虚拟语气详细讲解及练习课件

TheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气㈠语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式，它表明说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。㈡语气的种类1.陈述语气：表明动作或状态是现实的确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句，疑问句和某些感叹句。Wearenotready.Diditrainalldayyesterday?Whatafinedayitis!2.祈使语气表明说话人的建议，请求，邀请，命令等。Becareful!Don’tforgettoclosethewindow.Openthedoor,please.3,虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。IfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.Iwishyoucouldgowithme.Mayyousucceed!㈢虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。①真实条件句：假设的情况是有可能发生的。Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.②虚拟条件句：假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来都不可能发生的。Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.1.与现在事实相反从句-----过去式(be通常用were)，主句----should(would,could,might)+动词原形”：IfIknewhernumberIcouldringherup.Ifhewerefree,hewouldhelpus.Ifhestudiedatthisschool,hewouldknowyouwell.Should用于第一三人称would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性1.要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。Ifyoutriedagainyouwouldsucceed。2，如果我是只鸟，我就能在天上飞了。IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.3.IfI___(是)you,I_____(就不会)buythatcoat.WereShouldn’t4.IfI______(有)aknife，I______(就杀了)you。Hadwouldkill2.与将来事实相反或将来的愿望推测从句----did/should+do/weretodo主句-----should/would/could/might+doIfitrainedtomorrow,ourpicnicwouldbeputoff.Ifheweretocomehere,hewouldtellusaboutit.IfheshouldgotoQingHuaUniversity,hewouldmakefulluseofhistime.3，与过去事实相反从句——haddone主句——should/would/could/might+havedoneIfIhadleftsooner，Iwouldhavebeenontime.2)要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwecouldhavesavedhislife.注意：1，条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were，但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后，也可用was，不过在IfIwereyou这样的表达中，通常还是以用were为宜。2）当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可省略，而将were,should,had等词置于句首。如：Ifheshouldagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.Ifhehadlearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.Hadhelearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.Ifshewerehere,shewouldagreewithusWereshehere,shewouldagreewithus在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，逐句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。现将虚拟条件句从句和主句的动词形式列表如下：动词形式时间从句主句与现在事实相反did（be的过去式常用were）wouldShouldCould+动词原形might与过去事实相反Had+donewouldShouldCould+havedoneMight与将来事实可能相反，或将来的愿望did/should+doWeretodowouldShouldCould+动词原形might虚拟语气的其他用法一，wish后的宾语从句1.与现在事实相反------一般过去时2.与过去事实相反-------过去完成时3.与将来事实相反--------过去将来时1.Iwish_____________________________(他再试一次)hewouldtryagain2.Iwish____________________(和你一样年轻)Iwereasyoungasyou3.Iwish__________________________(我看过这部电影)Ihadseenthatfilm4.Iwish_____________________________(我将来当个医生)Iwouldbecomeadoctor二，advise,ask,demand,desire,decide,insist(坚决要求),order,propose,request,suggest(建议)表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，起虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+原形动词Theteacheradvisedthatweshouldmakegooduseofeveryminutehere.ThePartyaskedthatweshouldservethepeoplewithourheartandsoul三，Itissuggested/requested/desired/proposed/….that…后接主语从句时advice,desire,order,plan,,recommendation,request,requirement,suggestion,wish充当句子的主语后接同位语从句，或表语从句时从句中都用(should)+doWefollowedhisadvicethatweshouldaskourteacherforhelpHetoldushisideathatheshouldgotouniversityHissuggestionisthatweshoulddoourworkmorecarefully.Theirplanisthattheyshouldbuildanewfactoryintheirhometown.Itissuggestedthatheshouldgotovisithisoldfriend.四，asif(though)从句用虚拟语气与现在事实相反——一般过去时；与过去事实相反——过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大——would(might,could)+动词原形：Iloveyouasif_____________(你是我儿子)youweremyson.Theytalkedasif__________________________(以前见过面)TheyhadmeteachotherbeforeTheyarehappyasif_________________________(他们要去月球了)Theywouldgotomoon五，Itis(high)timethat到了…..的时候了Itistimethat+过去时Itwastimethat+过去完成时六,wouldrather宁愿，用法同wish,asif七，ifonly要是…就好了，用法同上1，Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents________twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegivenExercise,√2,WangLing,oneofmyfriends,isverygoodatEnglish.HespeaksEnglishasifhe________anEnglishman.A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen√√3,________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.A.IfthecaptainwereB.HadthecaptainbeenC.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen√4,IfonlyI________howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew√5,Robertwishesthathe________businessinsteadofhistorywhenhewasinuniversity.A.studiesB.studiedC.hasstudiedD.hadstudied√6,MrLirequiredthecomputerequipmentreferred________usedineveryclassroom.A.shouldbeB.havetobeC.tobeD.tobeing√Thankyou!Bye-bye!