高中英语阅读理解精题荟萃(附答案、解析、翻译)[1]1

阅读理解Passage1TherearestoriesabouttwoU．S.presidents，AndrewJacksonandMartinVanBuren，whichattempttoexplaintheAmericanEnglishtermOK．Wedon’tknowifeitherstoryistrue，buttheyarebothinteresting．ThefirstexplanationisbasedonthefactthatPresidentJacksonhadverylittleeducation．Infact，hehaddifficultyreadingandwriting．WhenimportantpaperscametoJackson，hetriedtoreadthemandthenhadhisassistantsexplainwhattheysaid．Ifheapprovedofapaper．hewouldwrite“allcorrect”onit．Theproblemwasthathedidn’tknowhowtospell．Sowhathereallywrotewas“olkorekt”．Afterawhile，heshortenedthattermto“OK”．ThesecondexplanationisbasedontheplacewherePresidentVanBurenwasborn，Kinderhook，NewYork．VanBnren’sfriendsorganizedaclubtohelphimbecomePresidentTheycanedtheclubtheOldKinderhookClub，andanyonewhosupportedVanBurenwascalled“OK”．Passage1这里要讲述AndrewJackson和MartinVanBuren这2届美国总统的小故事。这2个小故事也许可以解释美语中OK一词的来历。故事的真实性我们不得而知，不过内容却很有意思。第一个解释来源于总统AndrewJackson的故事。AndrewJackson几乎没有受到过什么教育，事实上，他对于日常的读写都有困难。当收到重要文件的时候，在尝试阅读之后，还是让他的助手帮忙解释文件的内容。如果批准一份文件，AndrewJackson就在上面写“allcorrect”。麻烦的是，他不知道怎么这2个单词怎么拼写，因此，实际上他在文件上写的是“olkorekt”。过了不久，他又把这2个单词缩写为“OK”。第二个解释来源于总统MartinVanBuren的家乡的名字——纽约的Kinderhook。为了帮助VanBuren成为总统，他的朋友为此组织了一个社团。他们把这个社团叫做OldKinderhookClub，社团中支持VanBuren的人都被称为“OK”31．TheauthorCA.believesbothofthestoriesB．doesn’tbelieveawordofthestoriesC．isnotsurewhetherthestoriesaretrueD.istellingthestoriesjustforfun32.Accordingtothepassage，PresidentJacksonD_A．couldn’tdrawupanydocumentsatallB.didn’tliketoreadimportantpapersbyhimselfC．oftenhadhisassistantssigndocumentsforhimD.wasn’tgoodatreading，writingorspelling33．Accordingtothefirststory,theterm“OK”CA.wasapprovedofbyPresidentJacksonB．wasthetitleofsomeOfficialdocumentsC．wasfirstusedbyPresidentJacksonD．wasanoldwaytospell“allcorrect’’34.Accordingtothesecondstory，theterm‘‘OK”DA．wastheshortwaytosay‘‘oldKinderhookClub”B．meanttheplacewherePresidentVanBurenwasbornC．wasthenameofVanBuren’sclubD．wasusedtocallVanBuren’ssupportersintheelection35．Accordingtothesecondstory．theterm“OK”wasfirstused_B_A．byVanBurenB．inapresidentialelectionC．toorganizetheOldKinderhookClubD．bythemembersofthe‘‘OldKinderhookClub”Passage2AlthoughtheUnitedStatescoverssomuchlandandthelandproducesfarmorefoodthanthepresentpopulationneeds，itspeoplearebynowalmostentirelyanurbansocietyLessthanatenthofthepeopleareengagedinagricultureandforestry(林业)，andmostoftherestliveinoraroundtowns，smallandlarge．Herethetraditionalpictureischanging：everysmalltownmaystillbeverylikeothersmalltowns，andthetypicalsmalltownmayrepresentawidelyacceptedviewofthecountry，butmostAmericansdonotliveinsmalltownsanymore．Halfthepopulationnowlivesinsomethirtymetropolitanareas(1argecitieswiththeirsuburbs、ofmorethanamillionpeopleeach—alargerproportionthaninGermanyorEngland，letaloneFrance．Thestatistics(统计)ofurbanandruralpopulationshouldbetreatedwithcautionbecausesomanypeoplewholiveinareasclassifiedasruraltravelbycartoworkinanearbytowneachday．Astherushtoliveoutoftowncontinues．ruralareaswithinreachoftownsaregraduallyfilledwithhouses，sothatitishardtosayatwhatmomentapieceofcountrybecomesasuburbButmoreandmorethetypicalAmericanlivesinametropolitanratherthanasmalltownenvironment．Passage2尽管美国幅员辽阔，而且土地所产出的粮食远远超过现有人口的需求，现今的美国却几乎完全是个都市化的国家。不足十分之一的人口在从事农业和林业，而剩余的大多数人都居住在大大小小的城镇中或者城镇的周围。传统的景象在这里不断发生着变化：小的城镇之间仍然彼此十分相似，典型的小城镇还是呈现出大家心目中的乡村的风貌；但是大部分的美国人却不再住在小城镇了。现在半数的人口都在大约30几个大都市地区（包括附近郊区的大型城市）——这种大都市地区的人口都在百万以上，总的都市人口数量远远超过德国和英国，更不用说法国了。城市和乡村的人口统计需要特别对待，因为我们所谓的住在乡村的人们，每天都会开车前往附近的城镇工作。当远离城镇居住的热潮持续的情况下，城镇周围的乡村地区逐渐盖满了房屋。那么说不定什么时候，一块乡村的地区就变成了城市的郊区。不过，典型的美国人还是越来越趋向于居住在大都市而不是小城镇的环境中。36．IfnowAmericahas250millionpeople．howmanyofthemareengagedinagricultureandforestry?(C)A．About25million．B．Morethan25million．C．Lessthan25million．D.Lessthan225million37．Whichofthefollowingfourcountrieshasthesmallestproportionofpeoplelivinginmetropolitanareas?(C)A．UnitedStates．B．Germany．C．France．D．England．38．What’sthemeaningoftheword“metropolitan”inthemiddleofthepassage?(A)A.Ofalargecitywithitssuburbs．B．Ofsmallandlargetowns．C．Ofurbanareas．D．Ofruralareas．39．Accordingtothepassage，whatcanwelearnaboutsmalltownsintheUnitedStates?(B)AMostsmalltownsbecomegraduallycrowdedB．Smalltownsarestillsimilartoeachother．C．Asthetraditionalpictureischanging，townsaredifferent．D.Smalltownsareturningintolargecities40．Whyisithardtosaywhenapieceofcountrybecomesasuburb?(C)A．Becausetheyarethesame．B．BecausetherushtakesplacetooquicklyC．Becausetheprocessisgradual．D．BecausemoreandmoreAmericansliveinmetropolitanareas．Passage3Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago，weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwecouldnotrememberButifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday，weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.ItisthesameinhistoryManythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywrittenaccountofthemSometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry，butoftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar．SometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethepeopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtoWrite．Forexample，weknowagooddealaboutthepeoplewholivedinChina4，000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewri