中考英语专题复习--介词

Prepositions一.表示时间介词三.表示方位介词二.表示地点介词四.表示方法、手段五.常见介词的搭配prepositiontimeplacemovementusages介词+名./代.(宾格)/动词-ing2010Marchspringthemorningthefuture7:30nighttheageof19first/lastthemomentMondayMarch5March5th,2010MondaymorningholidayChildren’sDayinonatPrepositionsoftime时间介词Conclusion:总结•表示较长时间如：世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词in。inthe19thcentury;2010;March;spring;themorning;thefuture•表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、中午/夜晚/子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯用法中要用at。at7.30;theageof19;noon/night/midnight;lunchtime;first/last；atChristmasonMonday;March5th;March5th,2010;Children’sDay;acoldmorning;holiday•表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、有修饰上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词on。1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o’clock__themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,in4.Wefinishourlessons___11:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at2.1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.I’llbeback5:00pm.A.forB.afterC.in在……之后（内）用于将来时in+时间段在……之后用于过去时after+时间段after+时间点for和since的区别1.Hehasbeenateacher___10years.2.____2000,TomhasstudiedEnglish.3.JackandJohnhavebeenawayfromShanghai______fiveyearsago.forSincesince•since:(自从)后加时间点•for:后加时间段3.for+时段since+时段+agosince+时间点since+一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时1.Hecamehere__1992,andhehaslivedhere___1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for3.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehe__here.A.comeB.cameC.comes4.Theoldmanhasbeenaway___twoyearsago.A.inB.sinceC.for4.before在……之前(后接时间点或从句）常用于一般将来时和过去完成时by到……时为止,不迟于……(=notlaterthan)1.Hewon’tcomeback___five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Theworkmustbefinished__Friday.A.atB.byC.after3.Wehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by•表示持续一段时间用介词:•表示“自……以来”,从过去某一时刻到现在,用介词,用于现在完成时。•表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词。•表示“在……的期间”要用介词,表示在特定的时间里。•表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止,用介词。Conclusion:forfor＋段时间sincefrom…to…duringtill/until•until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首,不可延续的则用not…until二.表示地点和方位的介词1.on在……的上面,与表面接触over在……的正上方,不接触表面under在……下面(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge__theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg___theplate?A.onB.inC.over3.Thelight__usisverybright.A.overB.underC.on2.above在……上方below在……下方,是above的反义词1.Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It’s___theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above•infrontof是在物体的前面例如:教室前有个花园。e.g.Thereisagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.•inthefrontof是在物体的前面例如:教室前有张桌子。e.g.Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.外部内部infrontof和inthefrontof的区别•at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。•over,above和on均表示“在……上面”,over反义词是under;above反义词是below;on指两个物体表面有接触。•infrontof表示“在……前面”其反义词是behind;inthemiddleof表示“在……的中间”。•between表示在两者之间,among表示“在……中”数目为三者或三者以上,around表示围绕在四周。•beside表示“在旁边”,inside表示“在……内”,outside表示“在……外”。Conclusion:•near/by/nextto表示“在……旁边”。•opposite表示“在……对面”。•Bis___theeastofA.•Dis___theeastofA.•Cis___theeastofA.1.Japanis___theeastofAsia.2.Japanis___theeastofChina.3.Koreais___thenortheastofChina.northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoon三.方位介词1.in在某范围之内to在某范围之外on与某地相邻、接壤1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongoliais___thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to三.方位介词Task3:Runquickly!throughacrossupdownoverround四、Prepositionsofmovement运动介词横穿从内部穿过cross/across表面穿过through中间穿过1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom___thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.past2.Youcango___theroadhere.A.acrossB.throughC.past3.Canyouswim____theriver.A.acrossB.throughC.past表示方式或手段的介词by,in,on,with用，以……方式•1.by:+加不加冠词的交通工具+某种手段，方法等•2.on:+a/the/sb’s+交通工具••+the+通讯工具•3.in:+a/the/sb’s+car/taxi•+声音，语言bybus/air/train/planeonthebus,onmybikeinmycar,inataxiinahighvoice,inEnglishbyreadingaloudonthephone4.with:+某种具体的工具withaknife\stone+人的某种器官•withmyrighthand表伴随状态（一个主要动作+次要动作）•Hecamewithacupofteainhishand.1.Theboyusuallywrites_____aredpen.2.Icanwritealetter_____English.3.Heoftengoestoschool______bike.4.Shealwaystalks_____alowvice.5.Theytalked____thetelephone.6.Hewenttoschool_____hisbike.7.Wehear____ourearsandsee____oureyes.8.Hesucceeded____goodluck/workinghardwithinbyinononwithwithby1.Shecameuptome,_____asmile_____herface.A.with;inB.like;onC.with;onD.without;at2.Isthegirl_____red_____dutytoday?A.with;onB.on;forC.of;atD.in;on•其他介词：•1.besides•except•2.with,without•3.against,for•for:为了(目的），去（方向），对于，由于•已有……时间了•4.along•5.around除了之外还有…..除了沿着在…周围/附近，大约•其他介词：•1.Allthestudentswentout______Yehong.•2.Theearthmoves_______thesun.•3.Theywalked______theriver.•4.Areyou______or______theplan?•5.______astudent,Imuststudyhard.•Sheboughttheumbrella______you.•Theyhadleft_____Beijing.exceptaroundalongagainstforAsforfor•其他介词：•7.Jimisverymuch______hisfather.•______hishelp,Ipassedtheexam.•Hedoesn’tlook______hisfather.•Shewenttowork______heavybreakfast.•Shewenttowork________breakfast.•IwishIcanswim______adolphin.•Heran______abankonhiswayhome.•likelikelikeWithwithwithoutpaston作介词的短语(时间)•1.在一个下雨的晚上•2.准时•3.值日•4.在经商，商务活动中onarainyeveningontimeondutyonbusinessat作介词的短语(时间)•1.在...岁时•2.同时•3.在...结束时•4.在...开始时•5.在那一刻•6.在中午/晚上attheageofatthesam