介词+关系代词

Preposition+which/+whomATTIBUTIVE:FOLLOWME!定语从句介词+关系词的定义当介词后的宾语提前做为先行词时，介词可以放在定语从句中，也可提前放于关系词前Heistheperson_____________youspoketothat/who/whomHeistheperson_______youspoke.whomThisisthehouse__________Ilived4yagoinThisisthehouse______Ilived4yagothat/whichwhichThecitywhichshelivesinisfaraway.Themanwhomyouspoketoisourheadmaster.Thefarmwhichweworkedontenyearsagoisbeautiful.Thisisthetreewhichweusedtoplaygamesunder.Thefarmonwhichweworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful.Themantowhomyouspokeisourheadmaster.Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.Thisisthetreeunderwhichweusedtoplaygames.介词+关系词的功能一、“介词+关系代词”结构在定语从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语。用在介词后的关系代词只有whom,which和whose三个，不能用that.二、介词后面的关系词不能省略。三、先行词时物时，介词后用关系词which，先行词是人时，介词后用关系词whom.四、表所属关系时用ofwhich/whomTheboy_________parentsarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam.whoseTheboytheparentsofwhomarebothdoctorswonthefirstplaceintheexam.=ofwhomtheparents关系副词when,where,why和介词+which之间的关系关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which。1.Iwon’tforgetthedateonwhichIwasborn.2.ThisistheroominwhichIlived.3.Idon’tknowthereasonforwhichhehaven’tcometoday.4.TomstillremembersthedaysinwhichtheylivedinTianjin.!5.HangzhouistheplacetowhichIwentlastyear.6.Irememberthedayonwhichmyfatherdied.Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime.=when=where=why=when=where=when介词+关系词中介词的选择①根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词。②根据从句中谓语动词或形容词搭配的需要来确定介词。③根据从句句意的需要来确定介词。④根据主从句搭配关系的需要来确定介词。Themoney____whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.Hewillneverforgettheday____whichhefailedintheexam.Thisisthemountainvillage____whichIstayedlastyear.I’llneverforgetthefarm______whichIworkedtogetherwithyou.一、根据从句所修饰的先行词的需要来确定介词withthemoney用钱onwithinonontheday在那天inthemountainvillage在山村onthefarm在农场Heisreallytheperson____whomwehavealottolearn.Thegirl_________whomyouaretalkingisworking.TheWestLake,for_____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.Theman______Ishookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.二、根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定learnfromsb.向某人学习talkto/withsb.与某人交谈befamousfor因为……而闻名shakehandswithsb.与某人握手fromto/withforwithAir,________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.三、根据定语从句句意或主从句的搭配关系来确定Thepen_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.Thisismypairofglasses,________whichIcannotseeclearly.Heisthegirl____youwenttoconcertlastnight.withoutwithwithoutwith①一般情况下，介词放在关系代词which和whom之前，也可放在动词后。②固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto、carefor、takecareof、hearof/about/from,等.ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.介词+关系词中介词的位置介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.Tips1.Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookforwhichshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookformwhichshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebookaboutwhichsheoftentalks?介词+关系代词的使用5.ThemantowhomIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,withoutwhichIcan’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichweareproud.8.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacherthedaughterofwhomisafamousdoctor.1.名词+介词+关系代词Wehavethreeforeignteachers,twoofwhomarefromCanada.2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词.序数词.分数和百分数）3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all、both、none、either、either、some、any等）Theoldwomanhastwosons,bothofwhomareteachers.Ihavemanyfriends,someofwhomarefromChina.4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwanIsland.5.介词+关系代词+名词Hespentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehestudiedmedicine.1.Theman___________Ishookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.2.Adesertisagreatplain_________nothingwillgrow.3.Hewastheman___________roomthethiefhadstolenthebag.4.Thisismypairofglasses,______________Icannotseeclearly.withwhominwhichfromwhosewithoutwhich5.Thegirl_______________hespokemadenoanswer.6.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_________aresoldabroad.7.Theyaskedmealotofquestions,many___________Icouldn’tanswer.8.Twomen,________________Ihadeverseenbefore,cameintomyoffice.我以前从未见过他们neitherofwhomtowhomofwhichofwhich9.Hegothisfirstsalary，___________hegavetohisparents.其中一半10.Ourcountryhasmanyislands,____________________isTaiwan.其中最大的11.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,________thesailingtimewas226days.thelargestofwhichhalfofwhichofwhich介词加关系代词的基本用法•Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.•Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.•Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?•Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?•Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhominwhichwithwhichonwhichwhich•Thefarmweworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.•Heisthemanyoucanturnforhelp.•Thisisthetreeweusedtoplaygames.onwhichtowhomunderwhichonthefarm在农场turntosb.forhelp向某人求助underthetree在树下Thesungivesusheatandlight,_______________wecan’tlive.Thestudent___________weweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.I’llneverforgettheday__________shesaidgoodbyetome.Whocangivemethereason________hehasn’tturnedupyet?withoutwhichaboutwhomonwhichforwhich1.Theteacher__________IlearntmostwasMrsZhu.2.Thisisthehouse__________LuXunoncelived.3.Thereason_________