遥感技术在湖泊环境变化研究中的应用和展望

1,2,1,3(1.,710043;2.,100039;3.,315100):,,,,,,:;;:P34313:A:1008-858X(2005)04-0014-070,,,,,,,,1,,(4002500nm),1%4%,2%,,,2400nm,,,,,,,,:2005-02-01:(1981-),,,134200512JOURNALOFSALTLAKERESEARCHVol.13No.4Dec.2005,,,,,22.1a,,,,,,,,,,,,:a[1];,,,(),,,,,;017111m,,,,(490570mK),,70[2],80,,,,a,,,[3](TM4)(TM3),[4],;TMTM3TM4TM7,514,:,[5],TM[6],ch1-a,[7],,[8],,;[9],,,,;,[10],,SPOT[11];[12],landsatTM,,,,(),,2.2,,,,,,,,GPS,,,,2060[13],,:,TM,,,:,,[14]:I=A1+A2exp(-A3z)[15]6113:Pz()=[()e-(sec+sec)()z+P/w()]Ld+PSC()SPOT13,,:Z=11143ln(spot1/spot3)-5139[16],[17],,,,SAR,,SAR,,SAR[18]SAR,,,,,,2.32.3.1,,,,[19];[20],,,,,,[21]2.3.2,,,,,,,,NOAA(AVHRR4,5)[22],,;,SabineThiemann,NOAA/AVHRR(4m)1[23]MODIS,,015;KEY,[24]2.4,,714,:2.4.1,,,[25];,,,,,[26];,TM(7,4,14,7,3)[27];,,[28],[27],,ETM,[29]:MingChihHung,,,,,,,[30];[31],2.4.2,,NOAA,,[32],3,,:,,:MSS7982m,TM30m(15,7)120m(6),SPOT10m(PA)20m(XS);,0165m(quickbird),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,8113,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(RS),,,,,(GIS),,,,,,,RSGIS,GIS,:[1]Wezernak,C.T.,Tanis,F.J.,andBajza,C.A..Trophicstateanalysisofinlandlakes[J].RemoteSensingofEnvironment.1976,(5):147-165.[2]Ritchie,J.C.andCooper,C.M..Analgorithmfore-stimationsurfacesuspendedsedimentconcentrationswithLandsatMSSdigitaldata[J].Wat.Res.Bull.,1991,(27):373-379.[3]GitelsonA,Quantitativeremotesensingmethodsforrealtimemonitoringinlandwatersquality[J].IntJRemoteSensing1993,(14):1269-1295.[4],.[J].,2000,(1):41-45[5],.[J].,1996,(3):201-207.[6],.[J].,2002,(1):72-75.[7]ChoubeyVK.Laboratoryexperiment,fieldandremotelysenseddataanalysisfortheassessmentofsuspendedsolidsconcentra2tionandsecchidepttofthereservoirsurfacewater[J].IntJRe2moteSensing,1998,(17):3349-3360.[8]WilliamsAN.Grabus.SedimentConcentrationMappinginTidalEstuarines[A].ThirdEarthResourceTechnologySatellite-1SymR.NASASP-351[C].1973,1347-1386.[9]KlemasBV.CoastalandEstuarineStudieswithERTS-1andSkylab[J].RemoteSensingofEnvironment,1974,(3):153-174.[10].[J].,1986,6(2),166-173.[11],,.SPOT[J].,1999,14(1):17-22[12],.a[J].,2004,(1):29-33.[13]DeLOORGP.Theobservationoftidalpatterns,currentsandbathymetrywithSLARimageryofthesea[J].IEEETransGeosciElectron,1981,OE-6:1242129.[14].[J].(),2003,(6):59-61.[15].[J].,2001,(4):53-58.[16].SPOT[J].,1998,(6):77-81.[17].[J].,1998,(6),73-76.[18].SAR[J].,2000,(3),172-177.[19],.25[J].,2003,(4):289-296.[20].[J].,2001,(3):280-284.[21].[J].914,:,1992,(2):68-72.[22].[J].,1999,(1):25-28.[23]SabineThiemannandHelmutSchiller.DeterminationofthebulktemperaturefromNOAA/AVHRRsatellitedateinamidlatitudelake[J].InternationalJournalofAppliedEarthObservationandGeoinformation,2003,(4),339-349.[24],.[J].,2003,(4):37-41.[25],.[J].,2002,(2):145-150.[26],.[J].,2001,(4):48-51[27].[J].,1996,(4):19-22.[28].[J].,2000,(2):9-12.[29],,.-[J].,2004,(1):29-34.[30].[J].,2001,(4):62-67.[31],.[J].,2003,(3):83-86.[32].NOAA[J].,1996,(7):1311-1314.ApplicationandProspectofRemoteSensingTechniquestoLakeEnvironmentalMonitoringCAIWei1,2,YUJun2qing1,LIHong2juan3(1.QinghaiInstituteofSaltLakes,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Xian710043,China;2.GraduateSchoolofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China;3.NingboFashionInstitute,Ningbo315100,China)Abstract:Remotesensingtechniquehasrecentlybecomeoneoftheimportantmeansforobservingandmoni2toringdynamicchangesoflargelakes,sinceitholdstheadvantageofcollectinglarge2scalegeographicinforma2tioninaconvenientandfastway.Satelliteimageswithhigh2resolutioncanbeusedtoobtaininformationonwa2terquality,surfacetemperatureandwaterdepthofalargelakeandondynamicdistributionofbrineinsaltlakes,inadditiontoprovidingstraightforwardpictureshelpfulofidentifyinggeomorphologicfeaturesinlakear2easandenvironmentalchangewithtime,whichwasresultedfromeithernaturalprocessesorhumanactivities.Bettermethodsdistinguishingthecontributionofvariouscomponentstothesensingspectrumandabetterun2derstandingonrelatedsensingmechanismareurgedinaimingatquantitativeapplicationstolakeresearch.Afurtherimprovementofstatisticmethodsappliedindealingwithsensingdataisrequiredinordertoupgrademodelswithbetterprecision.FuturedirectionofdevelopingthisdisciplineistoinnovatenewmeanscombiningavarietyoftoolsfromRSandGISforinformationanalysis.Keywords:Remotesensing;Lakeenvironmentmonitoring;Remotesensingmodel0213