新人教必修一 Unit 4 Earthquakes-Learning about language[

Learningaboutlanguage1.Findthecorrectwordorexpressionsforeachofthefollowingmeanings.ofnouseallthepeopleinacountryalotofmatterthatisnotcleanuselessnationagreatnumberofdirtfinishedverygreatindegreeimmediatelygasthathotwatergivesoutrightawaysteamatanendextrememakesomeonefeelverysurprisedmetalbarsthatatrainmovesalongsavesomethingorsomebodyfromdangerthepartofabuildingleftaftertheresthasbeendestroyedshocktrackrescueruin3.Completethepassagewithwordsfromthetext.Itwasafrighteningnight.Thedamcrackedandthen______undertheweightofthewater.Thewaterwentalloverthefieldsand_________quiteafewvillagesalongtheriver.Somebuildingswerein______andsomefarmerswere_______atthetopoftheirhouses.burstdestroyedruinstrappedThewaterfilledthecanalsandthe_____.Deadbodiesand_______animalswereseeneverywhere.Peoplewere_______,buttheyhadto_____thedeadbodiesforhealthreasons.Itwasaverysadtime.wellsinuredshockedbury4.Workingroups.Readsomeofthesentencesandcompletetheothers.Thenchoosethebesttoreadtotheclass.◎Whentheearthquakecame,itwasasiftheworldwasatanend.◎Whenthehousesfelldown,itsoundedasif_______________________.amountainhadblownup◎Whenthedambroke,itlookedasiftheseahadarrivedsuddenlyonourdoorstep.◎Whenthebrickscoveredtheground,itwasasif___________________________.◎Whenthecoalminesfell,thegroundabovelookedasifitwouldcrack.◎Whenthecowsrandowntheroad,theylookedasif__________________________________.stoneswereflowinglikewatertheyweredrivenbyanunseenhand◎Whentheshockhitus,wefeltasifweweregoingtodie.◎Whenthenationturnedtohelpusinourneed,itseemedasif_____________________________________________________.allChinawasthinkingofusandwascomingtoouraidGrammar定语从句TheAttributiveClause引导定语从句关系代词的用法：that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.3)Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.(主语)(宾语)(主语)(宾语)that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。NoteThisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。3.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.1.Theearthquake___________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople__________losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.that/whichthat/whowhich/that6.Harryistheboy______motherisourmathsteacher.4.Ahouse__________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople______________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.which/thatwho/whom/thatwhose1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_____triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.(北京2002春季)A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who真题解析:本题考察定语从句关联词的选择,从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar(著名的篮球明星)是人,所以应用表示人的关联词who。高考链接D2.Isthisfactory_____wevisitedlastyear?A.whereB.inwhichC.theoneD.atwhichC分析：此题还原成陈述句应该是Thisfactoryis______wevisitedlastyear.而不是Thisisfactory______wevisitedlastyear.所以答案是C。从句前省略了关系代词that/which。3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.what真题解析:本题考察as引导非限定性定语从句。as引导从句的意思是“正如……..”,引导的非限定性定语从句修饰整个句子，当as在从句中充当主语时,常用下面的结构:asisknow,asissaid,asisreported等，所以本题的答案是B。B请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。1.Thisisthefactorywherewevisitedlastweek.2.ThisisthewatchforwhichTomislooking.where→that/which或去掉where。把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:lookafter,runinto等。3.ThepersontowhoyouspokeisastudentofGradeTwo.4.Thehouseinthatweliveisverysmall.whom尽管在口语中who,whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。which5.Thesungivesofflightandwarmth,thatmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.6.I’vereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.whichthat不可以引导非限制性定语从句。which→that或去掉which。当先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。7.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.which→that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或theonly,thevery等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。8.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。that9.Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest.10.Hisdog,thatwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.当先行词为something,anything,everything,nothing,all等时,常由that引导定语从句。which→that或去掉which。which课后练习I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母，写出所缺单词的正确形式。1.Thestormd______hundredsofhouses.2.Alotofhouseshaveb______acrossthewindows.3.Don’tstandsoneartheedge!You’ref_________me.4.Iwasf_________ofbeingleftbymyselfinthehouse.frighteneddamagedbarsfrighteningII.选择合适的关系代词（that,which,who,whose）填空。1.He______laughslastlaughsbest.2.Februaryistheonlymonth______hasfewerthan30days.3.Therearepeople______onlyon-lineactivityisemailing.4.Thebooks_________Iboughtwereexpensive.5.Ihaveaclass______beginsat8:00am.whothatwhosewhich/thatwhich6.Theman___satnexttometalkedalot.7.Thestudent______raisedherhandinclassaskedtheteacheraquestion.8.Overthereisthewoman______daughterisinmyclass.9.Thatistheboy______motherisafamousmusician.10.Everything______wesawwasofgreatinteresttous.whowhowhosewhosethatMakeupsomeattributiveclausesby