英文文章摘要写法

ScientificPaperWritingGeneralKnowledgeGeneralKnowledgeWhatisascientificpaper?•Ascientificpaperisawrittenreportdescribingoriginalresearchresults.Papersareacentralpartofresearch.StructureofaScientificPaperAscientificpapershouldhave,inproperorder:•Title,Author’sname,•AbstractandKeywords,•Body•Acknowledgements(selective)•References•Appendix(selective)Body•Introduction(Background)•MaterialsandMethods(Experiments),•Results,andDiscussion•ConclusionsTitleandAuthor’sNameTitleThetitleshouldcontainthreeelements:•1.thenameoftheorganismstudied;•2.theparticularaspectorsystemstudied;•3.thevariablesmanipulated.Example•TheResearchontheResistancecharacteristicofGas-liquidSeparatorbyNumericalStimulation•通过数值模拟对水气分离器的阻力特性的研究TipsforwritingaTitle•lessthantenwords•Thetitleiswritteninthemiddleofthefirstline,alsocanbewrittenintwoorthreelinesifitislonger.•Thetitleshouldbenounphraseornounexpression•Usingv.ingfornecessaryusesofVerbs.•Shouldreflectthefactualcontentofthepaper•BeStraightforward•LettheTitle'sfirstwordbeakeywordifyoucan•TheTitleshouldbeshort,italsoshouldnotbegeneral.Compare:•“StudyonAnti-microbialAgents.•EffectsofaVarietyofAnti-microbialAgentsonFourBacterialCultures•SCI高被引论文题名分析——名词性词组的形式•Title:ProcessingofX-raydiffractiondata•collectedinoscillation[ɒsɪ'leɪʃn]mode（震荡模式中X射线衍射数据的分析方法）•Author(s):OtwinowskiZ,MinorW•Source:MACROMOLECULARCRYSTALLOGRAPHY,[krɪstə'lɒɡrəfi]PTAMETHODSINENZYMOLOGY[enzaɪ'mɒlədʒɪ]276:307-3261997《酶学方法》美国Elsevier••SCI被引17146次，该题名堪称准确、简洁、清楚的典范，即用7个实词和2个虚词清晰地说明了论文的研究角度为“Processing”,对象是“X-raydiffractiondata”,操作的变量是：collectedinoscillationmode.SCI高被引论文题名分析：系列题名•系列题名（SeriesTitle）是指主题名相同，但文章序号和副题名不同的系列论文的题名系列题名•Density-FunctionalThermochemistryⅢ.theroleofexactexchange密度函数的热化学：3.正解交换的作用Examples•TheEffectofTemperatureONGerminationofCorn•DoesTemperatureAffectGerminationofCorn?•TemperatureandCornGermination:ImplicationsforAgriculture•LostBetweenLightandShade:AnInterpretationoftheimagesandstructureofTheHollowMen•斑斑竹泪连潇湘——从唐诗的斑竹意象浅窥神话的诗性重构Author’sName•Formatforforeignjournals:GivenName+FamilyName•Chineserequirement:followtheorderofPingyine.g.LiXue•Morethanonepeople:onespace/commabetweenthetwonamesAbstractWritingIntroduction•Anabstractisacondensedversionofalongerpieceofwritingthathighlightsthemajorpointscovered,conciselydescribesthecontentandscopeofthewriting,andreviewsthewriting'scontentsinabbreviatedform.PartsofanAbstract•MotivationandProblemstatement::Whydowecareabouttheproblemandtheresults?•Whatproblemareyoutryingtosolve?Whatisthescopeofyourwork?•Approach:Howdidyougoaboutsolvingormakingprogressontheproblem?•Results:What'stheanswer?•Conclusions:Whataretheimplicationsofyouranswer?Length•100～150words，1％～5％ofthefullpaper•U.S.A.:250wordsformasterthesisabstract，350wordsforDoctordissertationabstract.第一部分摘要的内容一、说明性摘要•简明介绍论文涉及的议题和论点，主要概括论文的涉及范围、研究方向和研究目的，不涉及论据和结论。•容易理解，但无法提供更多的详细信息Sample1RoleofPathwayinSelf-AccessCentersAbstractThisarticlediscussessomerolesforself-accesspathways,particularlyincultureswhichhavenotraditionofself-study.Itsuggestshowpathwaysmightinfluencethedesignandrunningofself-accesscenters,andgivesanillustrationofhowpathwaysweredesignedandemployedinacenterinChina.Feedbackisbasedonmini-surveydistributedtothirtyusers.Analysis:1.mainpoints(1)rolesforself-accesspathway(2)influencetothedesignandrunningofself-accesscenter(3)howpathwayweredesignedandemployedinacentreinChina2.originalmaterialSample2•FromtheaspectsofEnglishtitle,author'ssignatureandaffiliation,EnglishabstractandEnglishkeywords,thepaperdescribesthewritingcharacteristics,patternsandsomeerrorsthatshouldbeavoidedinabstractwriting.Atthetime,itstressespayingattentiontotheobjectiveness,•scienceandlanguagestyleofabstractwriting.ThestandardizationofEnglishabstractwritingwillbebeneficialtothesci-techpaperstobequotedbyInternationalabstractjournals,andtotheimpactsofscientificresearchinChina.使用范畴•一般在科研论文中不予使用•刊登在文献索引期刊中•讨论性文章、综述性文章、图书或某些会议论文集二.信息性摘要是原文内容要点的总结，报道原文献中的具体内容：问题阐述：交代文章的研究内容所使用的研究手段和方法：交代研究过程主要研究结果和结论、以及建议等。要求•结构完整，语言简洁易懂，反映论文的基本面貌，一般情况下能够代替阅读论文全文。•重点突出文中提及的新发现，新结论。•要注解标题，给出答案，描述步骤，突出与传统研究的差异。•此类文摘篇幅稍长，一般为100～250词，多者可达500词～1000词。写摘要的顺序第一步：⑴以Toelucidatethemechanism...,Toinvestigate....,或者forthepurposeof....开头来讲述你这样研究的目的，一般做为主句的一个状语成分⑵....wascarriedout....讲述你研究的内容或者研究的核心关注点•第二步：…technologieswereappliedin…阐述研究过程或者方法•第三步：Theresultedshowedthat......,讲述你这样研究得出的主要研究结果。•第四步：Theresultofthepresentworkimpliedthat...讲述由你的研究结果得出的结论。Example•纳米ZnO生长及性质分析GrowthandPropertiesofNanoZnO•Abstract:Byusinglow-pressuremetal-organicchemicalvaporphasedeposition（LP-MOCVD）technology,ZnOnanorods(纳米柱)weregrownwithZnOparticlesascatalystonSi（111）substrate＇ssurface.X-raydiffraction（XRD）,Raman•spectroscopy,scanningelectronmicroscopy（SEM）,photoluminescence（PL）wereusedtocharacterizethecrystallinequality,crystalstructure,surfacepropertiesandopticalpropertiesoftheZnOnano-rodsamples.TheresultsshowthatZnOnano-rodshaveapreferentialc-axisorientation.(轴择优取向性)Oxygenpartial’pressurewasfoundtohaveimportantinfluenceonthegrowthofZnOnanorods.Whenoxygenpartialpressureislow,thegrowthofZnOisbasedon