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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 项目/工程管理 > 英语:2013年中考一轮复习课件――名词复习(全国通用九年级下)
第一章名词一、中考考查重点1.可数名词与不可数名词2.名词的单数与复数3.名词所有格4.单位词5.名词作定语e.gadropofwater考点揭密1.掌握名词的概念、分类,名词可分为:普通名词和2.掌握名词复数的构成、用法;名词所有格的构成方3.理解名词在句中的功能,掌握名词作主语、表语、4.能够辨析部分名词的用法区别,并熟练运用,如:family,home,house,work,job等.5.概念1.表示一类人或事物个体的名词叫个体名词:book,eraser,house,chair,student,waiter2.表示由若干个个体组合成的集合体的名词称为集体名词:class,family,group,team3.物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物的名词:milk,water,coffee,tea4.抽象名词表示状态\品质\感情等抽象概念的名词:idea,happiness,love,knowledge,information,advice名词专有名词:theGreatWall,Janpanese,America,BeijingUniversity,Tuesday,March,Amy普通名词可数名词个体名词:banana,worker,notebook,desk,city,book,umbrella集体名词:class,family,group,team,people,police不可数名词物质名词:water,wood,milk,meat,metal,silk,steel抽象名词:information,idea,dream,pleasure,noise,room,love,knowledge,advice,money可数名词单数名词:a+(形容词)+单数单数单数名词:an+(形容词)+单数复数规则动词的复数形式不可数名词不规则动词的复数形式可数名词的特点1.有单复数2.修饰词与不可数名词不同,如:many,agreatmanyof,afew,few专门修饰可数名词,不能修饰不可数名词。3.特殊疑问句问数量时,用howmany来问。(1)单数名词:a+(形容词)+单数注意:a用于辅音音素前,如:ahouse,ayellowcar,abook,ateacher,apear(2)单数名词:an+(形容词)+单数注意:*an用于元音音素前*注意后面所跟的词的第一个字母的发音,是否发音。*注意后面跟的词的第一个字母如是元音字母u,所发的音是否/ju:/,如是,不定冠词就用aaneraser,anuncomfortableseatanevening,anapple,anorange,ane-mailanegg,anexample,anexcitingthing,analarmclockananswer,ananut,anuncle,anactionmovieanactoranafternoon,anartclub,aneventanEnglishstudent,anIDcard记住特殊:anhonest,anhour,auniversitystudent,aUFO,(1)一般词尾直接加s:cap---capstask---tasksstar---starstree---treeshouse---housesexercise---exercisesstudent-students(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词尾加es:bus---busesbox---boxeswatch---watchesdish---dishes但:stomach---stomachs(3)以f或fe结尾的词,把f或fe改为ves:shelf---shelveslife—livesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswife—wiveshalf—halveswolf----wolves例外:roof/roofschief/chiefs2.可数名词的复数形式(规则变化)(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i+es:story—storiesbaby—babiescountry—countriesparty—partiesdictionry----dictionaries例外:day—daysboy---boystoy---toysplay-plays(5)以o结尾的词,有生命力的加es,没有生命力的加s:(zeros/zeroes都可以)a.potato---potatoeshero---heroestomato—tomatoes(例外:bamboos)b.radio/radiospiano/pianoszoo/zoosphoto/photos名词特点词尾加法词尾读音方法例词一般情况加s清辅音后/s/.元及浊辅后/z/desksappleserasersoranges以s/x/ch/sh结尾加es/iz/boxesglasseswatches以“辅音+y”结尾变y为i再加es/iz/familiesbabies以“-o”结尾有生命的加es无生命的加s/z/potatoeszoostomatoesphotos以“f/fe”结尾变f/fe为v再加es/vz/kniveswivesleavesthieves读法不规则变化1.词本身发生特殊变化:2.单复同形:(1)man改成men:manmen,womanwomengentlemangentlemenpolicemanpolicemengentleman----gentlemen(绅士)(2)oo改成ee:footfeet,toothteethgoosegeese(3)其它:mousemice,childchildrensheepsheepdeerdeerChineseChineseJapaneseJapanesefish-------fish3.