论跨文化交际中中西方礼仪差异研究

分类号：H31密级：无学士学位论文论跨文化交际中的中西方礼仪差异研究AResearchontheDifferencesofChineseandWesternEtiquetteinCrossCulturalCommunication系别专业：西语系商务英语姓名学号：马婷婷1305040214年级班级：2013级2班指导教师及职称：陆海霞2017年4月吉林师范大学博达学院学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在指导教师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。除了论文中特别加以标注的地方外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。申请学位论文与资料若有不实之处，本人承担一切相关责任。作者签字：日期：年月日指导教师签字：日期：年月日摘要在世界多元文化共存、相互交流日益频繁的形势下,人们对跨文化交际中中西方礼仪差异有了新的认识。在跨文化交际背景下,中西方文化差异的表现形式包括商务礼仪中的语言差异、中西方宴会礼仪差异以及中西方家庭礼仪差异。本研究主要针对跨文化交际中中西方文化差异的上述表现形式深入进行分析，通过分析中西方礼仪各方面的差异,反映出中西方文化在语言,餐桌礼仪等的丰富多样性。不同的国家有不同的文化特征，无论文化是好还是坏。不同的国家文化有不同的魅力，都值得我们学习和借鉴，有助于我们提高跨文化交际的有效性,更好的进行跨文化交际。关键词：跨文化交际；西方；礼仪；文化差异AbstractUnderthesituationofmulticulturalcoexistenceandmutualcommunication,peoplehaveanewunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternetiquette.Underthebackgroundofcross-culturalcommunicationbetweenChineseandwestern,theformsofculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWestincludelanguagedifferencesinbusinessetiquette,differencesinceremonialanddifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfamilyetiquette.ThisresearchmainlyforChineseandwesternculturaldifferencesincross-culturalcommunication,formthethoroughanalysis,byanalyzingthedifferencebetweendifferentChineseandwesternetiquette,reflecttherichdiversityofChineseandwesterncultureinlanguage,tablemanners.Differentcountrieshavedifferentculturalcharacteristics,whethercultureisgoodorbad.Differentnationalculturehavedifferentcharm,allofthemareworthlearningandusingforreferenceandhelpingustoimprovetheeffectivenessofinterculturalcommunication,cross-culturalcommunicationbetter.Keywords：Cross-culturalcommunication;ChineseandWestern;differences;etiquette11.IntroductionWiththedevelopmentofreformandopeningup,interculturalcommunicationisincreasing,andthedifferencesbetweenChinaandthewest.BecauseofthedifferentculturalbackgroundsofdifferentcountriesandthegreatdifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures,thesedifferencesleadtounnecessarymisunderstandingandjokes.ThepurposeofthispaperistostudythedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternetiquetteininterculturalcommunication,suchasdailyexpressions,banquetetiquetteandfamilyetiquette.Thishelpstopromotetheeconomic,politicalandculturalcontactsbetweenChineseandWesterninterculturalcommunication.2.TheDifferencesofBusinessEtiquetteLanguageinInterculturalCommunicationEverynationhasitsownlanguage.Thelanguageshaveuniquemeaningandcharacteristicsineachnation.ChineseandWesternpeopleareunderthedifferentbackground,sothemisleadingoflanguagesisnormal.Andlearningakindoflanguageisalsoknowingaboutacountry’sculture.Westernceremoniesemphasizepractical,expressivestraightforward.OrientalpolitemannerscomparedwiththeWesternmanners,itoftenappearshumbleandsubtle.2.1DailygreetingDailygreeting,Chinesepeoplemostlyuse“Doyoueat?”“Wheredoyoueat?”andsoon.Thisreflectsakindofintimacybetweenpeople.ForWesterners,thiswayofgreetingmakestheothersidefeelconfused,embarrassed,orevenunpleasantbecausewesternersunderstandthisquestionasa“interrogate”andthinktheothersideisaskinghisorherprivatelife.IntheWest,whenpeoplegreetwitheachother,theyjustsay,“Hello”,“Goodmorning!”,“Howareyoudoing”,etc.Indailylife,westernpeopleareusedtotalkabouttheweather.ButinChina,theymayask“whereareyougoing?”Inwesternculture,theywillanswerimpolite“Ithasnothingtodowithyou.”Thedifferentconceptcausesthemisleading.22.2AppellationGenerallyspeaking,inChina,callingpeople’sgivennameonlyoccurswhentheyareverycloseortheyarefamiliar.ButintheWest,“callpeople’sgivenname”isimpoliteinsomesituations.IntheWest,peopleusuallyuse“gentleman”and“lady”tocallastrangerorsomeonewhomtheyarenotfamiliarwith.Theycallunmarriedfemale“Miss”andmarriedfemale“Mrs”,oruse“Ms”toaddressbothmarriedandunmarriedfemales.Asforfamilymembers,regardlessoflongevity,generallytheycalleachother’snameornickname.Athome,theyjustcalltheirfather’sandmother'snamedirectly.Inaddition,allthemaleelderscanbecalled“uncle”,andallfemaleelderscanbecalled“aunt”.ButinChina,wemustdistinguishbetweenseniority,theyoung,theoldorotherrelations,otherwisethisisregardedasimpolite.IntheWest,callingpeople’sgivennameshowtheircloserelationshipormeansbeingfriendly.Peopleliketocalltheirnamesandthisoftenhappensatthebeginningofaconversation.InChina,peopleliketobecalledwithatitle,thatis,familynameplusatitle,suchasManagerLiu,PresidentZhang,etc.becausethisisasymbolofstatus.ButintheWest,peoplerarelyuseformaltitlestocallothers.Officialtitlesonlyforjudges,seniorgovernmentofficials,officers,doctors,professorsandseniorreligiousfigures.ItisworthnotingthattheWesthasneverusedadministrativedutiessuchastheSecretary,Managers,Principalsandothertitlestocallothers.2.3FarewellTherearemanydifferentfarewellsincrossculturalcommunication.Ifthefarewelltothepatient,theChinesepeopleoftensay“drinkplentyofwater”,“wearmoreclothes”,“gotobedearly”,“thepatientcancare”andsoon,ButtheWesternerswillneversaylikethat,becauseitwouldbeconsideredtobefinger-piercing.Forexample,theywillsay“morecare”or“hopeyourecoversoon”andsoon.Forexample,whentheChinesepeoplegotootherpeople’shome,iftheywanttoleave,mostofthemwillsay“I'dbetterbeleavingnow.Youmustbeverytired.”Whil