2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析(精品二)

2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案（精品试卷二）SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA．,B．,C．andD．.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Friedfoodshavelongbeenfrownedupon.Nevertheless,theskillet(长柄平底煎锅)isaboutourhandiestandmostusefulpieceofkitchenequipment.Strongwoodcuttersandothersengagedinactivelaborrequiring4,000caloriesperdayormorewilltakeapproximatelyone-thirdoftheirrationspreparedinthisfashion.Meat,eggs,andFrenchtoastcookedinthiswayareservedinmillionsofhomesdaily.Apparentlytheconsumersarenotbesetwithmoresignsofindigestionthanafflictedbythosewhoinsistuponbroiling,roasting,orboiling.Someyearsagooneofourmosteminentphysiologistsinvestigatedthedigestibilityoffriedpotatoes.Hefoundthatthepanvarietywasmoreeasilybrokendownforassimilationthanwhendeepfatwasemployed.Thelatter,however,dissolvedwithinthealimentarytract(消化道)morereadilythantheboiledtype.Furthermore,helearned,bywatchingtheprogressofthecontentsofthestomachbymeansofthefluoroscope(荧光检查仪),thatfatactuallyacceleratedtherateofdigestion.Nowallthisisquiteincontrastwithauthority.Volumeshavebeenwrittenonnutrition,andeverywherethedictum(权威意见)hasbeenaccepted--nofriedediblesofanysortforchildren.Afewwillgosotarastoforbidthisstyleofcookingwholly.Nowandthenanexpertwillbeboldenoughtoadmitthatheusesthemhimself,theabsenceofdiscomfortbeingexplainedonthegroundthathepossessesapowerfulgastric(胃的)apparatus.Wecanofcoursesizzleperfectlygoodarticlestodeathsothattheywillbeleatheryandtough.Butthoroughheating,inthepresenceofshortening,isnottheawfulcrimethatithasbeenlabeled.Suchdishesstimulateratherthanretardcontractionsofthegallbladder.Thusitisthatbile(胆汁)mixeswiththenutrimentshortlyafteritleavesthestomach.Wedon'tneedtoallowourfoodstuffstobecomeoilsoaked,butotherthanthat,thereseemstobenobasisforthewidelyheraldedprohibitionagainstthismethod.Butnotionsbecomefixed.Thefirstcondemnationprobablyrosebecauseanoracle(圣贤)sufferedfromdyspepsia(消2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题化不良)whichheascribedtosomefrieditemonthemenu.Thetheoryspread.Othersagreedwithhim,andafteratimethedoctrinebecameincorporatedinourtextbooks.Thebeliefisnowtraditionratherthanprovedfact.Itshouldhavebeenrefutedlongsince,asexperiencehasdemonstrateditsfalsity.56.Thispassagefocuseson__________.A．whytheskilletisahandypieceofkitchenequipmentB．thedigestibilityoffriedfoodsC．howtheexpertscanmisleadthepublicintheareaoffoodpreparationD．whyfriedfoodshavelongbeenfrownedupon57.Peopleengagedinactivelaboreatfriedfoodsbecause__________.A．theyarehealthfulB．theyaremuchcheaperC．theycanbeeasilydigestedD．theycanprovidethecaloriestheworkersneed58.Theauthorimpliesthatthepublicshould__________.A．preparesomefoodsbyfryingB．avoidfriedfoodsifpossibleC．fryfoodsforadultsbutnotforchildrenD．prepareallfoodsbyfrying59.Whentheauthorsaysthatan'oracle'sufferedfromdyspepsiawhichheascribedtosomefrieditemonthemenuheisbeing__________.A．gratefulB．factualC．sarcasticD．humorous60.Thepassagewasprobablytakenfrom__________.A．amedicaljournalB．apublicationaddressedtothegeneralpublicC．aspeechatamedicalconventionD．anadvertisementforcookingoilPassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中国家)begantosendstudentstotheindustrializedcountriesforfurthereducation.Theyurgentlyneededsuppliesofhighlytrainedpersonneltoimplementaconceptofdevelopmentbasedonmodernization.Butmanyofthesestudentsdecidedtostayoninthedevelopedcountrieswhentheyhadfinishedtheirtraining.Atthesametime,manyprofessionalswhodidreturnhomebutnolongerfeltateasetherealsodecidedtogobacktothecountrieswheretheyhadstudied.2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题Inthe1960s,someLatinAmericancountriestriedtosolvethisproblembysettingupspecialreturnprogramstoencouragetheirprofessionalstocomebackhome.TheseprogramsreceivedsupportfrominternationalbodiessuchastheInternationalOrganizationforMigration,whichin1974enabledover1,600qualifiedscientistsandtechnicianstoreturntoLatinAmerica.Inthe1980sand1990s,temporaryreturnprogramsweresetupinordertomakethebestuseoftrainedpersonneloccupyingstrategicpositionsinthedevelopedcountries.ThisgaverisetotheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram'sTransferofKnowledgethroughExpatriate(移居国外的)Nationals,whichencouragestechniciansandscientiststoworkintheirowncountriesforshortperiods.Butthebraindrain(人才流失)fromthesecountriesmaywellincreaseinresponsetothenewlawsoftheinternationalmarketinknowledge.Recentstudiesforecastthatthemostdevelopedcountriesaregoingtoneedmoreandmorehighlyqualifiedprofessionalsaroundtwiceasmanyastheireducationalsystemswillbeabletoproduce,orsoitisthought.Asaresultthereisanurgentneedfordevelopingcountrieswhichsendstudentsabroadtogivepreferencetofieldswheretheyneedcompetentpeopletogivemuscletotheirowninstitutions,insteadofencouragingthetrainingofpeoplewhomaynotcomebackbecausetherearenoprofessionaloutletsforthem.AndthecountriesoftheSouthmustnotbecontentwit