2019年考研英语题型.ppt

考研英语题型•SectionIUseofEnglish完型填空10’•SectionIIReadingComprehension60’•PartA4texts40’•PartB新题型10’•PartCTranslation10’•SectionIIIWriting30’•PartA应用文写作10’•PartB短文写作20’考研英语完型填空主讲：郑书丽研英语大纲之知识运用•共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。•对词汇的掌握提出了更加具体的要求，具体体现在对词汇的微观掌握和记忆上：词汇基本知识（词性、词形、本义和引申义等）；词际关系（同义词、反义词、词汇搭配等）；词汇“背景”（词根、词缀等）。完型考试的测试点•阅读能力：•对文章整体的把握和理解（要读懂文章的主题；读出文章的导向或作者态度）；要读懂文章上下段、上下句之间的关系；还要读懂句子内部结构•英语知识运用的能力：•语法（占20%-30%）;习惯用语（占10%）；词义的辨析和使用（占60%-70%）完型填空的误区•１.很多同学认为完型填空就是语法词汇题•对语法：现在考试当中如果还考语法，就考定语从句或同位语从句，所以准备语法就准备从句：定语从句、同位语从句、状语从句•对词汇：不能只知其一不知其它；不能只知大概不知具体；不能只知认词不知辩词，不能只知词义不知使用。不能用中文的思维，替代英文词的词义。完型填空的误区•２.很多同学认为完型填空需要背诵大纲中的5500个单词•背单词的理念：通过真题记单词•背诵真题，把握真题的理念：以真题为圆心，以努力为半径画完美的考研备考的圆对真题把握的三个标准：•①翻开近十年真题，没有一个单词是生词•②翻开近十年真题，没有一个句子是长难句•（好的准备长难句的方法：把真题中所有长难句归类）•③翻开近十年真题，要知道所有选项对错的原因完型填空的误区•３.处理好模拟试题与真题的关系，真题是根本，真题是核心•学习过程中应该先做真题，后做模拟试题•建议：可以做阅读理解方面的模拟试题，但做完型填空的横拟题意义不是特别大完型填空的备考思路•①背诵近十年真题，要求大家背诵每篇240-280字的文章•②背诵近十年真题中的所有选项，选项基本上体现了完型填空考查的范围•（每个单词一定要知道对错的原因，知道每个单词的准确用法）•③把握解题技巧与方法，没有解题技巧指导的考研完型是比较失败的考研完型•④背大批量的词组•⑤适当的做一些模拟试题解题技巧与方法•１.卷子发下来后，利用红花绿叶原则做题•红花词：某个单词在历年真题中每次出现都选•绿叶词：屡出现屡不选，屡不选屡出现•注意两个问题：•1.红花绿叶原则能做对2-5个题•2.红花词偶尔会失手解题技巧与方法•２.明白ABCD选项的规律•①ABCD的个数都是4-6个之间，四个答案基本均匀分布•②完型填空中一般而言A较多•③没有连续三个答案都一样的情况，连续两个答案都一样的情况是0-3个，前后答案彼此都不一样的情况是17-20个•④在五个一组的答案中，至少要出现三个字母（此规律同样适合阅读理解）解题技巧与方法•３.同义原则•在四个选项中，当两个或三个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中•当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时，往往都不选•当四个选项有一个共同的意思时，该意思往往不能够入选1.无关词排除法（与主题相关原则）•Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases_31_thetrialofRosemaryWest.•Inasignificant_32_oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea_33_billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitness_34_andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof_35_thatcanbegiventoacase_36_atrialbegins.•35.A)publicityB)penaltyC)popularityD)peculiarity2.同现结构法（与文章主题导向或倾向一致原则）•Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep._41_(答案为Neither)kindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis_42_toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore_43_.•43.A)subtleB)obvious•C)mysteriousD)doubtful3.复现结构法（与本题一致原则）Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep._41_(答案为Neither)kindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis_42_toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore_43_.Thenewexperiments,suchasthese_44_forthefirsttimeatarecentmeetingoftheSocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanations_45_ofnon-REMsleep.43.A)subtleB)obviousC)mysteriousD)doubtful3.复现结构法（与本题一致原则）•Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleep_46_is100percentfataltorats,yet,_47_examinationofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompletelynormal.Aresearcherhasnow_48_themysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Therats_49_bacterialinfectionsoftheblood,_50_theirimmunesystems—theself-protectingmechanismagainstdisease—hadcrashed.4.关联结构法•Companies_41_（答案为with）lowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem_42_andactive.•42.A)aliveB)vivid•C)mobileD)diverse5.时间线索定位法•Itisgenerallyrecognized,_29_（答案为however）,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,_30_bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess.•30.A)broughtB)followed•C)stimulatedD)characterized6.总分结构对照分析法•Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe_47_.Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor_48_（答案为seek）extrafundsinformofloans.Naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow_49_（答案为rate）ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot_50_obtainable.•47.A)self-confidentB)self-sufficient•C)self-satisfiedD)self-restrained7.对应成分分析法•Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements–usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and_45_nitrogen.•45.A)mostlyB)partially•C)sometimesD)rarely7.对应成分分析法•Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements–usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and_45_nitrogen.Theyaredifferent_46_theirstudentsarearrangeddifferently.•46.A)inthatB)sothat•C)suchthatD)exceptthat8.逻辑关系定位法•Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases_31_thetrialofRosemaryWest.•31.A)astoB)forinstance•C)inparticularD)suchas8.逻辑关系定位法•_46_,inaccurateorindefinitewordsmaymake_47_difficultforthelistenertounderstandthe_48_whichisbeingtransmittedtohim.Thespeakerwhodoesnothavespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe_49_toexplainordescribeina_50_thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.•46.A)MoreoverB)However•C)PreliminarilyD)Unexpectedly8.逻辑关系定位法Thefirstandsmallestunitthatcanbediscussedinrelationtolanguageistheword.Inspeaking,thechoiceofwordsis_41_theutmostimportance.Properselectionwilleliminateonesourceof_42_breakdowninthecommunicationcycle.Toooften,carelessuseofwords_43_ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.Thewordsusedbythespeakermay_44_unfavorablereactionsinthelistener_45_interferewithhiscomprehension;hence,thetransmission-receptionsystembreaksdown.动词题解题的六种方法：•1.看主语，注意主谓搭配的一致性（主要是看主语是人还是物)•so