外商直接投资的就业效应分析-以四川省为例

I外商直接投资的就业效应分析-以四川省为例摘要新古典经济理论认为，外商直接投资可以促进经济增长，特别是一些发展中国家可以通过外商直接投资来吸引先进技术，解决当地就业问题。随着“西部大开发”的提出，四川省作为我国西部利用FDI最多的一个省份，FDI对四川的就业效应日趋成为学者们研究的重要课题。本文首先在阐述FDI、就业以及FDI就业效应等基本概念的基础上对四川省近年来FDI的流入情况和就业情况做了一简单的介绍，然后运用Eviews3.0软件建立了回归模型就FDI对就业的贡献进行了实证分析和实证检验，结果表明：FDI对就业有正效应。其次运用FDI就业效应的传导机制结合四川的情况对FDI的就业效应做了具体的分析，最后就四川实际情况提出了提升FDI就业效应的政策建议。关键词FDI，就业，实证分析，FDI的就业效应，政策建议攀枝花学院本科毕业论文ABSTRACTIIABSTRACTNeoclassicaleconomictheorysuggeststhatforeigndirectinvestmentcanpromoteeconomicgrowth，particularlyinsomedevelopingcountriesthroughforeigndirectinvestmenttoattractadvancedtechnologiestoaddresslocalemploymentissues.Withthe“westerndevelopment”,theproposedFDIinChina’swesternSichuanprovinceasoneofthelargestprovince,FDIontheemploymenteffectsofSichuanscholarsincreasinglybecomeanimportantresearchtopic.ThispaperfirstdescribesFDI,employmentandemploymenteffectofFDIonthebasisofbasicconceptssuchasSichuanprovinceinrecentyears,FDIinflowsandemploymentsituation,andsoabriefintroduction,andthenuseEviews3.0softwaretoestablisharegressionmodelofFDIcontributiontoemploymentempiricalanalysisandempiricalresultsshowthat:FDIhasapositiveeffectonemployment.Second,theuseofthetransmissionmechanismofemploymenteffectsofFDIcombinedwithSichuansituationontheemploymenteffectsofFDItomakeaspecificanalysisoftheactualsituationinSichuanfinallyenhanceemploymenteffectsofFDIpolicyrecommendations.KeywordsFDI，Employment，Empiricalanalysis，FDIemploymenteffects，Policyadvice目录摘要........................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.................................................................................................................II绪论...........................................................................................................................1一、FDI与就业的相关概述........................................................................................2（一）外商直接投资的概念与动机...................................................................................21．外商直接投资的概念............................................................................................22．外商直接投资的动机............................................................................................2（二）就业的衡量指标....................................................................................................2（三）外商直接投资的就业效应......................................................................................31．外商直接投资就业效应的概念..............................................................................32．外商直接投资就业效应的作用机理.......................................................................3二、四川省近年来FDI与就业的现状.......................................................................4（一）四川省近年来FDI流入情况...................................................................................4（二）四川省近年来的总就业形势...................................................................................5三、FDI的就业效应分析——基于回归分析............................................................7（一）回归模型的建立....................................................................................................7（二）回归模型的统计检验.............................................................................................8四、外商直接投资就业效应的具体分析...................................................................9（一）FDI的短期就业效应..............................................................................................91．FDI的进入方式对就业的影响...............................................................................92．FDI的经营模式对就业的影响.............................................................................103．FDI与内资的关系对就业的影响.........................................................................10（二）FDI的长期就业效应............................................................................................111．FDI的产业关联效应对就业的影响......................................................................112．FDI的结构调整效应对就业的影响......................................................................123．FDI的技术变迁效应对就业的影响......................................................................13五、提升FDI就业效应的政策建议.........................................................................15（一）优化外资的进入方式，大力引导跨国并购............................................................15（二）限制外资的经营模式，规定外资的股权参与比例.................................................15（三）优化资本结构，使内外资本协调发展...................................................................16（四）协调外资的产业投向,加大对第三产业FDI的引进...............................................16（五）加强人力资源开发，提高就业质量......................................................................16参考文献...............................................................................................................................17致谢.............................................................................................................................................181绪论随着经济全球化的进一步加深，各个国家都出台相应的宏观政策来调节经济。物价稳定、充分就业、经济增长、国际收支平衡作为宏观调控的四个主要目标，他们之间存在着既矛盾又统一的关系。四川作为我国西部发展最快人口最多的一个省份，充分就业和经济增长显得更加重要。而四川的一个实际状况是劳动力资源很丰富但是资本相对匮乏，失业率较高，就业质量也不佳，因此，政