四柱液压机设计说明书

四柱式液压机设计院（系）：机械工程学院专业：机械设计制造及其自动化学号：学生姓名：指导教师：职称：教授2016年6月沈阳航天航空大学本科毕业设计I摘要本设计为中型四柱式液压机，主机最大工作负载设计为2000KN。主机主要由上梁、导柱、工作台、移动横梁、主缸、顶出缸等组成。本文重点介绍了液压系统的设计。通过具体的参数计算及工况分析，制定总体的控制方案。经方案对比之后，拟定液压控制系统原理图。液压系统选用插装阀集成控制系统，插装阀集成控制系统具有密封性好，通流能力大，压力损失小等特点。为解决主缸快进时供油不足的问题，主机顶部设置补油油箱进行补油。主缸的速度换接与安全行程限制通过行程开关来控制；为了保证工件的成型质量，液压系统中设置保压回路，通过保压使工件稳定成型；为了防止产生液压冲击，系统中设有泄压回路，确保设备安全稳定的工作。此外，本文对液压站进行了总体布局设计，对重要液压元件进行了结构、外形、工艺设计，对主机、电气控制系统进行了简要设计。通过液压系统压力损失和温升的验算，本文液压系统的设计可以满足液压机顺序循环的动作要求，能够实现塑性材料的锻压、冲压、冷挤、校直、弯曲等成型加工工艺。关键词：液压系统；四柱液压机；沈阳航天航空大学本科毕业设计IIABSTRACTThispaperdesignforthemediumframeofhydraulicmachines,themainframe’slargestworkloaddesignfor2000KN.Mainframemainlybythebeam、guided、worktable、mobilebeams、mastercylinder、cylinderheadoutofcomponentsetc.Thispaperfocusesonthehydraulicsystemdesign.Throughspecificparametersandhydraulicmechanicsituationanalyzes,formulationofamastercontrolprogram.Bycontrast,developedhydrauliccontrolsystemdiagram.Hydraulicsystemsusecartridgevalveintegratedcontrolsystem,integratedcartridgevalvecontrolsystemhasgoodsealing,flowcapacity,smallpressurelosscharacteristicsetc.Tosolvethemastercylinderexpressenteredtheshortageofoilsupplyinthetopofthemainframeinstalledoiltank.Mastercylinderforthespeedofaccessrestrictionsandsecuritythroughthetripexchangingtocontrolswitches.Toensurethequalityofthework-piecemolding,inthehydraulicsysteminstalledpackingloopthroughpackingwork-piecestabilitymolding;Topreventhydraulicshocks,pressurereliefsystemwithalooptoensurethatthisequipmentcanbeasafeandstablework.Inaddition,thepaperhydraulicstationontheoveralllayoutofthekeycomponentsofthehydraulicstructure、shape、techniqueforaspecificdesign.Bythelossofhydraulicsystempressureandtemperaturechecked.Hydraulicsystemisdesignedtomeetthehydraulicactionsequenceandcyclerequirementscanbeachievedbyforgingplasticmaterials,stamping,coldextrusion,straightening,bending,andothermoldingprocesses.Keywords:HydraulicSystem；HydraulicPressuremachine；沈阳航天航空大学本科毕业设计III目录第1章绪论·········································································11.1液压机现状概要··········································································11.2本文拟达到的要求·······································································2第2章四柱液压机总体方案设计··············································32.1四柱液压机主要设计参数······························································32.2四柱液压机工作原理分析······························································32.2.1四柱液压机的基本组成···························································32.2.2四柱液压机的工作原理···························································42.3四柱液压机工艺方案设计······························································62.4四柱液压机总体布局方案设计························································62.5四柱液压机零部件设计·································································72.5.1主机载荷分析·······································································72.5.2主机工作台设计··································································102.5.3控制台设计········································································10第3章四柱液压机液压系统设计·····················································103.1液压传动的优越性概述·······························································113.2液压系统设计要求·····································································113.2.1液压机负载确定··································································113.2.2液压机主缸工艺过程分析······················································123.2.3液压系统设计参数·······························································123.3液压系统设计···········································································123.3.1液压机主缸工况分析····························································123.3.2液压机顶出缸工况分析·························································153.3.3液压系统原理图拟定····························································163.3.4液压系统基本参数计算·························································213.4液压系统零部件设计··································································283.4.1液压机主缸设计··································································283.4.2液压机顶出缸设计·······························································323.4.3液压油管设计·····································································333.4.4液压油箱设计·····································································353.5液压站布局设计········································································36沈阳航天航空大学本科毕业设计IV3.5.1液压站设计需要考虑的问题···················································363.5.2液压站的结构设计·······························································363.6液压系统安全、稳定性验算·························································373.6.1液压系统压力损失验算·························································373.6.2液压系统温升验算·······························································41第4章四柱液压机电气系统设计············································424.1电气控制概述···········································································424.2四柱液压机电气控制方案····························································424.2.1四柱液压机电气控制方式选择·····