高中英语万圣节(Halloween)介绍及知识点梳理 公开课 PPT

高中英语万圣节介绍&相关知识点梳理IntroductionHalloween又被叫做AllHallowEve或者TheEveofAllHallow最终约定俗成演变成了“Halloween”ItispopularinEnglishspeakingcountries.October31stisHalloween•Halloweenisoneoftheworld’soldestholidays•celebratedinseveralcountriesaroundtheGlobeincludingtheUSA,Canada,England,Ireland,Scotland,Mexico,LatinAmerica,andSpain.•InancienttimespeoplethinktheevilspiritwillreturntoearthineveryOctober31night.Inordertodrivetheevilspirit,theywillputoutthefireandcandles,makethehousegotreallydesolate,andnooneseemstolive,sotheevilspiritwillnotcomeintothehouse.Theyalsowilldeliberately（故意地）dressedveryuntidy,looksveryugly,sotheevilspiritwillnotbewillingtoclosetothem.Inaddition,theyalsoknowtheevilspiritisafraidofnoise,sotheyweargrotesque(奇异风格的)clothingontothestreets.Thisistheorigin（起源）ofHalloween.TheOriginofHalloween古代人们认为,恶灵会在每年的10月31日晚上返回地球。为了驱逐恶灵,他们将房子里的火和烛台熄灭,将房子弄得很荒凉,似乎没有人住,这样恶灵就不会到房子里去。他们还会刻意穿的很乱,看起来很丑,这样恶灵就不愿意接近他们。此外,他们也知道恶灵害怕噪声干扰,所以他们穿着古怪的衣服上街游行。这是万圣节的起源。SymbolsofHalloweenModerndayHalloweencelebrationsusemanysymbolstohelpmaketheholidaymorefestive（节日的）.Becausebatsonlyflyatnightandliveintombs,caves,andabandoned（废弃的）churchesandbuildings,theyarebelievedtobesymbolsofevil.Theyarecommonlyassociated（联想，关联）withwitchesandvampires.因为蝙蝠只在夜间飞行，它们住在坟墓，洞穴和废弃的教堂或建筑物中。蝙蝠常令人联想到女巫或吸血鬼。Witchesandbroomsticksgohandinhand.Theyhavebeenassociatedforcenturies.Often,witchesaredescribedridingthemacrossthenightskywithablackcatononeend.ItisbelievedthatbecauseHalloweenoccurred（出现）duringtherainyseason,witchesusedtheirbroomstickstovault(跳跃)overlargepuddlesandtosweepwateroutoftheirpathswhilewalking.Thus,thetwobecameassociated.女巫和扫把形影不离已有几世紀之久，通常女巫会骑着扫把在夜晚飞行，而她们的同伴黑貓会坐在扫把的另一端陪著她们飞行．为什么女巫会和扫把形影不离呢？因为在万圣节那天通常会下着雨，而女巫们要用扫把跳过地上的水坑或扫掉地上的积水以便行走。Cats,forcenturies,havebeenconsideredtobespiritualanimalsthathavetheabilitytosense（感觉）goodandbadspirits.Westernsuperstitionsbelievethatblackcatsareabletorepresentspirits,therebylinkingthemtowitchcraft（巫术）.Blackisalsothecolormostcommonlyassociatedwithevil.几个世纪前，人们就认为猫是一种有灵性的动物，它们能感应到好的或坏的灵魂。西方的传说里，黑猫是灵魂的化身，此外黑色也是邪恶的象征。Superstitionsbelievethatowlsatethesoulsofthedyingbyswooping（俯冲）toEarth.Owlsscreeches（尖叫）andtheirglassystareareanomen（预兆）ofdeathanddisaster.Theowlisrarely（稀有的极少的）seenduringthedayandisassociatedwithdarkandhorror.传说中，猫头鹰会从天空俯冲下来吃掉人的灵魂。猫头鹰的叫声和眼神让人联想到死亡和灾难。再者，猫头鹰很少在白天出现，也让人不得不认为它们属于黑暗和恐怖。Ghostsareuniversal（普遍的）symbolsforthedeparted.Skeletonsaresymbolsofdeathandshortnessoflife.SinceHalloweenisthefestivalofthedead,itisusualthatghostsandskeletonswouldbeused.