63被动语态

被动语态（一）被动语态（二）被动语态（一）•一、被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语和谓语的关系。•二、被动语态的结构：be（对应形式）+done三、不同时态下的被动语态一般现在时：is/am/are+done一般过去时：was/were+done一般将来时：will/shall+be+donebegoingto+be+done•About100millionsharksarekilledbyhumaneveryyear.•Only12personswerekilledworldwidebysharksin2011.•Theshark’sfins（鱼鳍）willbemadeintofinsoup（鱼翅汤）.•Theshark’sfinsaregoingtobemadeintofinsoup.三、不同时态下的被动语态现在进行时：is/am/are+beingdone过去进行时：was/were+beingdone•Thesharkisbeingsavedbytheman.•Atthesametimeyesterday,manysharkswerebeingsaved.时态结构一般现在时is/am/are+done一般过去时was/were+done一般将来时will/shall+be+donebegoingto+be+done现在进行时is/am/are+being+done过去进行时was/were+being+done三、不同时态下的被动语态注意：be变done不变四、情态动词的被动语态Sharkshouldbeprotectedbyhumanbeings.情态动词被动：情态动词+bedone•Humansprotecttherhino.•Therhinoisprotectedbyhumans.五、主动语态变被动语态主语宾语1.找找主语和宾语2.换主语和宾语调换位置3.改动词改成be+done的正确形式4.加加上by六、主动变被动语态的练习1.Thestudentscleantheirclassroomeveryday.Theirclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.2.Theysetupthenewstationin2004.Thenewstationwassetupin2004.3.Wemustdosomethingtohelpher.Somethingmustbedonetohelpher.4.Unclewangismendingmybikenow.Mybikeisbeingmendedbyunclewangnow.5.Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.•（1）没有被动语态的动词a.不及物动词：disappeardieendfailsit★★★注意：如果不及物动词后接介词，则可以使用被动语态eg：Someonebrokeintohisroom.Hisroomwasbrokeninto.b.三发生(takeplace,happen,occur)c.感官动词：tastelooksoundsmellfeel七、特殊用法（不使用被动语态的情况）•（2）动词表主语本身性质时不用被动语态如：write、read、wash、sell、ride、cook、wearThepeniswrittensmoothly.(X)Thepenwritessmoothly(√）ThebookiswrittenbyCindy.(√)七、特殊用法（不使用被动语态的情况）Sumup被动语态一、被动语态定义二、被动语态结构三、不同时态的被动语态四、情态动词的被动语态五、主动语态变被动语态六、主动语态变被动语态的练习七、特殊用法•Themotorbikerideswell.•Kumamonisseatedintheroom.•AwatermelonisgiventomebyKumamon.•Kumamonismadetoplantwatermelons.•ItissaidthatKumamonispopular.被动语态（二）•1.表主语本身的性质时不用被动eg:ridesellwashreadwritewearcookThemotorbikerideswell.()Themotorbikeisriddenwell.()一、主动表被动的情况TF•2.特殊动词及短语本身的用法a.sth.needdoing=sth.needtobedone.某物需要被做b.sth.requiredoing=sth.requiretobedone某物需求被做c.Thisplaceisworthdoingsth.beworthdoing某物值得被做•Kumamonisseatedintheroom.二、被动表主动的情况beseated坐着bedrunk喝醉bedressed穿着belost迷路Kumamongavemeawatermelon.IwasgivenawatermelonbyKumamon.AwatermelonwasgiventomebyKumamon.Kumamonboughtmeaninterestingbook.IwasboughtaninterestingbookbyKumamon.AninterestingbookwasboughtformebyKumamon.三、双宾语的被动语态1.人+bedone+物2.物+bedone+to/for+人*WemakeKumamonplaybasketball.Kumamonismadetoplaybasketball.*WeoftenseeKumamondance.Kumamonisoftenseentodance.•see、watch、observe、notice（四看）•make、let、have（三使）•listento、hear（二听）•feel（一感觉）四、部分动词的被动语态还原to•ItissaidthatKumamonispopular.•常见句型:ItissaidthatItisbelievedthatItisreportedthatItisconsideredthatItissaidthat五、常见句型•1.主动：主+谓+宾eg:Humansprotecttherhino.被动：宾+bedone+by+主eg:Therhinoisprotectedbyhumans.2.主动：主+谓+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语（物）eg:Tomgavemeacakeyesterday.被动：间接宾语+bedone+直接宾语+by+主eg：IwasgivenacakebyTomyesterday.被动：直接宾语+bedone+to/for+间接宾语+by+主eg：AcakewasgiventomebyTomyesterday.注意：常接for的动词：buy、draw、make、cook（买画做饭）六、主动变被动•3.主动：主+谓+宾语+宾补（省略了to的不定式）被动：不带to的不定式作宾补的主动语态，变为被动语态不定式前要加to。（主动语态不见to，被动语态to出来）eg:Thebossmadetheboydoheavywork.Theboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.4.动词短语视作整体，后置的介词副词不能省略。常考动词短语：lookfor、lookafter、laughat、speakto、handin、takecareofeg:HerfriendslaughedatMary.Marywaslaughedatbyherfriends.谢谢观赏