中考英语语法之状语从句讲解及练习

中考专题二状语从句主讲老师：任帅概念：状语从句在句中作状语分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1．when,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1)WhenEg:WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.注意：when从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。Eg:When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.2)AsAs除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”Eg:Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。Eg:Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.注意：while还有“然而”的意思。eg:Ipreferblacktea,whilehelikescoffee.2．until,not…until“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。肯定句：Iwaiteduntilmidnight.否定句：Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.注意：1）notuntil…在句首，主句用倒装eg:NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.2)Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.3.theminute,themoment,eachtime表示“一```就```”eg:Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.4.hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”eg:Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.注意：hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首，主句用倒装eg:HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.5.Bythetime+状从（过去时），主句（过去完成时）Bythetime+状从（现在时），主句（将来完成时）Bythetimeshecameback,alltheguesthadleft.Bythetimetheclassisover,wewillhavefinishedlearningthewholepassage.练习题1.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless?2.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas?4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.whenever???B.until??C.while???D.wherever5.Irecognizedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once?6.Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when7.________Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until8._____JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.WhileD.Till9.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)______theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as10.NosoonerhadIarrivedhome_____itbegantorain.A.whenB.whileC.asD.than11.Severalweekshadgoneby_____Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.as??B.before??C.since???D.when12.It_____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe;willknow???B.is;willknow???C.willnotbe;know?D.is;know13.–Whatwasthepartylike???--Wonderful.?It’syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.after??B.before??C.when??D.since14.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_____.A.willarrive?B.arrives??C.isgoingtoarrive??D.isarriving15._____gotintotheroom_____thetelephonerang.A.Hehardlyhad;then??B.Hardlyhadhe;when??C.Hehadnot;then??D.Nothadhe;when二.条件状语从句1.概念：条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。2..条件状语从句的引导词1).IfIfyouaskhim，hewillhelpyou．Ifyoufailintheexam，youwilllethimdown．2).unless（if...not...）Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.3).so/aslongasYoumayborrowmybookaslongasyoukeepitclean.4)provided/providing(that),onconditionthatIshallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.3．关于条件句的时态，常见的有以下三种情况：1、主将从现WhenIgrowup,I’llbeanurseandlookafterpatients.2、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。Ifyouwanttohaveachat,callmeup.3、如果主句是含有情态动词时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。Youshouldbequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom.练习题1.Ifyou_____totheparty,you’llhaveagreattime.A.willgo?B.went?C.go??D.going2.Itwillbealongtime____Peter_____hiswork.A.since,hasfinished??B.after,finishes??C.when,willfinish??D.before,finishes.3.Whatwillfatherbringus,______hecomesfromChina.A.if?B.when??C.aslongas??D.untill4.IfWangFang____________me,_________meatonce.A.need,tellB.needs,tellingC.need,tellingD.needs,tell5．I____hertheanswerifshe____me.A.cantell,willask??B.willtell,willask?C.wouldtell,ask??D.willtell,asks6.–Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow??--We’llgotothelibrarytomorrowifit___.A.isn’train?B.rain??C.won’train?D.doesn’train7.—Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?--Sorry,Idon’tknow.Whenhe____back,I’lltellyou.A.comes?B.willcome??C.come??D.maycome8.Whatwillyoudoifyou_____totheoldfolk’shomevisit?A.go??B.went??C.going??D.willgo9.___________Ieatmuchfood,I’llbeveryfat.A.Although??B.if??C.while?D.because10.I’llnotgivethebooktohim________hewillcomeherenextSunday.A.if??B.aslongas??C.though???D.unless11.There____anEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.isgoingtohave?B.willhave??C.isgoingtobe??D.has12.Couldyoutelluswhere____？A.willthenextOlympicGamesheld?B.thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC.wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD.thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld13.Whenmymotherreturnedlastnight,I____?abook.A.read??B.amreading??C.wasreading?D.amgoingtoread14.What____you____whenitbegantorain?A.do,do?B.were,doing?C.are,doing?D.did,do15.I’llwakeyouupwhenhe____back.A.will??B.isgoingtocome??C.comes???D.come三．让步状语从句1.概念：一般翻译为“尽管……即使……”就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。2.引导