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50220113厦门大学学报(自然科学版)JournalofXiamenUniversity(NaturalScience)Vol.50No.2Mar.2011:2010-12-09:(973)(2009CB421207);(IRT0941);(40930846)Email:ksgao@xmu.edu.cn:高坤山(,361005):CO2,,pCO2H+HCO3-,CO32-,CaCO3.pCO2,,,.,,UV,.,,pCO2,,.,,CO2,.,,,.CO2,CO2,.:CO2;;;:Q949.2:A:0438-0479(2011)02-0411-07,CO2().CO2(sink)CO2.,CO21/3;1106t/h[1],.,CO2,CO2(),,(oceanacidification).,pH0.1.0.1,H+30%,.,2100CO2800~1000mL/m3,pH0.3~0.4,H+100%~150%[2-3].,CO22150,.,CO2.,CO2,pH.,CO2,,pH,[3].CO2,,pCO2H+HCO3-,CO32-.(CO2HCO3-CO32-),CaCO3.,,.,,,.,,.()CaCO3,;pHCaCO3,.,,.,,,CO2,pHpH,.,CO2,CO2.98%().,,CO2.,,,CO2.1CO2(),,-(rubisco)CO2;CO210[4-5].rubiscoCO220~70mol/kg[6].CO2HCO3-CO32-3,CO210~20mol/kg,rubisco.,CO2(),.,,CO2.,CO2,[7-10].Gao[11]1991,CO210001600mL/m3,20d()1.64.3;Riebesell[12]CO2;Hein[13]CO2,CO2.,CO2CO2(CO2concentratingmechanisms,CC-Ms)[14];,,CO210%[15].,(mesocosm)CO2,CO21050mL/m3,350mL/m3,12d()39%,C/N68[16].,CO2,.,(Skeletonenacostatum)CO2()[17-18];(Emilianiaspp.)CO2[19].CO2(HCO-3,CCMs).,,,CO2[20-22].,CO2,[23],[24],(HCO3-)[25-27],[16,28].,CCMs,CO2,()[29].,pH[30].CO2,pCO2pH.(),.,,CO2[31].,,,,5.2%10.8%();,34.4%,()[32].pCO2,(NPQ),[32].,,[33].,,CO2,HCO3-CO2,CC-Ms().CCMs[14],pCO2,.CO2,CCMs,rubiscoCO2CO2,CO2;,CO2,CCMs,rubiscoCO2CO2,CO2.CO2390mL/m3800mL/m3,pCO211mol22mol(25);rubisco(CO2)CO2[6].CCMs,rubiscoCO2CO2,CO2,CO2.,,CO2800~1000mL/m3[7-11,32,34].CCMs412()2011,,CCMs,,.,,pCO2CCMs,[10-12,32,35].,,CCMs,,[29,32,35].,,pCO2pH,[32,34-35].,CO2pCO2HCO3-H+,,;CO2,,,[36].Chen[35],,(),UV(UVR);,..2,,:.,CO2Ca-CO3,CO2,,CO2(source)[37].,HCO3-,,CO2(Ca2++2HCO3-=CaCO3+H2O+CO2).,CO2.CO2(DIC)pHCaCO3(),.,[38].,,;[39-41].CO2CO32-[42-45].2090,Gao[42],CO21000mL/m3.,CO2[46-48].,,[49-50].,pH7.41,();pH8.212,[50]..Riebesell[43]2000NatureCO2(Emilianiahuxleyi),;Iglesias-Rodriguez[51]2008ScienceHCO3-,.,Science[38,52].Iglesias-Rodriguez,pCO2HCO3-[51-52];Riebesell,Iglesias-Rodriguez,[38].,Iglesias-RodriguezScience,.Gao,CO2,[44].,,CO2[53].Gao.,.,;UVR(280~400nm)[54-56].,(PAR+UVR),().3CO2,,,(strat-ification).,.,:,UVpCO2H+HCO3-.,,(speciation),,,()(,,,),.,pH,Fe[57],Fe(II)[58],Fe,Fe,4132::.,Shi,Fe[59].Fe(II),;.pCO2,[60-61],[62].,(rubisco).,pCO2,,[32],.,CO2.,UVR,,.Gao[55],UV-A(315~400nm)(),(),UV-B(280~315nm);UVR[56,63],DNA[56],[44,45].UVRPSII,,CCMs[27].,UVR;CO2,.,UVR,,(PAR+UVR),,.Gao[44],,UVR.,CO2(1000mL/m3),(pCO2,pH),,,UV,UVR[45].,UVR.UVR50~70m,,,,.4CO2,,CO2.(CO2/pH),,.,,;,CCMs,,,,,,.,,,,[64],[65],,.:[1]SabineCL,FeelyRA,GruberN,etal.TheoceanicsinkforanthropogenicCO2[J].Science,2004,305:367-371.[2]ZeebeRE,Wol-fGladrowD.CO2inseawater:equilibrium,k-inetics,isotopes[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,2001.