过程装备与控制工程专业毕业设计

分类号单位代码11395密级学号学生毕业设计（论文）题目80m³石油液化气储罐的设计作者院(系)化学与化工学院专业过程装备与控制工程指导教师答辩日期2016年5月25日榆林学院毕业设计（论文）诚信责任书本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业设计（论文），是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的成果。毕业设计（论文）中凡引用他人已经发表或未发表的成果、数据、观点等，均已明确注明出处。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经公开发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人毕业设计（论文）与资料若有不实，愿意承担一切相关的法律责任。论文作者签名:年月日摘要I摘要石油液化气作为一种新型的燃料和基本的化工原料，它的应用已经越来越广泛。由于该气体易燃易爆，所以它的危险性特别大，但是却又不可缺少，所以，液化石油气储罐的设计和研究已愈演愈热。石油液化气储罐是储存和运输石油液化气的一种常用装置。常温液化石油气储罐一般有两种形式：圆筒形储罐和球形储罐。而在一般的中小型加气站内，通常用到的是卧式圆筒形储罐，因为此种储罐安装方便、制造工艺简单、有良好的受压能力，并且能有效的减少油耗等众多的优点，所以应用十分广泛。并且可以在机械加工厂成批量的制造，然后直接运往工地进行安装，用起来十分的方便。而它的缺点则是：容量小，占地面积太大，并且用的数量多。所以它基本上只应用于中小型的用气场所，例如：小型分配油库、城市和农村加气站等。因石油液化气储罐具有易燃易爆等特点，所以在设计和安装此种储罐时要综合它的自身特点，注意安全。所以，在提高液化石油气储罐设计的方面对液化石油气的储存和运输具有很重大的意义。关键词：石油液化气储罐；分类；80m³石油液化气储罐的设计IIABSTRACTLiquefiedpetroleumgasasanewtypeoffuelandbasicchemicalrawmaterials,itsapplicationhasbeenmoreandmorewidely.Duetotheflammableandexplosivegas,soitsriskisparticularlylarge,butindispensable,therefore,thedesignandresearchofliquefiedpetroleumgastankhasbeenincreasinglyheat.Liquefiedpetroleumgasstoragetankisacommonlyuseddeviceforstorageandtransportationofliquefiedpetroleumgas.Roomtemperatureofliquefiedpetroleumgastankgenerallyhastwokindsofforms:cylindricaltanksandsphericaltanks.Andingeneralinthesmallgasstation,usuallyusedishorizontalcylindricaltank,becausethistankinstallationconvenientandsimplemanufacturingprocess,goodcompressionability,andcaneffectivelyreducefuelconsumption,andmanyotheradvantages,soawiderangeofapplications.Andcanbeinthemechanicalprocessingplantintoalotofmanufacturing,andthendirectlytothesitetoinstall,useupveryconvenient.Anditsdisadvantagesare:smallcapacity,theareaistoolarge,andthenumberof.Itbasicallyappliesonlytosmallandmediumsizedgasplaces,suchasthesmallcityandruraldistributiondepot,gasstationetc..Forliquefiedpetroleumgasstoragetanktheinflammableandexplosivecharacteristics,sointhedesignandinstallationofthetanktoitsowncharacteristics,Caution.So,intheliquefiedpetroleumgastankdesigntoimprovethestorageandtransportationofliquefiedpetroleumgasisofgreatsignificance.Keyword：Liquefiedpetroleumgasstorage；tankClassification;目录III目录摘要...............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..................................................................................................................11.1石油液化气储罐的分类及特点........................................................................11.1.1卧式圆筒形储罐......................................................................................11.1.2球形储罐.........................................................................................................2第2章石油液化气储罐的设计....................................................................................42.1储罐的选择........................................................................................................42.1.1罐体和封头的选材确定..........................................................................42.1.2设计温度..................................................................................................52.1.3设计压力..................................................................................................52.2石油液化气储罐壁厚的计算.............................................................................52.2.1封头壁厚的计算......................................................................................72.2.2焊接接头系数......................................................................................82.3水压试验............................................................................................................82.3.1确定水压试验的试验应力值..................................................................82.3.2校核强度..................................................................................................92.4罐体人孔的选择和计算起其开孔补强...........................................................92.4.1人孔的选取..............................................................................................92.4.2开孔补强的设计计算..............................................................................92.5鞍座选型和结构设计..............................................................................122.5.1鞍座的承压.............................................................................................122.5.2鞍座的选取............................................................................................122.5.3鞍座的安装位置....................................................................................132.6液面计的选择.................................................................................................1480m³石油液化气储罐的设计IV2.7接管.................................................................................................................142.7.1排污管....................................................................................................142.7.2石油液化气进出料管的选择.........................................