表示“某国人”的名词,其变化有三种情况a.单复数相同:aJapanese----fiveJapaneseaChinese----twoChineseb.将man变为men:aFrenchman---twoFrenchmen(Englishman---EnglishmenEnglishwoman---Englishwomen,Dutchman---Dutchmenc.以an结尾的名词,在后面+s:aGerman-----fiveGermans(Russian---RussiansAmerican---AmericansIndian----IndiansItalian---ItaliansKorean-----KoreansAustralian—AustraliansCanadian----Canadians)4.常以复数形式出现的名词trousersglassesshortspantssocksphysicsgoods货物newsclotheswoods森林thanksfireworks烟花scissors5.复合名词的复数形式a.将主体名词变为复数looker-onlookers-on旁观者father-in-lawfathers-in-law继父son-in-law-------sons-in-law女婿go-between------go-betweens中间人grow-up---------grow-ups成人aboystudentboystudents男学生aflowershopflowershops花店adiningroomdiningrooms餐室anappletree----appletrees苹果树girlstudent-----girlstudents女学生twinsister------twinsisters双胞姐妹twinbrother-----twinbrothers双胞兄弟stonebridge-----stonebridges石头桥b.当名词的第一个构成部分为man或woman时,将2个构成部分均变为复数awomanteacher-------twowomenteachersamannurse----twomennursesamanteacher--------manymenteachersawomandoctor-----threewomendoctors不可数名词的特点(1)只有单数形式,一般没有复数形式。(2)不与不定冠词a/an搭配(3)表示数量时与量词搭配.Eg:aboxofmilk/apieceofnews(4)与修饰词much/alittle/abitof/agreatdealof搭配(5)问不可数名词的数时用Howmuch,但问不可数名词前的量词时则用howmany+量词+of+不可数名词…?如:*Mymotherbuystwokilosofmeateveryday.Howmuchmeatdoesyourmotherbuyeveryday?*Mymotherbuystwokilosofmeateveryday.Howmanykilosofmeatdoesyourmotherbuyeveryday?可数名词和不可数名词的共同特点(1)可修饰可数名词和不可数名词的形容词:some/any/alotof/lotsof/plentyof+可数/不可数名词(2)定冠词既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。如:thepear,thehouse,thewater,theair,thehomework,themeat,theadvice(3)有些可数名词也是不可数名词,但意思有所不同.既可做可数名词,又做不可数名词的:可数名词不可数名词apaperpaper纸aglassglass玻璃anironiron铁aroomroom空间achickenchicken鸡肉abeautybeauty美ayouthyouth青春afishfish鱼肉一张报纸一个玻璃杯一个熨斗一个房间一只小鸡一个美人一个青年一条鱼如何表示不可数名词的量1.表示不可数名词的数量时,通过可数的词来表示其量,表示结构为“数词+表量的名词+of+不可数名词”。如:apieceofbread-----twopiecesofbread,abagofrice------------threebagsofriceabottleofink---------fivebottlesofinkapieceofnews-----fourpiecesofnewsapieceofadvice,ablockofice,apieceofwork,acupofteaabasketoffood,adropofwateraboxofmilk--------twoboxesofmilk如:Apieceofmeatisonthetable.Twopiecesofmeatareonthetable.2.可用不定量的词来表示量:muchmoney,somerice,mostcornalittlewater,abitofmilk,somepaper,agreatdealofwater,allwork,littletime,lotsofmoney,alotoftime第二部专题Ⅱ词汇㈠名词考点揭密典型例题解析课时训练•1)作主语•Myteachersaregoodtous.•Thestudentsstudyhard.•Loveiseverything.•Waterisimportant.•Anappleisonthedesk.•Beijingisoutcountry’scapital.•TheInternetisveryuseful.名词的作用•2)作宾语•Wehavethreepens.•WealllikeEnglish.•3)作表语•Allofthemarepolicemen.•4)作宾补(对宾语补充说明)•TheycallmeLucy.•5)做定语(多用单数形式;但woman\man做定语是应与被修饰的名词的单复数形式保持一致)•Wehav
本文标题:英语:2013年中考一轮复习课件――名词复习(全国通用九年级下)
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