[3]CaldeiraK,WickettME.Oceanography:anthropogeniccarbonandoceanpH[J].Nature,2003,425:365.[4]BowesG.Facingtheinevitableplantsandincreasingat-mosphericCO2[J].AnnualReviewofPlantPhysiologyandPlantMolecularBiology,1993,44:309-332.[5]GaoK,McKinleyKR.Useofmacroalgaeformarinebio-massproductionandCO2remediation:areview[J].Jour-nalofAppliedPhycology,1994,6:45-60.[6]BadgerMR,AndrewsTJ,WhitneySM,etal.Thediver-sityandcoevolutionofrubisco,plastids,pyrenoids,andchloroplast-basedCO2-concentratingmechanismsinalgae[J].CanadianJournalofBotany,1998,76:1052-1071.[7]QiuBS,GaoK.Dailyproductionandphotosyntheticcharac-teristicsofNostocflagelliformegrownunderambientandelevatedCO2conditions[J].JournalofAppliedPhy-cology,2002,14:77-83.[8]ZouD,GaoK.EffectsofdesiccationandCO2concentra-tionsonemersedphotosynthesisinPorphyrahaitanensis(Bangiales,Rhodophyta),aspeciesfarmedinChina[J].EuropeanJournalofPhycology,2002,37:587-592.[9]YangY,GaoK.EffectsofCO2concentrationsonthefresh-watermicroalgae,Chlamydomonasreinhardtii,ChlorellapyrenoidosaandScenedesmusobliquus(Chlorophyta)414()2011[J].JournalofAppliedPhycology,2003,15:1-11.[10]SchippersP,LrlingM,ShefferM.Increaseofatmos-phericCO2promotesphytoplanktonproductivity[J].E-cologyLetters,2004,7:446-451.[11]GaoK,ArugaY,AsadaK,etal.EnhancedgrowthoftheredalgaPorphyrayezoensisUdeainhighCO2concen-trations[J].JournalofAppliedPhycology,1991,3:356-362.[12]RiebesellU,Wolf-GladrowDA,SmetacekVS.Carbondioxidelimitationofmarinephytoplanktongrowthrates[J].Nature,1993,361:249-251.[13]HeinM,Sand-JensenK.CO2increasesoceanicprimaryproduction[J].Nature,1997,388:526-527.[14]GiordanoM,BeardallJ,RavenJA.CO2concentratingmechanismsinalgae:mechanisms,environmentalmodu-lation,andevolution[J].AnnualReviewofPlantBiolo-gy,2005,56:99-131.[15]BeardallJ,RavenJA.Thepotentialeffectsofglobalcl-imatechangeonmicroalgalphotosynthesis,growthandecology[J].Phycologia,2004,43:26-40.[16]RiebesellU,SchulzKG,BellerbyRGJ,etal.EnhancedbiologicalconsumptioninahighCO2ocean[J].Nature,2007,450:545-548.[17]ChenX,GaoK.PhotosyntheticutilizationofinorganiccarbonanditsregulationinthemarinediatomSkele-tonemacostatum[J].FunctionalPlantBiology,2004,31:1027-1033.[18]ChenX,GaoK.Characterizationofdiurnalphotosyn-theticrhythmsinthemarinediatomSkeletonemacosta-tumgrowninsynchronouscultureunderambientande-levatedCO2[J].FunctionalPlantBiology,2004,31:399-404.[19]RostB,RiebesellU,BurkhardtS,etal.Carbonacquis-itionofbloom-formingmarinephytoplankton[J].Lim-nol
本文标题:海洋酸化正负效应_藻类的生理学响应
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