英国和美国语言和文化不同

BritishandAmericanLanguageandCulturalDifferencesThenIwillintroducesomedifferencesforyou:Englishisthemostwidelyusedintoday'sworld,aninternationallanguage.AmericanandBritishEnglishareboth“variants”oftheEnglishLanguage.Mostdivergenceisduetodifferencesinnationalhistoryandnationalculturaldevelopment，varyingregionalandlocalidiomsandcolloquialisms，andmedia/advertisinginfluences.Thereisavariationinpronunciation,vocabularyandgrammardifferentvariantsofthesamelanguage.TheUnitedStatesisacountrycomposedofimmigrantsfromvariouscountries.AmericanEnglishhasborrowedalotofforeignwords,tocreatenewwords,andenrichedtheAmericanEnglishexpression.一、pronunciationEnglishpronunciationandAmericanpronunciationaredifference.BritishEnglish,relativelyspeaking,pronunciationaremoreclearly,thegeneralsoundisrelativelyclearpronunciation;ButAmericansspeakEnglishinsistingthatifcanbeomittedtoomitted..ForthosepersonswhoEnglishasasecondlanguage,listentothepronunciationoftheBritishcomparedtotheAmericanwillbemuchmorecomfortable.Forexample:mobileGE/'məubail/AE/'mobl/hostileGE/'hɔstail/AE/'hɑstl/neitherGE/'naiðə/AE/'niðə/laboratoryGE/'læb(ə)rə/AE/'læbrə'tɔri/danceGE/dɑːns/AE/dæns/二、vocabulary1、DifferentSpelling，AlthoughSamePronunciationUSGBcolorcolourflavorflavourcheckchequecentercentretiretyre2、“Equality”VocabularyUSGBfallautumnbaggageluggagecookiebiscuitmailaletterpostaletterrentacarhireacarartgalleryartmuseum三、Grammar1、(GB)Haveyougotyourgradeinhistoryyet?(US)Haveyougottenyourgradeinhistoryyet?2、(GB)WelivedintheHighStreet.(US)WelivedonMainStreet.3、(GB)Ihavegotacar.(U.S.)Ihaveacar.Igotacar.4、(GB)Oneisdifferenttotheother.(US)Oneisdifferentthantheother.(Common)Oneisdifferentfromtheother.BritishandAmericanCulture英国文化VS美国文化ThesinglebiggestdifferenceisthatBritainisaveryveryoldcountrywhereastheUS–it'saverynewcountry.ThenIwillintroducesomedetailsforyou:character:TheBritishhasthenationalidentityofquiet,shy,conservative,elegant,andrestrained.WhileAmericanswithmanyoftheintegratedfeaturesofnationalcharacter,aremoreopen,inclusiveandinnovative.TheBritisharefamiliarwithintheirownpopulationscanbecompletelyrelaxed,andwhentheyencounterstrangersorforeigners,theywillfeeluneasyorevenembarrassed.Meanwhile,theU.S.independencetodate,relativelyshorthistory,thereisnotmuchofthestereotypesanddefend,soAmericansaremoreopenandinnovative.Britonstendnottoblowtheirowntrumpets–theythinkit'sbadmannerstopromoteoneself,whereasintheUS,that'sagoodquality,apositivequality.Americansarelouder,moreupfront,lessunderstandingofsarcasm;whereasBritonstendtobemoresubtle,tendtobelessforthrightandtheirhumourisalittlebitmoresarcastic.towardslifeAmericansareprobablymoreforwardthinkingthanBritonsare,moreforwardlooking.Theylooktothefuturemore.–Britonsarequitebackwardthinkingpeople.attitudetootherpeople:Nextdifferencesprimarilyinattitudestootherpeople–there'smuchmoreofaremnantofaclasssystemintheUK–ThereareclassesintheUSbutit'sprimarilymoresocio-economicasopposedtoclassesintheUKabouthistoryorwhereyou'refrom,whatyourbackgroundis.IntheUK...IntheUKthereasonfortippingistoshowthatyoureallylikedtheservice.IntheUKwehaveahighminimumwage,andno-onecanbepaidbelowthisamountforanywork,sowhenyoutip,itismainlyshowingpolitenesstotheserviceperson,andtoacknowledgethattheydidanexcellentjob.Youcantipmoreorlessdependingonhowgoodyouthoughttheservicewas,andtheaveragetipisaround10-20%.Soifyoulovedyournew50poundhaircut,youshouldaddanother5-10poundsontoyourbill,andthiswillgodirectlytothehairdresser!Ifyoudidn'tliketheservice,don'ttip!Thisisthecaseevenif'service'hasbeenaddedtoyourbill.Ifyoudidn'tliketheservice,youcanalwaysrefusetopay.Orifyouareastudent,travelleronabudget,orsimplycan'taffordto,it'salsoOKnottospendtheextramoney.IntheUS...IntheUS,youwilloftenhear'tips'called'service'.ItisessentialtotipintheUS,becausethewaitresses,barstaffintheseindustrysarepaidalowwagewhichtheycannotaffordtoliveon,andthereforeyourtipismuchneededbythem.Itisactuallypartofthepaymentthatyoumakeandveryoftenisnotoptional!Especiallyinrestaurants,ifyoudonotpaytheservice,youhavenotpaidyourentirebill,sowatchout!aboutBillBrysonDesMoines,Iowa,in1951.TheTimesandTheIndependentHelivedwithhisfamilyinNorthYorkshirebeforemovingbacktotheStatesin1995,toHanover,NewHampshire,withhiswifeandfourchildren.In2003heandhisfamilymovedbacktoEngland,wheretheycurrentlyreside.TheLostContinent,BillBryson'shilariousfirsttravelbookAWalkintheWoods,I'mAStrangerHereMyself(publishedinBritainasNotesfromaBigCountry),andInaSunburnedCountry(publishedinBritainasDownUnder).BillBryson'sDictionaryofTroublesomeWords,NeitherHerenorThere:TravelsinEurope,MadeinAmerica,TheMotherTongueandBillBryson'sAfricanDiary.AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything,Hislatestbook,waspublishedinSpring2003.