Lecture_10_Alfred_Tennyson

TheWonderfulWorldofPoetry…AlfredTennysonDramaticPoetry:DramatizesactionthoughdialogueormonologueNarrativePoetry:TellsastoryLyricPoetry:ExpressesPersonalthoughtsandEmotionsI.TypesofPoetryWhentheAuthorofapoemwritessomething,butdoesn’treallymeanitliterally.majortypes:MetaphorSimilePersonificationHurry!Timeisabouttorunout!Othertypes:MetonymyHyperboleUnderstatementII.ElementsofPoetry:figurativelanguageWhenhumanlikequalitiesaregiventoananimalorobject.Example:Anoverlygregariouspuppy.Adecrepitoldcar.1.Personification2.SimilesWhenyoucomparesomethingusinglikeoras.Theriverispeaceful,likeanewbabysleeping.AcomparisonNOTusinglikeoras.“ItistheEast,andJulietisthesun!”Ohbrightangel,speakagain!”Romeo,“RomeoandJuliet”,WilliamShakespeare3.MetaphorsWhentheauthorprovidesvisualpicturesasyouread.Inapoem,youcanoftenseetheimagestheauthorwritesaboutThespringflowers,vibrant,electrifiedwiththenewnessofspringWhoistheSpeakerofthePoem?Whatistheirtone?ThePointofviewcanbetheactualpoethim/herself,butmayalsobeananimal,aninanimateobject,orafictionalcharacter.6.IronyWhensomethingthatwasn’texpectedhappens.Orwhentheoppositeofwhatisexpectedhappens.Forexample:In“IncidentinaRoseGarden”Thedevilwasn’tcomingforthegardener,hewascomingforthefarmer!1).Connotation:Thewayawordmakesusfeel.Wordscangiveusdifferentfeelingswhenwehearthem…somepositive,somenegative,andeverythinginbetween!2).Denotation:Theactualdictionarydefinitionoftheword.7.WordChoice/Diction8.MusicalDevicesAlliterationWhenthesamesoundisrepeatedatthebeginningofwords.candycoveredcoconuts.AssonanceWhenthesamevowelsoundisusedinwordsthroughoutapieceofwritingThatisthewaywewillpraytoday,okay?ConsonanceWhenthesameconsonantsoundisusedthroughoutapieceofwriting.Slowsadmurmurofdistantseas.9.Onomatopoeiawordthatexpressessound…Zip,zoom,bang,boomIn“Winter”Thereareexamples…10.RimeAKARhymeEndRimeRimeattheendsoflinesStopbeforeyourstartBestillmybeatingheartInternalRimeRimethatoccurswithinlinesOnceuponmidnightdrearywhileIponderedweakandwearyRimeSchemeThepatternofrimesinapoemSinklikeastonethat’sbeenthrownintheoceanAMylogicisdrownedinaseaofemotionAStopbeforeyourstartBBestillmybeatingheartBIII.FormsofPoetrySomeforms…HaikuCinquainConcreteSomeforms…BalladSonnetVillanellePoetryinwhichauthorsusebothwordsandphysicalshapetoconveyamessage.AnotherConcretePoemIV.VictorianpoetryTheVictorianageproducedtwogreatEnglishpoets:Browning&Tennyson.Theirpoetrywascharacterizedbyexperimentswithnewstylesandnewwaysofexpression.BrowninghaspavedthewayformodernEnglishpoetryinthetwentiethcentury.Victorianpoetrydevelopedinthecontextofthenovel.Poetssoughtnewwaysoftellingstoriesinverse.AllpoetsshowthestronginfluenceoftheRomantics,butcannotsustaintheconfidencetheRomanticsfeltinthepoweroftheimagination.VictorianpoetsoftenrewriteRomanticpoemswithasenseofbelatedness.Dramaticmonologue–theideaofcreatingalyricpoeminthevoiceofaspeakerironicallydistinctfromthepoetisthegreatachievementofVictorianpoetry.V.AlfredLordTennyson1.LifeStoryTennysonBornin1809,atSomersbyinLincolnshireHisfatherwasavicarThewholefamilylivedbygiftfromlandedproprietorsseveredepressionGraduatedfromCambridge183018311832PublishedhisfirstvolumeAppearedhissecondvolumenotwellreceivedleaveCambridgeTheMiller’sDaughter（磨坊主的女儿）TheMayQueen（五月女王）HebeganhislongseriesofidyllsofEnglishlife.1836WenttolivenearLondon,for10yearshepublishednothing1842Cameforthwith2volumes，EstablishedTennyson’scareerasawriter1847ThePrincess（公主）appearedAboutthehigheducationofwomen1850InMemoriam（悼念）1859-1885IdyllsoftheKing（国王之歌）Deathin18922.HisMajorPoeticalWorksInMemoriam《悼念》1833—1850131shortpoemsthedeathofafriendArthurHenryHallamrelationsbetweenreligionandscienceIdyllsoftheKing《国王之歌》1850—188512metricaltalesKingArthurandhisKnightsoftheRoundTableTennyson’sBest-knownShortPoems“Break,Break,Break”“拍吧，拍吧，拍吧”CrossingtheBar“穿过沙洲”sadnessoverthelossofadearfriend,combiningnaturewithhisinnerworld3.Understanding:Break,Break,Break1).TypeofWorkandDateofCompositionBreak,Break,BreakisalyricpoemthatAlfredTennyson(1809-1892)wasbelievedtohavecompletedin1834.ItcentersonTennyson'sgriefoverthedeathofhisbestfriend,ArthurHallam,afellowpoet.Inthispoem,thepoet’sownfeelingsofgriefstandsinsharpcontrastwiththecarefree,innocentjoysofthechildrenandtheapatheticmotionoftheshipandthewaves.Lyricalpoetrypresentsthedeepfeelingsandemotionsofthepoetasopposedtopoetrythattellsastoryorpresentsawittyobservation.Alyricpoemoftenhasapleasingmusicalquality.ThewordlyricderivesfromtheGreekwordforlyre,astringedinstrumentinusesinceancienttimes.2).RhymeSchemeandMeterLines2and4ofeachstanzahaveendrhyme.Themeterinthepoemvaries,buttheanapesticfootcreatesthemusicalityofthepoem,asinthefollowinglines:iambanapestanapestiambButO|fortheTOUCH|ofaVAN|ishedHAND,anapest.anapestanapestAndtheSOUND|ofaVOICE|thatisSTILL!3).RhetoricalDevicesFollowingareexamplesoffiguresofspeechandotherrhetoricaldevicesinBreak,Break,Break:Apostrophe(Lines1and2):Thenarratoraddressesthesea.PersonificationandmetaphoralsooccurinLines1and2,forthepoetregardstheseaasahumanbeing.Alliteration(Line8):boatontheba