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什么是介词?它的作用是什么?02Hegoestoschoolbybike(名词).04Thebookisonthedesk(名词).Heisinterestedindrawing(动名词).0301Lookatme(代词).介词的分类和成分作用表示时间的介词表示位置、方位的介词常用“一词多用”介词CONTENTS01020304其他用途的介词05考点一介词的分类和成分作用PART01介词的分类in,on,at,for,by,from,about,with,since,after,before,ago,by,tillwithin,without,inside,outside,into,throughoutbecauseof,insteadof,lookforwardto,inspiteof,accordingto,owingto0102030405Fromthelibrarytotheteachingbuildingis5minutes’walk.主语Thebookisunderthedesk.表语Theyleaveinahurry.状语Theapplesonthetreetastegood.定语Ithinkeverythingoutofcontrol.补语介词短语的成分作用【例】Isawhimwalking________thestreet.A.alongB.fromC.inD.to【正确选项】A【考查内容】介词短语walkalong的用法【答题分析】结合句意“我看见他沿着大街走去。”介词短语walkalong表示“沿着……走”,在句子中作状语,可排除B、C、D三项,故选A项。()①Theyfoundthemachine________abadstate.A.inB.atC.onD.toA考点二常用“一词多用”介词PART0201020304inthecar①在……里面insummer②在……时候,后接年、月、季节in2hours③在……之后,后接时间段inChinese④用……(语言、材料)010203onthefloor①在……上面onFriday②在……时候,后接日期、星期atextbookonthehistoryofChina③关于010203athome①在……(后接小地点)at7o’clocka.m.②在……时候,后接时间点atalowprice③以……(后接速度、价格)torunforexercise①为了……,表目的IoncetaughtMathfor2years.②因为,由于……,表原因tocryforpain③后接时间段,表动作持续的时间Ipaid$50forit.④以……价格(或支付);交换;作为……的补偿)togobythebook①根据,依据……madebyhand②通过……(方式、手段)bybike③使用……(交通工具)Bebackbyteno’clock.④到……为止,在……以前ahousebyariver⑤在……附近,旁边Imetherbychance.⑥因为,由于……fromnoontomidnight①从……,后接时间tosufferfromacold遭受,蒙受;经受;体验到(痛苦等)②从……,后接地点togofromLondontoParis③由于……,由……引起about5o’clockastoryaboutlove①大约②关于2413①和……一起Staywithme.②带着……,表伴随的一种状态enterwithconfidence③用……工具tostirwithaspoon④因为,由于……faintwithhunger饿得发晕【例】Theyfought________theirfreedom.A.atB.inC.forD.to【正确选项】C【考查内容】介词for的用法【答题分析】结合句意“他们为了自由而战。”选项中只有介词for可以表示“为了……”,故选C项。()①Iamsorry________whatIsaidtoyou.A.atB.inC.forD.to()②Sheissinging________morningtonight.A.fromB.inC.sinceD.afterCA考点三表示时间的介词PART03介词用法练习at表示“在某一时刻”,通常放在时间点前①atnoon/night②inthe21stcentury③inwinter④onJanuary1st⑤in2018⑥inJune⑦onFriday⑧inthemorning⑨atseveno’clockon表示“在具体的某一天”in表示“在某个世纪、年、季节、月及泛指的上午、下午、晚上”1.Filltheblankswithproperpreposition.①onthemorningofOctober1st②onarainyafternoon③onaneveningwithheavysnow当morning、afternoon、evening被其他词所修饰,表示特指的某一天早、中、晚时,前面的介词应用on。2.Translation.①下周一我将要去上海。IwillgotoShanghainextMonday.②你去年去了巴黎吗?DidyougotoParislastyear?当morning、afternoon、evening、Monday(星期)、January(月份)、year、week等名词前有this、that、last、next等词修饰时,其前面的介词通常省略。介词用法for后面常接时间段,表示“一段时间;动作所持续的时间”,多与完成时连用;可用来回答“howlong”发起的提问in后面常接时间段,表示“在……之后”,用于将来时态;可用来回答“howsoon”发起的提问since后面常接时间点,表示“自……以来(直到现在)”,多与完成时连用after后面常接时间点,表示“在……之后”,多用于过去时①—Howlonghaveyoubeenateacher?—(Ihavebeenateacher)For7years.②—Howsoonwillyoufinishthetask?