现在完成时的用法详解 英语课件

现在完成时与反义疑问句现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：主语+have(has)+v.过去分词+其他.主语+haven’t/hasn’t+v.过去分词+其他.--Have/Has+主语+v.过去分词+其他？--Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.现在完成时的句型？用于现在完成时的句型1）Itisthefirst/secondtime….that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.Itisthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate.2）Thisisthe…that…结构，that从句要用现在完成时.ThisisthebestfilmthatI‘ve(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。Thisisthefirsttime(that)I’veheardhimsing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。现在完成时1.表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。①Haveyoureadthatstory?你读过那个故事吗？（读这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响为：是否知道故事中的内容）②Ihaveboughttwoapples.我买了两个苹果。（买这一动作发生在过去对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果）在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时态连用的几个副词：already，just多用于肯定句中，yet，ever，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如：Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.我已经做完家庭作业。1.Hehasjusthadsupper.他刚吃过晚饭。2.HaveyoueversungthisEnglishsong?你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？3.Theyhaven'tdonethehomeworkyet.他们还没有做作业。4.Wehaveneverseenafilm.我们从来没有看过电影。5.Hehasdied.他死了。2.表示过去开始的动作持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去；常和表示从过去某一时刻起延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间状语连用。如：Theyhavelivedherefortenyears.他们住在这儿有十年了。Shehastaughtinthisschoolsincethreeyearsago.她从三年前开始就在这个学校教书。Wehaveknowneachothersincewewereveryyoung.我们从很小的时候就彼此认识。注意：用于这种用法中的动词必须是表示连续的动作或状态的词，如：live、work、teach、study、stay、wait、know、be、have、learn、wear、walk、sleep等，这类动词叫做“延续性动词”。英语中还有另一种动词，如：buy、join、become、begin、fall、come、go、hear、die、close、open、leave、borrow、等，它们只表示短暂的动作，不能表示一个延续的状态，这类动词叫做“瞬间性动词”，它们可以用于现在完成时，但是不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。短暂性动词变延续性动词：1)join---2)come---3)borrow---4)buy---5)arrive---6)leave---7)begin---8)open---9)close---10)die---bein/abein/atkeephavebebeaway(from)beonbeopenbeclosedbedead_______adj.____adj.1.这只狗死了。2.这只狗昨天死了。3.这只狗一天前死了。4.这只狗死了一天。Thedoghasdied.Thedogdiedyesterday.Thedogdiedadayago.Thedoghasbeendeadforaday._____________________________________________________________________________________________1.戏剧开始了。2.戏剧半小时前开始了。3.戏剧开始半个小时了。4.我买了一台电脑。5.自从我来到这里就买了一台电脑。Theplayhasbegun.Theplaybeganhalfanhourago.Theplayhasbeenonforhalfanhour.Ihaveboughtacomputer.IhavehadacomputersinceIcamehere.典型例题(1)---Doyouknowourtownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming答案B.Thisisthefirsttime后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。(2)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?---No,it'sthefirsttimeI___here.A.even,comeB.even,havecomeC.ever,comeD.ever,havecome答案D.ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。ThisisthelargestfishIhaveeverseen.Itis/wasthefirsttime+that-clause的句型中，从句要用完成时。1.I__theway.I__hereforquitemanyyears.A.knew…havelivedB.knew…liveC.know…havelivedD.know…live2._____youever_____America?Yes,Ihave.A.Have…gonetoB.Have…goneinC.Have…beentoD.Have…beenin3.Mybrother____collegeforoverthreeyears.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeenat4.He___theArmybytheendof1989.He___inthearmysincethen.A.joined…isB.hasjoined…hasbeenC.hadjoined…isD.hadjoined…hasbeen5.__you_thetextyet?Yes,we__ittwohoursago.A.Did…copy…didB.Have…copied…haveC.Have…copied…didD.Did…copy…hadCCCDC5.“Why______she_______angry?”“Becausehe_____atherjustnow.”A.did…get…shoutedB.has…got…shoutedC.did…get…hasshouted6.__you__thefilmbefore?Where__you__it?A.Have…seen…did…seeB.Did…see…have…seenC.Have…seen…have…seen7.You____mewaitingfortwohours.I____foryousincefive.A.kept…waitedB.havekept…waitedC.kept…havewaitedD.havekept…havewaited8.Where__John__?Tothelibrary.He__thereforanhour.A.has…been…hasgoneB.has…gone…hasbeenC.did…go…wentD.did…be…wentAADBA.用already或yet1)Havetheytakendowntheoldpictures______?No,not___________.2)Mostofushavefinishedourcompositions____.3)Hehasn’tvisitedthemuseum________.B.用since或for1)Wehavelearnedfivelessons____thebeginningofthisterm.2)MrsLiaohasbeeninhospital______lastweek.3)Ihavestayedatmyaunt’s_____twoweeks.4)Ihavebeenhere______1999.5)Theyhavekeptthebooks____oneday.6)Ithasbeencold______twoweeksago.7)Wehavelearntalot______wecamehere.yetyetalreadyyetsincesinceforsinceforsincesinceC.用havegone或havebeen1)Wherearetheboystudents?They___________totheschoolfactory.2)Isyourfatherin?No,he______________toShenzhen._______heever______therebefore?Yes,he_____________thereseveraltimes3)HeaskedmeifI_________toHangzhoubefore.ItoldhimthatIwantedtogothereforavisitasI______never______tothatcitybefore.4)Mybrother__________theGreatWallthreetimes.5)–IwanttoreturnthebooktoJack,butIcan’tfindhim.--He________thelibrary.Youcanfindhimthere.havegonehasgonetoHasbeenhasbeenhavebeenhavebeenhasbeento1)I_________abike.I______thebikeaweekago.I___________thebikeforaweek.(买了)2)He______.He_____________fortwodays.(死了)3)She__________.She____________foraday.(回来了)4)Thefactory_______.It____________forayear.(开办了)haveboughtboughthavehadhasdiedhasbeendeadhascomebackhasbeenbackhasopenedhasbeenopen反义疑问句•概念：表示说话人对所陈述的事情有所怀疑或者不肯定，想通过对方的回答来加以肯定或者是否定。•原则：前肯后否，前否后肯。不管问法，事实回答。•注意否定词：few,little,never,hardly,nothing,nobody•1.Therearefewstudentsintheclassroom,_________?•2.Hehaslittlemoney,________?•3.Ihaveneverseenthisfilm,_____?•4.Thereisnothingnewinthenewspaper,_________?•5.Henevergotuplateinthepast,________?•6.ShecanhardlyspeakEnglish,______?•7.Pleaselistentome,__________?•8.Let’sreviewModule6together,______?反义疑问句的回答•1.–Youhaveseenthisfilm,haven’tyou?•a.--_________.HowI