高二英语语法虚拟语气

GrammarPage5WhatisSubjectiveMood?Iamnotabird,soIcan’tflytothesky.我不是鸟，不能在空中飞翔。（事实）•→如果我是鸟，那我就能在空中飞翔了。（假设）•IfIwereabird,Icouldflytothesky.•Ihadnotimelastweekend,soIcouldn’tgoshoppingwithmyfriends.•我上周末没时间，所以不能跟朋友们去逛街。（事实）•→如果我上周末有时间的话，我就能跟朋友们一起去逛街了。（假设）•IfIhadhadtimelastweekend,Icouldhavegoneshoppingwithmyfriends.•2012won’tbetheendoftheworld,solivingthingsintheearthwillcontinuetolive.•2012年不是世界末日，所以地球生命仍将继续生存。（事实）•→如果2012年是世界末日，那么地球生命将会灭绝。（假设、推测）•If2012weretheendoftheworld,livingthingsintheearthwoulddieout.•Iamnotthepresident.（事实）•→IwishIwerethepresident.（愿望）•Theinjuredmanactedasifnothinghadhappened.那个受伤的男子行动起来仿佛什么事也没有一样。（怀疑、推测）•【归纳】•虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。（导纲）一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中【观察】1.IfIwonthelottery（彩票）now,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.2.IfIhadalotofmoneynow，Icouldbuyabighouse.3.Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?(P1)【归纳】1.表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词：一般过去时(be动词的过去式用were)主句谓语动词：would/should/could/might+动词原形a.Ifthey____(be)herenow,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldask【观察】1.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.(P2Line26)2.Ifwehadhadenoughrainlastyear,wecouldhavegainedagoodharvest.3.Ifyouhadworkedhardlastterm,youwouldhaveeasilypassedthefinalexamination.【归纳】2.表示与过去的事实相反的假设，从句谓语：had＋过去分词（过去完成时）主句谓语：should/would/could/mighthave+过去分词a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexamlastweek,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlierthismorning,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegone【观察】1.IfIshouldsee/weretosee/sawhimtomorrow,Iwouldinvitehimhome.2.Ifitshouldbe/werefinetomorrow,Iwouldgoonatrip.3.Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.【归纳】3.表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语：①一般过去时（be用were）②wereto+动词原形③should+动词原形（不能用其他情态动词）主句谓语：should/would/could/might+动词原形a.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksc.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,here________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe含蓄条件句【观察】1.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpieces…(P2Line28)2.WithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.(P3Line51)•3.Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.•→•Ifyouhadn’tgivenmeadvice,Iwouldhavefailed.•4.I’mreallybusy,otherwiseIwouldgowithyou.•→•IfIwerefree,Iwouldgowithyou.•【归纳】•含蓄条件句是指虚拟语气中不出现if条件句，而是用介词、介词短语或连词通过上下文表现出来。常见短语有：butfor,without,otherwise,or等。（导纲）二、虚拟语气在wish从句中的使用•在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示不能实现的愿望，汉语可译为“可惜……，要是……就好了，悔不该……，但愿……”IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.•【归纳】1)表示对现在的愿望:从句动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Thepartywasterrible,IwishIhadnevergonetoit.【归纳】(2)表示对过去的虚拟:从句动词常用had＋过去分词（过去完成时）Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.【归纳】(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为would＋动词原形高考实战:1.--Ifhe_____,he_____thatfood.--Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4.HowIwisheveryfamily_____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad•Homework•1.顶尖Grammar课后练习•2.顶尖综合练习单项选择题•3.测试报第10期综合卷单项填空