2017年全国高考英语短文改错专项复习

2017年高三英语短文改错专题复习命题特点短文改错短文长度在110词左右,体裁为记叙文,题材为考生熟知的内容。设题的形式通常是多词和缺词各1题,错词8题。设题以句为单位,每句最多两处错误。设错方式1.缺词补漏Ilikeplayingpiano.the2.多词删除I’mmoretallerthanhim.3.错词更正IamfondatEnglish.of注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。四不改短文改错的失分原因1.基础知识不够扎实全面、语法功底不够深厚，对英汉两种语言表达上的差异不甚清楚，使用时频频出现“中式英语”。2、对高考短文改错题的命题方向缺乏了解，因而答题时缺乏经验，思考的针对性、方向性很差。积累技巧失分原因错误设置及考点分布两大类型：逻辑错误语法错误词法错误句法错误2014-2016全国卷短文改错知识点分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷名词yearshoursairparentshonestyknowledgeyears形容词tastywonderfulmuchhelpfulseriousmanyworstfree副词beforethere去veryterriblysteadilyso时态语态主谓一致havedon’tlooks/sitthoughtfind/beenbegantoldhaveusedchoosethinktold非谓语lookingtakingwearing代词everywheremanyour加hishiswhat/our/muchmyself加I冠词加a去the加thethea加the去the介词offor/加towithin加offor连词but去掉andbut去掉andand从句that宾语where宾语特殊句式should虚拟解题技巧错词词法方面:动词的时态、语态错误、形容词或副词的误用、名词的单复数错误、代词误用、介词误用、连词误用、非谓语动词形式错误等;句法方面:名词性从句连接词、定语从句关系词和主谓一致等。多词或缺词主要考查冠词、介词或代词、不定式符号to。1.不定冠词a和an互改2.不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改3.根据需要增删冠词(注意惯用法)一.冠词常见错误：高考真题1.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.2.Awomansawhimcryingandtoldhimtowaitoutsideashop.3.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawaywhentheycameovertoplay.4.Ifyou'dliketomaketriptoourcitysomeday,Iwillbebetterthanhappytobeyourguide.thethea5.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.6.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.7.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbymyself.8.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingeverywhere.9.ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity!atheaan1.冠词的基本用法。2.固定搭配。解决方案：二.名词常见错误：1.单复数用错。2.可数与不可数名词的混用。3.动词、形容词转化为名词时的错误。高考真题1.Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.2.Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.3.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.4.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledges.5.Istayedhereforoneandahalfhourandmadesurethatthegirlwasallhopeyouunderstand.parentsyearsairknowledgehours6.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.7.Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,theytakehimlotsofgoodbookandfreshfruit.8.Christiewasoneofmybestfriendathighschool.9.I’dliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterestandpracticingmyEnglish10.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.minutesbooksfriendsplaceshonesty解决方案：1.弄清可数与不可数名词。2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的用法。1.介词的多余或缺失2.错用。三.介词常见错误：解决方案：1.常用介词的基本用法2.常用介词的固定搭配。高考真题1.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.2.NowIamleavinghometocollege.3.Unluckily,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.4.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.5.Withthehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes.6.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafterschoolactivitiesofforwithinoffor7.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.8.Hewastall,withbroadshouldersandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.9.ThebookI’mreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.10.Interestingly,ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelainindustry.11.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyeartointo/towith/to1.人称代词、物主代词的前后一致性、单复数的一致性。2.人称代词主格和宾格的变化。3.代词的误用与漏用。4.不定代词错用。5.作形式主语与形式宾语it的遗漏或误用。四.代词常见错误：高考真题1.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourview.2.Istillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.3.IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.4.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.5.Fiveminuteslater.Tonysawparents..ourImyselfwhathis6.Wemustfindwaystoprotectyourenvironment.7.Asaresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.8.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.9.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown10.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.11.Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.oureverywheremanyhimmuchhis五.形容词和副词常见错误：1.形容词与副词的混用。2.形容词与副词比较等级混用。3.同义或近义或反义形容词与副词之间的混用。解决方案：1.在句中作定语、表语、补语用形容词。在句中作状语，修饰形容词、副词、动词和全句用副词。2.注意比较级或最高级的比较对象和范围。特别注意提示词most,than,as以及其他加强比较等级程度的修饰语。单音节形容词和副词比较级前不可再加more。3.注意many,much,afew,alittle,very,so,too,Ever,never,hard,hardly,ago,before等词的区别。4.-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别。5.注意并列现象。6.熟记固定搭配so…that,too…to,as…as等高考真题1.Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.2.However,myparentsdidn’tseemtothinksuch.3.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.4.Globalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.5.DadandIwereterribleworried.6.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.somanysteadilyseriousterribly7.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.8.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!.9.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework10.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.11.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.12.IhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.13.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.freewonderfultastyTheremuchhelpfulworst六.连词常见错误：上下文之间的逻辑关系，主要是but与so/and与or之间的误用.高考真题1.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.2.Hemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking.3.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.4.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.5.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem.and