鬼魂是公认的死亡象征﹔骷髅象征死亡和短暂的生命。既然万圣节一开始就是一个鬼节，当然鬼魂和骷髅就理所当然成了万圣节必见的东西。Whilemanyculturesfeelthatthespiderandwebrepresent（代表，象征）theweavingoflife,inreferencetoHalloween,theyrepresentdark,spooky（令人毛骨悚然的）placesandhaunted（闹鬼的）houseslongforgotten.很多文化都视蜘蛛和蜘蛛网为编织生命的象征，但在万圣节，他们却象征着黑暗，恐怖的地方或长久被遗忘的鬼屋。OtherSymbolsScarecrowvampireOtherSymbolswerewolfzombieOtherSymbolsmaskhauntedhouseThemeaningofHalloweenInthepast:driveawaythewonderingghostsNow:thesuperstitions(迷信)diedowncontainmorefestive(节日的)meaningTraditionsofHalloweenManyofthetraditionsassociatedwithHalloweenincludecostuming,trick-or-treating,pumpkincarving.许多关于Halloween的习俗，包括变装打扮，不给糖就捣蛋，刻南瓜灯笼等习俗Costumeswereworntoconfuseorscareawaytheghoststheybelievedwerefreelyroaming（漫游）theEarthToday,althoughwenolongerbelievethatspiritsareflyingfreely,modernizedcostumesarewornatHalloweenbychildrengoingtrick-or-treatingandbyadultsseeking（寻找）funandamusement.过去，变装打扮是为了让鬼魂们搞不清楚，免得惹祸上身。现在，虽然人们不再相信鬼魂们会在阳间跑来跑去，但是小孩子还是会装扮自己到处玩不给糖就捣蛋的游戏﹔而大人则是觉得装扮自己有趣又好玩。ThecustomofTrick-or-Treatingoriginatedfromtheveryoldcustomofbeggingforsoulcakes.Soulcakeswerebakedgoodsofferedtosoulsofthedeparted.TheChristianChurchencouraged（鼓励）theneedygoingfromhometohomegatheringfoodatHarvesttime.Inreturnforthehelp,theygiveprayersfortherecentlydeceased（过世的）ofthefamily.不给糖就捣蛋的游戏起源于要灵魂饼干的习俗，所谓的灵魂饼干就是将烤好的饼干祭祀过世的人。后来，基督教会鼓励贫穷的人在收获的季节里挨家挨户地乞求食物，若是得到食物，这些穷人就会帮这家庭中过世的人祈祷以谢谢他们。Carvedpumpkinsaretraditionallyknownas“Jack-lanterns.”Traditionally,thejack-lanternwascarvedfromaturnipandlitwithaburningcandle.Theselanternsrepresentedthesoulsofdepartedandwereplacedinwindowsorsetonporchestowelcomethedeceased.TheyalsoservedasprotectionfromevilspiritsonHalloweennight.InNorthAmerica,turnipswerenotasavailable（可用的）,sothepumpkinwasusedandfoundtobeasuitablereplacement.众人皆知的杰克南瓜灯是刻在南瓜上，但人们一开始是在萝卜上刻灯笼，然后挖空并点燃蜡烛在里面，形成灯笼。这些灯笼代表着过世的亲友，并被放置在窗边或门廊上，以欢迎他们回来。他们也被视为可趋魔避邪的象征。在北美洲，萝卜很罕见，因此常见的南瓜就成了非常适合的代替品。Jack-lanternOnestoryaboutJack,anIrishman,wasnotallowedintoHeavenbecausehewasmean（吝啬的）withhismoney.Sohewassenttohell.ButdownthereheplayedtricksontheDevil(Satan),sohewaskickedoutofHellandmadetowalktheearthforevercarryingalantern一个故事,讲的是杰克,一个爱尔兰人,他是不允许进入天堂的,因为他吝啬他的钱。所以他被派去地狱。但是在那里他老是捉弄魔鬼撒旦,所以他被踢出地狱,罚走提着灯笼永远在人世里WhatdotheyeatatHalloween?他们在万圣节吃什么？Sugarhoarse声嘶力竭的糖恐怖与营养~Breadbabymummy木乃伊宝宝面包TerrorandNutrition~恐怖与营养~重点词汇总结1.deliberately（B5U4）2.origin（B3U1）3.abandoned（B7U3）4.occur（B8U1）5.rarely（B2U1）6.sense（B5U1）7.universal（B2U3）8.represent（B4U4）9.seek（B3U3）10.encourage（B7U1）11.available（B7U3）12.mean（B1U5）1.故意地2.起源3.废弃的4.出现5.稀有的6.感觉7.