—(Iwillfinishthetask)Inabout2hours.③ShehasstudiedinEnglandsince2017.④Theystarteddancingafter3o’clockp.m.介词用法举例before表示“在……以前”,用于完成时①Hesaidhehadfinishedtheworkthreedaysbefore.②Thetrainleavesat8o’clock,soyou’dbetterbethereby7:50.③Theparkisopentill/until5p.m.by表示“在……以前,不迟于;到……为止”till/until表示“直到……为止”ShewatchedTVtill/untilhermothercameback.她看电视直到她母亲回来。(看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束)Shedidn’twatchTVuntilhermothercameback.直到她母亲回来她才(开始)看电视。(看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发生)用于肯定句时,主句的动词只用延续性的,它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止,意为“直到……为止”;用于否定句时,一般使用until,意为“直到……(才)”。介词用法举例during表示“在……期间,在特定的时间里”,其后的名词前要用定冠词或表示特定意义的代词。①Whatdidyoudoduringthewintervacation?②Timtreated(对待)melikehissonthroughtheseyears.through表示“一直……,自始至终”【例】JayChou,thefamoussinger,wasborn______January,1979.A.atB.onC.inD.to【正确选项】C【考查内容】时间介词in的用法【答题分析】月份前面用介词in,由表示月份的关键词January,可排除A、B、D三项,故选C项。()①—WhenisHenry’sbirthdayparty,Lynn?—________abouttwoo’clockintheafternoon.A.InB.AtC.OnD.To()②Shehasbeenill________severaldays.A.forB.inC.sinceD.afterBA()③Hehasn’theardfromhisson________lastwinter.A.atB.inC.sinceD.forC考点四表示位置、方位的介词PART04NorthWestSouthEastoninto表示“A在B里面”表示“A和B相邻(接壤)”表示“A和B不相邻(不接壤)”AliesintheeastofB.AliesonthewestofB.AliestothesouthofB.BeijingisinthenorthofChina.1.北京在中国的北部。KoreaisonthenortheastofChina.2.朝鲜在中国的东北面。JapanistotheeastofChina.3.日本位于中国的东边。表示“在……”,后接较大的地点表示“在……”,后接较小的地点①HelivesatNo.27ZhongshanstreetinWuhan.②I’llwaitforyouatthebusstop.belowonunderaboveover①Thereisanappleonthetable.②ThereisabridgeovertheChangjiangriver.③Theysatunderabigappletree,drinking.④Abirdflewaboveourheads.⑤Theshipdisappearedbelowthehorizon.①Abankwasbuiltnearourschool.②Sitdownby/besideme.③Webothlookeddownatthenewspaperbesidehim.④Who’stheboystandingnexttoyou?①WhatJackhaddonewasbeyondmycomprehension.②Heidentifiedhisbaggageamonghundredsofothers.③Therearemanytreesandflowersaroundthehouse.④Itfeelscoldoutside.⑤Goinsidethehouse.⑥ThisshipwentbetweenChinaandJapan.①Thereisacomputerinthefrontoftheclassroom.②Ariverflowsinfrontofthehouse.③Hesatbehindme.①Isawthemrunningtogetheralongtheroadyesterday.②It'ssomuchsafertogetacrosstheroadwithtrafficlights.③Themoonlightpouredinthroughthewindow.【例】Twoplanesareflying________thecity.A.throughB.onC.overD.below【正确选项】C【考查内容】方位介词over的用法【答题分析】句意:两架飞机正在城市上方飞翔。through表示“穿过”,强调从内部穿过;on表示“在……上面”,表面相互接触;over表示“在……正上方”,二者不接触;below表示“在……下方,低于……”,故选C项。()①Thestreetistoonarrowforthebustogo________.A.throughB.acrossC.onD.in()②Doyouseethekite________thebuilding?A.overB.acrossC.onD.aboveBD()③Tomtoldmeh
本文标题:英语 介词-课件
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