新编剑桥商务英语unit11

LOGOModule11LOGO11.1EthicaleconomicsReading:Coffeenomics1Vocabulary:Financialandtradeterms2Speaking:Theeconomicsofyourcountry3Grammar:Articles4Listening:Fairtrade5Speaking:Givingreasonsandbenefits6LOGO1.Thetwophotosbelowshowthebeginningandtheendoftheprocessofmakingcoffee.Workinpairs.Howmanystagescanyouthinkofinbetweentocompletetheprocess?-coffeegrown-coffeepicked-coffeetransported-coffeepacked-coffeesoldandshipped-coffeesoldontoshops-coffeeboughtanddrunkLOGO2.Writeinthecorrectletter,A-F,forthemissingsentencestocompletethetext.Thereisoneextrasentence.A.Thisprocessaloneaddsatleast50%toitsprice.B.Here,coffeeproductionisthestaplecropformanymillionsofgrowers.C.TheonlybitcontrolledintheFairtradesystemisthepriceafarmerispaidforproduce.D.Coffeeisthesecondmosttradedcommodityintheworldafteroil.E.Itguaranteestopaygrowersafixedproportionfortheircoffee,whichisabovestandardmarketrates.F.Localcounciltaxesaddanother£25,000tothat.Coffeenomics:thetruecostofourcaffeineaddictionThenexttimeyouhandover£3foryourdeluxecappuccino,askyourselfhowmuchtheroastedbeansthatwentintothatcupreallycost.Foryouraveragecupofcoffee,theproducerreceivesroughly10p–that’sabout3.5%.ThisdisparityiscausingincreasingconcernamongsomecharitieswhobelievethattheexcessiveprofitsofcoffeeshopchainscomeattheexpenseofvulnerablecoffeeproducersincountrieslikeEthiopia,KenyaorLatinAmerica.(1)___________.Forexample,inEthiopiaalone,15millionpeopledependonLOGOthecoffeetrade,whichconstitutesaround50%ofthecountry’sgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)and90%ofitsexports.Theaveragewagepaidtolaborerswhopickthebeansandworkonfarmsisabout50paday.Sowheredotheaddedcostscomefrom?Accordingtoexperts,bythetimeitisconsumedbyusinourhomesorinacoffeeshop,thebeanmayactuallychangehandsupto150times,eachtimefacingamark-upasitistransported,roasted,packagedandsold.(2)___________.Thenanother10%inexportcostswithfreightandinsurancebeforeanimportertakesover.Finally,itissoldtousinacoffeeshop–andrunningacoffeeshopisnotcheap.Forexample,takeyourtypicalcoffeeshopinashoppingprecinct,seating75insideand50outside.Therentis£20,000ayear.(3)__________.Inotherwords,evenbeforeaddingstaffingcostsandoverheads,settingasideanmountforredecorationandmaintenanceontheproperty,thisparticularcoffeeshopneedstosellaminimumA.Thisprocessaloneaddsatleast50%toitsprice.B.Here,coffeeproductionisthestaplecropformanymillionsofgrowers.C.TheonlybitcontrolledintheFairtradesystemisthepriceafarmerispaidforproduce.D.Coffeeisthesecondmosttradedcommodityintheworldafteroil.E.Itguaranteestopaygrowersafixedproportionfortheircoffee,whichisabovestandardmarketrates.F.Localcounciltaxesaddanother£25,000tothat.LOGOof50,000coffeesayear,or200coffeesaday.Factorintheseadditionalcostsandweareprobablytalkingaboutabreak-eventotalof400coffeesaday.However,irrespectiveofhowmuchweenduppayingorthereasonswhy,therealityisthatgrowersthemselvesseeonlyatinyproportionofthatamount.OrganizationslikeFairtradedotrytomakeadifference.(4)___________.Forexample,afarmersellingapoundofFairtradeArabicacoffeeispaid$1.26comparedtotheworldmarketpriceof$1.10apound.TheFairtradepricealsoincludes5¢whichisinvestedbackintocommunityprojects.ManyshopsandcoffeebarsdonowofferFairtradecoffeetocustomersalongsidetheirstandardoffering,butnotallofthatinflatedpricegoestothegrower.(5)_________.Afterthat,mark-upsaredeterminedbytheretailersandmiddlemen.Thatsaid,atleastFairtradeisonesmallstepthatdoeshelpfarmersaroundtheworldgetabetterpricefortheirproducts.A.Thisprocessaloneaddsatleast50%toitsprice.B.Here,coffeeproductionisthestaplecropformanymillionsofgrowers.C.TheonlybitcontrolledintheFairtradesystemisthepriceafarmerispaidforproduce.D.Coffeeisthesecondmosttradedcommodityintheworldafteroil.E.Itguaranteestopaygrowersafixedproportionfortheircoffee,whichisabovestandardmarketrates.F.Localcounciltaxesaddanother£25,000tothat.LOGO3.Thesefourvisualaidsrefertotheeconomicsofthecoffeetrade.Readthearticleaboveandwriteinthemissingfactsandfiguresinthesevisualaids.£3Only(1)__________goestothegrower.EXPORTS10%=OTHER90%=(7)_____10p(pence)coffeeLOGOCoffeeShopOutgoingsSalaries£115,000(5)___________£65,000(6)_____________£20,000Overheads£80,50011.051.11.151.21.251.3World$1.10Fairtrade(8)$_______Keyfacts:Ethiopia(2)____________millionpeopleincoffeetrade(3)____________%ofGDP(4)____________pence=alaborer’spayperday155050rentservicecharge1.26LOGOVocabulary:FinancialandtradetermsMatchthesedefinitionstothewordsinboldinthearticle.1.Peoplewhohandlegoodsbetweentheproducerandtheretailer.__________2.Alargedifference(inprice,forexample).__________3.Beboughtandsold._____________4.Costofheating,lightingandelectricity.___________5.Takeitemsintoaccounttocalculatecosts.__________6.Theamountneededtopaycostsbeforeprofit.________________7.Theamountaddedtotheproductwhenitissold._________8.Goodswhicharetransportedbyships,planes,lorries,etc._________9.Thetotalvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbyacountryinoneyear.______________________10.Organizationswhichhelpandrepresenttheinterestsofagroupofpeopleinneed,__________disparitycharitiesgrossdomesticproductcha