上的可能性，常译为“有时候会”•could:在否定，疑问句中表示推测•推测现在的事情用must,may,might,maynot和can't+do或bee.g.Shemustbeathomenow.Theboymayplaynow.•推测过去的事情用must,may,might,maynot和can't+havedonee.g.Shemighthavebeenillyesterday.Hemusthaveholdtheparty.注意：表推测的must,may,might,maynot和can't是不可以与Ithink...连用。因为Ithink...已有推测的含义，故不能连用1.-ThatT-shirtwithYaoMing’spictureonit___belongtoDavid.Headmireshimalot.-No,it___behis.Hehatesblackcolor.Acan;can’tB.may;needn’tC.must;mustn’tD.must;can’t2.-Listen!IsthatKateplayingthepianointheroom?-No.It___beKate.ShehasgonetoLondon.A.maynotB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.can’t3.-Whereismomnow?-I’mnotsure.She___beinthekitchen.AshallB.mayC.needD.mustexerciseDDB4.-Mom,____Iplaycomputergames?-Yes,youcan.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustB.mayC.willD.needBPrefixes前缀•happy•common•usual•tidy•fair•honest•agree•like•unhappy•uncommon•unusual•untidy•unfair•dishonest•disagree•dislikeun=notdis=notWhataretheprefixes?•coincidence•coordinate•co-writer•recycle•rearrange•rebuild•rewriteco=togetherre=again