it的用法与练习

Theuseof“it”一、用作人称代词,代表前面提到的人或事物1)Who’sit?________me.2)Lookatthepicture._____isapictureofourschool.It’sIt二、用于代替指示代词this和that。---Isthisjacketyours?---Yes,______is.it三、用以表示时间、距离、天气、气候、季节、环境等1)Itishalfpasteightnow.2)It’sonlyhalfanhour’swalkfromheretoourschool.3)Ihopethatitwillbefinetomorrow.4)Ithasrainedmuchthisyear.5)It’sspringnow.6)It’squiethere.TimeDistanceWeatherWeatherSeasonCircumstance替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。四、it用作形式主语1.代作主语的动词不定式1)Itbeadj.(forsb.)todosth.此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词:easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful，useless,dangerous…Itisillegal(forateenager)todriveacarwithoutalicense.2)Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词:kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.It’snogood/usedoing…It’s(well)worthdoing…It’s(well)worthone'swhiledoing/todo…It’s(well)worthwhiledoing/todoIt’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型2.it作形式主语替代主语从句Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain…)that...该句型中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,常译为“清楚(显然,真的……)”,是主语从句最常见的一种结构。e.g.Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.①Itisadj.+clauseItissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that...该句型中的it仍是形式主语,真正主语是that引导的主语从句;该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉…)”。ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.②Itisv-edthat…=sb./sth.istodo③Itis+noun+从句Itisapity(ashame/anhonor/agoodthing/afact/asurprise/...)that...该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可省去。表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。如：Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾！Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了,真遗憾！五、it作形式宾语当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的it作形式宾语,常用的动词有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.我认为和他争吵没有用。IfounditveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.我发现学英语非常有趣。Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthissubject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。六、用于强调句型中It+be+被强调部分+that/who(aperson)从句ImetTomintheparkyesterday.1)ItwasIwhometTomintheparkyesterday.2)ItwasTomwhoImetintheparkyesterday.3)ItwasintheparkthatImetTomyesterday.4)ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthepark.Itwasfiveo’clock_________Igothome.Itwasatfiveo’clock_______Igothome.whenthatItisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语,译成汉语“直到……才……”,可以说是not...until...的强调形式。如:ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.1)Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.(92)A.when,thatB.until,whenC.until,thatD.when,then2)Itwasnotuntil____that____topreparehislessons.(91)A.didhisfathercomein,theboybeganB.didhisfathercomein,didtheboybeginC.hisfathercamein,didtheboybeginD.hisfathercamein,theboybeganCD强调句用以强调主语,宾语,介词宾语以及状语。(强调人时用that和who/whom皆可)Itwasshewho／thathadbeenwrong．是她错了。()Itwasthegirlwhom／thatImetjustnow．我刚才遇见的就是这个女孩。()ItwasTomtowhomtheteacherhadtalked．老师与其谈话的那个人是汤姆。()ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened．所有这一切就是在星期一的晚上发生的。()主语宾语介词宾语状语七、it常用的固定搭配1.makeit1)在口语当中相当于succeed,表示:成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达如:It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.2)在口语中相当于fixthedatefor,表示“约定好时间”如:—Shallwemeetnextweek?—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.2.takeit/thingseasy相当于Don’tworryordon’thurry.用来劝告别人,表示“不要慌,别担心,沉住气”Takeiteasy！Hewilldoitwell.3.Italldepends/thatalldepends在口语中,相当于ithasn‘tbeendecidedyet,表示“那得看情况,还没有定下来”—Areyougoingtothecountrysideforholiday?—It/Thatalldepends.4.It'suptosb.在口语中,相当于it'sdecidedbysb.表示“由……决定,由……负责,取决于……”—Shallwegooutfordinner？—It'suptoyou.高考链接1.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(天津2007)A.thisB.thatC.itD.these2.____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(浙江2006)A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.ItCD3.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but______didn’thelp.(2005全国)A.itB.sheC.whichD.he4.I’dappreciate______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(山东2006)A.thatB.itC.thisD.youAB5.Itwas______hecamebackfromAfricathatyear______hemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.(江西2009)A.when;thenB.not;untilC.notuntil;thatD.olny,when6.ItwasalongtheMissippiRiver______MarkTwainspentmuchofhidchildhood.(天津2008)A.howB.whichC.thatD.whereCC改错1.Youwon’tfinddifficulttogettothecitycenter.(2004全国)2.Iknowthereisnoteasytobeateacher.(2004湖北)3.ThisisnotsurprisingthattheSilverGhostwasregardedas“thebestcarintheworld”.find后加itthere→itThis→ItExercises:1.Ihate______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Inwhichplayis______yourbrotherwillappear?A.thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhere3.______theharderyouwork,thebetterresultyou’llget.A.It’sbelievedthatB.WhatwebelievedthatC.It’sfactD.WhatthefactisACA4.Nothingcanstopus,_______?A.can’titB.canitC.can’tweD.canwe5.---Canyoutellushowthewarwaswonintheend?---Idon’tknow,________.A.It’shardtosayB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.