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当前位置:首页 > 建筑/环境 > 电气安装工程 > 发电厂电气部分课程设计[1]
精品文档就在这里-------------各类专业好文档,值得你下载,教育,管理,论文,制度,方案手册,应有尽有-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------精品文档---------------------------------------------------------------------目录设计任务书(置于目录前)·········································1摘要·······························································3引言·······························································41系统与负荷资料分析·············································52电气主接线·····················································62.1主接线方案的选择···············································62.2主变压器的选择与计算···········································92.3厂用电接线方式的选择···········································112.4主接线中设备配置的的一般规则··································133短路电流的计算··········································143.1短路计算的一般规则·············································143.2短路电流的计算·················································153.3短路电流计算表·················································164电气设备的选择···········································174.1电气设备选择的一般规则·········································174.2电气选择的条件·················································174.3电气设备的选择·················································204.4电气设备选择的结果表···········································225*配电装置················································235.1配电装置选择的一般原则·········································235.2配电装置的选择及依据···········································25结束语····················································26参考文献··················································27附录Ⅰ:短路计算··········································28附录Ⅱ:电气设备的校验····································33附录3:设计总图··········································391、系统与负荷资料分析根据原始资料,本电厂是中型发电厂,比较靠近负荷中心。本电厂要向本地区的各工厂企业供电,还要与220KV系统相连,并担负着向市区供电,保障市区人民生产和生活用电的责任。由于本厂的地理位置优越,一般情况下都容易获得燃料,能确保本地区以及附近的工厂、市区的正常供电,还可以向220KV提供电能。由资料我们可知,本电厂以110KV的电压等级向用户送电。这里有两电压等级,分别是110KV,有8回出线;220KV,有10回出线,全部负荷有Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级负荷。1.1220KV电压等级架空线10回,I级负荷,最大输送200MW,TMAX=6000h/a;cos=0.85。出线回路数大于4回且为I级负荷,应采用双母带旁路或一台半。1.2110KV电压等级架空线8回,Ⅰ级负荷,最大输送180MW,TMAX=6000h/a;cos=0.85。出线回路数大于4回且为I级负荷,为使其出线断路器检修时不停电,应采用双母分段或双母带旁路,以保证其供电的可靠性和灵活性。精品文档就在这里-------------各类专业好文档,值得你下载,教育,管理,论文,制度,方案手册,应有尽有-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------精品文档---------------------------------------------------------------------总装机容量16000MW,短路容量10000MW。根据原始资料,本电厂是中型发电厂,其容量为2×200MW,占电力系统总容量(800/16000)×100%=5%,未超过电力系统的检修备用容量8%~15%和事故备用容量10%的限额,但年利用小时数为6000h5000h,远远大于电力系统发电机组的平均最大负荷利用小时数,说明该厂在未来电力系统中的作用和地位重要.该厂为火力发电厂,在电力系统中主要承担基荷,且电力负荷均为Ⅰ级负荷,从而该厂主接线设计务必着重考虑其可靠性。由资料可知发电厂通过220KV的线路与系统连接且有两回回路。对于最大机组为200MW以上的发电厂,一般以采用双绕组变压器加联络变压器更为合理。其联络变压器宜选用三绕组变压器。2、电气主接线2.1主接线方案的选择2.1.1主接线概述电气主接线是发电厂和变电所电气部分的主体,它反映各设备的作用、连接方式和回路的相互关系。所以,由文献[1]可知;它的设计直接关系到全厂电气设备的选择、配电装置的布置,继电保护、自动装置和控制方式的确定,对电力系统的安全、经济运行起着决定的作用。概括地说包括以下三个方面:电气主接线是发电厂电气设计的首要部分,也是构成电力系统的主要环节。2.1.2电气主接线的叙述1)单元接线其是无母线接线中最简单的形式,也是所有主接线基本形式中最简单的一种,此种接线方法设备更多。本设计中机组容量为400MW,所以发电机出口采用封闭母线,为了减少断开点,可不装断路器。这种单元接线,避免了由于额定电流或短路电流过大,使得选择断路器时,受到制造条件或价格甚高等原因造成的困难。2)单母线分段带专用旁路断路器的旁路母线接线优点:在正常工作时,旁路断路器以及各出线回路上的旁路隔离开关,都是断开的,旁路母线不带电,通常两侧的开关处于合闸状态,检修时两两互为热备用;检修QF时,可不停电;可靠性高,运行操作方便。缺点:增加了一台旁路断路器的投资。3)单母分段线分段断路器兼作旁路断路器的接线优点:可以减少设备,节省投资;同样可靠性高,运行操作方便;4)双母线接线优点:供电可靠,调度方式比较灵活,扩建方便,便于试验。缺点:由于220KV电压等级容量大,停电影响范围广,双母线接线方式有一定局限性,而且操作较复杂,对运行人员要求高。5)双母线带旁路母线的接线优点:增加供电可靠性,运行操作方便,避免检修断路器时造成停电,不影响双母线的正常运行。缺点:多装了一台断路器,增加投资和占地面积,容易造成误操作。2.1.3主接线方案:1)根据变压器的组合方案拟定主接线的初步方案,并依据对主接线的基本要求,从技术上进行论证各方的优、缺点,淘汰了一些较差的方案,保留了两个技术上相对较好的方案,如下所示:表2.1主接线方案比较电压等级方案一方案二220KV双母分段带旁路接线双母线分段接线精品文档就在这里-------------各类专业好文档,值得你下载,教育,管理,论文,制度,方案手册,应有尽有-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------精品文档---------------------------------------------------------------------110KV单母线带旁路单母线分段接线2)10.5KV侧采用封闭母线封闭母线按结构式可分为:离相封闭母线、共箱封闭母线和金属箱式电缆母线。其中离相封闭母线适用于200MW及以上发电机引出线与主变压器、厂用变压器之间的连接。共箱封闭母线和金属箱式电缆母线主要用于厂用变压器至厂用配电室之间的引出线连接。全连型离相封闭母线的配套产品有发电机中性点柜、电压互感器、避雷器柜等,配套设备分别装于抽屉小车式的电气柜内,由生产厂家随封闭母线成批供货。本设计中由于发电机的的最大持续工作电流过大,不能选到适用它的断路器、隔离开关、电流互感器、电压互感器、避雷器等设备,所以采用了离相封闭母线,在其他设备选择时,就不用选10.5KV侧所设计到的设备,生产厂家已经随封闭母线成批供货。图2.1:方案一220KV双母分段带旁路接线图2.2:方案二220KV双母线接线3)两种方案的比较:一、可靠性:方案一中220KV可靠性较高;在检修线路断路器时避免造成该回路停电,可靠性高;方案二中220KV接线简单,设备本身故障率少;220KV故障时,停电时间较长。精品文档就在这里-------------各类专业好文档,值得你下载,教育,管理,论文,制度,方案手册,应有尽有-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------精品文档---------------------------------------------------------------------二、灵活性:方案一各电压级接线方式灵活性都好;220KV电压级接线易于扩建和实现自动化;110KV操作过程相对简单;方案二中220KV运行方
本文标题:发电厂电气部分课程设计[1]
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